中国情境下组织变革准备结构探索
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摘要
采用扎根理论方法,对22家企业的29名管理人员进行了深度访谈,按照三级编码程序对中国背景下的组织变革准备结构进行探索。研究发现:组织变革准备包括认知、情感和能力准备三个维度,认知准备是基础,对情感和能力准备有直接影响;情感准备可以强化认知和能力准备,而能力准备既可能受到认知和情感准备的影响,也可能独立存在。
By using grounded theory, this paper explores the construct of change readiness under Chinese context. Data are collected from 29 managers from 22 companies through in-depth interviewing. Based on coding procedures the results show that change readiness has 3 dimensions, cognitive, affective readiness and ability readiness. The cognitive readiness is key factor and has direct impact on affective and ability readiness. Affective readiness can strengthen cognitive and ability readiness and, ability readiness may either be influenced by cognitive and affective readiness or be an independent factor.
By using grounded theory, this paper explores the construct of change readiness under Chinese context. Data are collected from 29 managers from 22 companies through in-depth interviewing. Based on coding procedures the results show that change readiness has 3 dimensions, cognitive, affective readiness and ability readiness. The cognitive readiness is key factor and has direct impact on affective and ability readiness. Affective readiness can strengthen cognitive and ability readiness and, ability readiness may either be influenced by cognitive and affective readiness or be an independent factor.
引文
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[2] Holt D T,Armenakis A A,Harris SG,Feild H S.Toward a Comprehensive Definition of Readiness for Change:A Review of Research and Instrumentation[J].Research in Organizational Change and Development,2007,16(16):289-336.
[3] Jones R A,Jimmieson N L,Griffiths A.The Impact of Organizational Culture and Reshaping Capabilities on Change Implementation Success:The Mediating Role of Readiness for Change[J].Journal of Management Studies,2005,42(2):361-386.
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[5] Holt d T,Armenakis A A,Feild H S,et al.Readiness for Organizational Change the Systematic Development of a Scale[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2007,43(2):232-255.
[6] Walinga J.Toward a Theory of Change Readiness the Roles of Appraisal,Focus,and Perceived Control[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2008,44(3):315-347.
[7] Stevens G W.Toward a Process-Based Approach of Conceptualizing Change Readiness[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2013,49(3):333-360.
[8] Dalton C C,Gottlieb L N.The Concept of Readiness for Change[J].Nursing Concept Development Or Analysis,2003,42(2):108-117.
[9] Barkema H G,Chen X P,George G,Luo Y,Tsui A S.West Meets East:New Concepts and Theories[J].Academy of Management Journal,2015,58(2):460-479.
[10] Wiesche M,Jurisch M C,Yetton P W,Krcmar H.Grounded Theory Methodology in Information Systems Research[J].MIS Quarterly,2017,41(3):685-702.
[11] Corbin J M,Strauss A.Grounded Theory Research:Procedures,Canons,and Evaluative Criteria[J].Qualitative Sociology,1990,13(1):3-21.
[12] Napier G S,Amborski D J,Pesek V.Preparing for Transformational Change:a Framework for Assessing Organizaitonal Change Readiness[J].International Journal of Human Resources Development and Managemnet,2017,17(1):129-146.
[13] 邓今朝,喻梦琴,李太.状态观及过程观视域下组织变革准备研究综述与展望[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(10):154-162.
[14] Fishbein M,Azjen I.Belief,Attitude,Intention,and Behavior:an Introduction to Theory and Research[M].Reading,MA:Addsion-wesley,1975.
[15] Kuntz R C,Gomes F S.Transformational Change in Organizations:a Self-regulation Approach[J].Journal of Organizational Change Management,2012,25(1):143-162.
[16] Chadi A,Jeworrek S,Mertins V.When the Meaning of Work has Disappeared:Experimental Evidence on Employees' Performance and Emotions[J].Management Science,2017,63(6):1696-1707.
[17] Rafferty AE,Jimmieson NJ,Armenakis AA.Change Readiness:a Multilevel Review[J].Journal of Management,2013,39(1):110-135.
[18] Wanberg C R,Banas J T.Predictors and Outcomes of Openness to Changes in a Reorganizing Workplace[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2000,85(1):132-142.
[19] Baumgartner H,Pieters R,Bagozzi RP.Future-Oriented Emotions:Conceptualization and Behavioral Effects[J].European Journal of Social Psychology,2008,38(4):685-696.
[20] Holt D T,Daspit J J.Introducing the Readiness for Innovation in Family Firms (RIFF) Assessment:A Practical Framework for Diagnosing Innovation Readiness[J].California Management Review,2015,58(1):82-96.
[21] Albinsson P A,Perera B Y,Sautter P T.DART Scale Development:Diagnosing a Firm's Readiness for Strategic Value Co-creation[J].Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice,2016,24(1):42-58.
[22] Fariza H R,James LC,Peter S.Positioning Change Readiness in Knowledge Management Research[J].Journal of Knowledge Management,2012,16(2):329-355.
[23]Nadine L,Persaud D.Gaining and Maintaining Commitment to Large-scale Change in Healthcare Organization[J].Health Services Management Research,2003,16(3):179-188.
[24] Diefendorff J M,Greguras G J,Fleenor J.Perceived Emotional Demands-abilities Fit[J].Applied Psychology,2016,65(1):2-37.
[25] Judge T A,Weiss H M,Kammeyer J D,Hulin C l.Job Attitudes,Job Satisfaction,and Job Affect:A Century of Continuity and of Change[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2017,102(3):356-374.
[26] Adil M S.Impact of Change Readiness on Commitment to Technological Change,Focal,and Discretionary Behaviors:Evidence from the Manufacturing Sector of Karachi[J].Journal of Organizational Change Management,2016,29(2):222-241.
[27] Lines B C,Sullivan KT,Wiezel A.Support for Organizational Change:Change-Readiness Outcomes among AEC Project Teams[J].Journal of Construction Engineering & Management,2016,142(2):212-229.
[28] George C,Jeffrey M,Jaime B,et al.Management's Science-Practice Gap:A Grand Challenge for All Stakeholders[J].Academy of Management Journal,2016,59(6):2205-2231.
[2] Holt D T,Armenakis A A,Harris SG,Feild H S.Toward a Comprehensive Definition of Readiness for Change:A Review of Research and Instrumentation[J].Research in Organizational Change and Development,2007,16(16):289-336.
[3] Jones R A,Jimmieson N L,Griffiths A.The Impact of Organizational Culture and Reshaping Capabilities on Change Implementation Success:The Mediating Role of Readiness for Change[J].Journal of Management Studies,2005,42(2):361-386.
[4] Armenakis A A,Bernerth J B,Pitts J P,et al.Organizational Change Recipients' Beliefs Scale Development of an Assessment Instrument[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2007,43(4):481-505.
[5] Holt d T,Armenakis A A,Feild H S,et al.Readiness for Organizational Change the Systematic Development of a Scale[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2007,43(2):232-255.
[6] Walinga J.Toward a Theory of Change Readiness the Roles of Appraisal,Focus,and Perceived Control[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2008,44(3):315-347.
[7] Stevens G W.Toward a Process-Based Approach of Conceptualizing Change Readiness[J].The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2013,49(3):333-360.
[8] Dalton C C,Gottlieb L N.The Concept of Readiness for Change[J].Nursing Concept Development Or Analysis,2003,42(2):108-117.
[9] Barkema H G,Chen X P,George G,Luo Y,Tsui A S.West Meets East:New Concepts and Theories[J].Academy of Management Journal,2015,58(2):460-479.
[10] Wiesche M,Jurisch M C,Yetton P W,Krcmar H.Grounded Theory Methodology in Information Systems Research[J].MIS Quarterly,2017,41(3):685-702.
[11] Corbin J M,Strauss A.Grounded Theory Research:Procedures,Canons,and Evaluative Criteria[J].Qualitative Sociology,1990,13(1):3-21.
[12] Napier G S,Amborski D J,Pesek V.Preparing for Transformational Change:a Framework for Assessing Organizaitonal Change Readiness[J].International Journal of Human Resources Development and Managemnet,2017,17(1):129-146.
[13] 邓今朝,喻梦琴,李太.状态观及过程观视域下组织变革准备研究综述与展望[J].科技进步与对策,2017,34(10):154-162.
[14] Fishbein M,Azjen I.Belief,Attitude,Intention,and Behavior:an Introduction to Theory and Research[M].Reading,MA:Addsion-wesley,1975.
[15] Kuntz R C,Gomes F S.Transformational Change in Organizations:a Self-regulation Approach[J].Journal of Organizational Change Management,2012,25(1):143-162.
[16] Chadi A,Jeworrek S,Mertins V.When the Meaning of Work has Disappeared:Experimental Evidence on Employees' Performance and Emotions[J].Management Science,2017,63(6):1696-1707.
[17] Rafferty AE,Jimmieson NJ,Armenakis AA.Change Readiness:a Multilevel Review[J].Journal of Management,2013,39(1):110-135.
[18] Wanberg C R,Banas J T.Predictors and Outcomes of Openness to Changes in a Reorganizing Workplace[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2000,85(1):132-142.
[19] Baumgartner H,Pieters R,Bagozzi RP.Future-Oriented Emotions:Conceptualization and Behavioral Effects[J].European Journal of Social Psychology,2008,38(4):685-696.
[20] Holt D T,Daspit J J.Introducing the Readiness for Innovation in Family Firms (RIFF) Assessment:A Practical Framework for Diagnosing Innovation Readiness[J].California Management Review,2015,58(1):82-96.
[21] Albinsson P A,Perera B Y,Sautter P T.DART Scale Development:Diagnosing a Firm's Readiness for Strategic Value Co-creation[J].Journal of Marketing Theory & Practice,2016,24(1):42-58.
[22] Fariza H R,James LC,Peter S.Positioning Change Readiness in Knowledge Management Research[J].Journal of Knowledge Management,2012,16(2):329-355.
[23]Nadine L,Persaud D.Gaining and Maintaining Commitment to Large-scale Change in Healthcare Organization[J].Health Services Management Research,2003,16(3):179-188.
[24] Diefendorff J M,Greguras G J,Fleenor J.Perceived Emotional Demands-abilities Fit[J].Applied Psychology,2016,65(1):2-37.
[25] Judge T A,Weiss H M,Kammeyer J D,Hulin C l.Job Attitudes,Job Satisfaction,and Job Affect:A Century of Continuity and of Change[J].Journal of Applied Psychology,2017,102(3):356-374.
[26] Adil M S.Impact of Change Readiness on Commitment to Technological Change,Focal,and Discretionary Behaviors:Evidence from the Manufacturing Sector of Karachi[J].Journal of Organizational Change Management,2016,29(2):222-241.
[27] Lines B C,Sullivan KT,Wiezel A.Support for Organizational Change:Change-Readiness Outcomes among AEC Project Teams[J].Journal of Construction Engineering & Management,2016,142(2):212-229.
[28] George C,Jeffrey M,Jaime B,et al.Management's Science-Practice Gap:A Grand Challenge for All Stakeholders[J].Academy of Management Journal,2016,59(6):2205-2231.