牛至不同部位所得精油的化学成分及抗氧化活性研究（英文）
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摘要
目的:本研究试图证明湖北产牛至不同部位所得精油存在化学成分和抗氧化性的差异,并为开发牛至药材新的药用部位提供实验依据及参考。创新点:首次对湖北产牛至的"地上部分"和"地下部分"进行了化学成分和抗氧化活性的对比研究,结果表明"地下部分"同样是有效的药用部位。方法:采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对牛至不同部位(花-叶、茎、根)所得精油的化学成分进行比较与分析(附表1),同时结合二苯三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率实验和铁氰化钾总还原能力实验考察了各部位精油的抗氧化性(图1、图2和表1),为牛至精油抗氧化活性的研究进行了新的尝试。结论:湖北产牛至药材的"地下部分"(根)与"地上部分"(花-叶)的精油具有类似的抗氧化作用,具有一定的药用价值。牛至精油在作为抗氧剂使用时,"地下部分"(根)不应被忽略,而应适当保留或开发。
引文
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Benzie,I.F.,Szeto,Y.T.,1999.Total antioxidant capacity of teas by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay.J.Agric.Food Chem.,47(2):633-636.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9807768
Berrehal.,D.,Boudiar,T.,Hichem,L.,et al.,2010.Comparative composition of four essential oils of oregano used in Algerian and Jordanian folk medicine.Nat.Prod.Commun.,5(6):957-960.
Bhargava,K.,Conti,D.S.,da Rocha,S.R.,et al.,2015.Application of an oregano oil nanoemulsion to the control of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce.Food Microbiol.,47:69-73.http://dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.ll.007
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Cespedes,C.L.,Sampietro,D.A.,Seigler,D.S.,et al.,2013.Natural Antioxidants and Biocides from Wild Medicinal Plants.CABI,Cambridge.
de Gaulejac,N.S.,Provost,C,Vivas,N.,1999.Comparative study of polyphenol scavenging activities assessed by different methods.J.Agric.Food Chem.,47(2):425-431.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf980700b
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Lagouri,V.,Blekas,G.,Tsimidou,M.,et al.,1993.Composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils from oregano plants grown wild in Greece.Z Lebensm.Unters.Forsch.,197(1):20-23.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202694
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Ozkan,G.,Baydar,H.,Erbas,S.,2010.The influence of harvesttime on essential oil composition,phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties of Turkish oregano(Origanum onites L.).J.Sci.Food Agric.,90(2):205-209.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3788
Parejo,I.,Codina,C.,Petrakis,C,et al.,2000.Evaluation of scavenging activity assessed by Co(Ⅱ)/EDTA-induced luminol chemiluminescence and DPPH'(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)free radical assay.J.Pharmacol.Toxicol.Methods,44(3):507-512.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1056-8719(01)00110-l
Ragi,J.,Pappert,A.,Rao,B.,et al.,2011.Oregano extract ointment for wound healing:a randomized,double-blind,petrolatum-controlled study evaluating efficacy.J.Drugs Dermatol,10(10):1168-1172.
Ruberto,G.,Baratta,M.T.,Sari,M.,et al.,2002.Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils from Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf.Flavour Frag.J.,17(4):251-254.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1101
Stuessy,T.F.,2009.Plant Taxonomy:the Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data.Columbia University Press,New York.
Teixeira,B.,Marques,A.,Ramos,C.,et al.,2013.Chemical composition and bioactivity of different oregano(Origanum vulgare)extracts and essential oil.J.Sci.Food Agric,93(11):2707-2714.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6089
Benzie,I.F.,Strain,J.J.,1996.The ferric reducing ability of plasma(FRAP)as a measure of"antioxidant power":the FRAP assay.Anal.Biochem.,239(1):70-76.http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.1996.0292
Benzie,I.F.,Szeto,Y.T.,1999.Total antioxidant capacity of teas by the ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay.J.Agric.Food Chem.,47(2):633-636.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf9807768
Berrehal.,D.,Boudiar,T.,Hichem,L.,et al.,2010.Comparative composition of four essential oils of oregano used in Algerian and Jordanian folk medicine.Nat.Prod.Commun.,5(6):957-960.
Bhargava,K.,Conti,D.S.,da Rocha,S.R.,et al.,2015.Application of an oregano oil nanoemulsion to the control of foodborne bacteria on fresh lettuce.Food Microbiol.,47:69-73.http://dx.doi.Org/10.1016/j.fm.2014.ll.007
Castilho,P.C.,Savluchinske-Feio,S.,Weinhold,T.S.,et al.,2012.Evaluation of the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of essential oils,extracts and their main components from oregano from Madeira Island,Portugal.Food Control,23(2):552-558.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/jioodcont.2011.08.031
Cespedes,C.L.,Sampietro,D.A.,Seigler,D.S.,et al.,2013.Natural Antioxidants and Biocides from Wild Medicinal Plants.CABI,Cambridge.
de Gaulejac,N.S.,Provost,C,Vivas,N.,1999.Comparative study of polyphenol scavenging activities assessed by different methods.J.Agric.Food Chem.,47(2):425-431.http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf980700b
Dlugosz,A.,Lembas-Bogaczyk,J.,Lamer-Zarawska,E.,2006.Antoxid increases ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)even stronger than vitamin C.Acta Pol.Pharm.,63(5):446-448.
Fournomiti,M.,Kimbaris,A.,Mantzourani,I.,et al.,2015.Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of cultivated oregano(Origanum vulgare),sage(Salvia officinalis),and thyme(Thymus vulgaris)against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella oxytoca,and Klebsiella pneumoniae.Microb.Ecol.Health Dis.,26:23289.http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/mehd.v26.23289
Gilling,D.H.,Kitajima,M.,Torrey,J.R.,et al.,2014.Antiviral efficacy and mechanisms of action of oregano essential oil and its primary component carvacrol against murine norovirus.J.Appl.Microbiol,116(5):1149-1163.http://dx.doi.org/10.llll/jam.12453
Grondona,E.,Gatti,G.,Lopez,A.G.,et al.,2014.Bio-efficacy of the essential oil of oregano(Origanum vulgare Lamiaceae.ssp.Hirtum).Plant Foods Hum.Nutr.,69(4):351-357.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/slll30-014-0441-x
Kandaswami,C,Middleton,E.Jr.,1994.Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of plant flavonoids.In:Armstrong,D.(Ed.),Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine.Springer US,p.351-376.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-l-4615-1833-4_25
Kayode,R.M.O.,Afolayan,A.J.,2015.Cytotoxicity and effect of extraction methods on the chemical composition of essential oils of Moringa oleifera seeds.J.Zhejiang Univ.-Sci.B(Biomed.&Biotechnol),16(4):680-689.http://dx.doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1400303
Lagouri,V.,Blekas,G.,Tsimidou,M.,et al.,1993.Composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils from oregano plants grown wild in Greece.Z Lebensm.Unters.Forsch.,197(1):20-23.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01202694
Mechergui,K.,Coelho,J.A.,Serra,M.C.,et al.,2010.Essential oils of Origanum vulgare L.subsp.glandulosum(Desf.)Ietswaart from Tunisia:chemical composition and antioxidant activity.J.Sci.Food Agric,90(10):1745-1749.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.4011
Ok,E.,Adanir,N.,Ozturk,T.,2015.Antibacterial and smear layer removal capability of oregano extract solution.Eur.J.Dent.,9(1):20-24.http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.149633
Ozkan,G.,Baydar,H.,Erbas,S.,2010.The influence of harvesttime on essential oil composition,phenolic constituents and antioxidant properties of Turkish oregano(Origanum onites L.).J.Sci.Food Agric.,90(2):205-209.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3788
Parejo,I.,Codina,C.,Petrakis,C,et al.,2000.Evaluation of scavenging activity assessed by Co(Ⅱ)/EDTA-induced luminol chemiluminescence and DPPH'(2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl)free radical assay.J.Pharmacol.Toxicol.Methods,44(3):507-512.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1056-8719(01)00110-l
Ragi,J.,Pappert,A.,Rao,B.,et al.,2011.Oregano extract ointment for wound healing:a randomized,double-blind,petrolatum-controlled study evaluating efficacy.J.Drugs Dermatol,10(10):1168-1172.
Ruberto,G.,Baratta,M.T.,Sari,M.,et al.,2002.Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils from Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf.Flavour Frag.J.,17(4):251-254.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffj.1101
Stuessy,T.F.,2009.Plant Taxonomy:the Systematic Evaluation of Comparative Data.Columbia University Press,New York.
Teixeira,B.,Marques,A.,Ramos,C.,et al.,2013.Chemical composition and bioactivity of different oregano(Origanum vulgare)extracts and essential oil.J.Sci.Food Agric,93(11):2707-2714.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6089