污染负荷对新诺明生产废水厌氧处理性能的影响及抑制因子分析
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摘要
研究了厌氧处理新诺明生产废水的性能,探讨了影响厌氧处理性能的因子.结果表明,有机负荷为0.5kg/(m~3·d)时,化学需氧量(COD)和硫酸盐的去除率分别达到50%和75%,系统性能良好.当有机负荷增大到1.0kg/(m~3·d)时,COD和硫酸盐的去除率分别降至34%和45%,且后期系统出现酸化现象:挥发性脂肪酸积累高达1.4g/L,pH值降低至6.6,表明厌氧系统出现了抑制现象.新诺明生产过程中不同工段废水的厌氧产甲烷试验研究表明,精制工段和缩合工段的两股废水产甲烷能力最差,但经过脱硫试验后产甲烷能力大幅提升.综合调节池废水经过脱硫试验后产甲烷能力提高了400%,确定了高硫酸盐浓度是新诺明生产废水厌氧处理的主要抑制因子.
In this work,the influence of pollution load on anaerobic biological treatment performance of sulfamethoxazole wastewater was investigated.The results revealed that the efficient substrate removals with the organic loading rate of 0.5kg/(m~3·d)were chemical oxygen demand(COD)reduction(50%)and sulfate reduction(75%).However,by increasing the organic loading rate to 1.0kg/(m~3·d),the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfate fell to 34% and 45%,respectively.And at this point,the acidification phenomenon was occurred in the reactor:the accumulation of volatile fatty acid was serious in the system,as high as 1.4g/L,and pH decreased to 6.6,indicating that the anaerobic system appeared inhibition phenomena.A series of anaerobic evaluation tests for the different units of sulfamethoxazole production wastewater were carried out.The resluts showed that the wastewater from refining process and condensation process had the lowest methanogenesis capacity.While through further desulfurization experiment,the methanogenesis capacity of the two kinds of wastewater were increased substantially.The same desulphurization test was carried out on the wastewater from the comprehensive regulating pond,and found that themethane production capacity increased by 400%.It was concluded that the high sulphate concentration was the key factor to inhibit the anaerobic treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater.
In this work,the influence of pollution load on anaerobic biological treatment performance of sulfamethoxazole wastewater was investigated.The results revealed that the efficient substrate removals with the organic loading rate of 0.5kg/(m~3·d)were chemical oxygen demand(COD)reduction(50%)and sulfate reduction(75%).However,by increasing the organic loading rate to 1.0kg/(m~3·d),the removal efficiencies of COD and sulfate fell to 34% and 45%,respectively.And at this point,the acidification phenomenon was occurred in the reactor:the accumulation of volatile fatty acid was serious in the system,as high as 1.4g/L,and pH decreased to 6.6,indicating that the anaerobic system appeared inhibition phenomena.A series of anaerobic evaluation tests for the different units of sulfamethoxazole production wastewater were carried out.The resluts showed that the wastewater from refining process and condensation process had the lowest methanogenesis capacity.While through further desulfurization experiment,the methanogenesis capacity of the two kinds of wastewater were increased substantially.The same desulphurization test was carried out on the wastewater from the comprehensive regulating pond,and found that themethane production capacity increased by 400%.It was concluded that the high sulphate concentration was the key factor to inhibit the anaerobic treatment of sulfamethoxazole wastewater.
引文
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[15]MIZUNO O,LI Y Y,NOIKE T.The Behavior of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria in Acidogenic Phase of Anaerobic Digestion[J].Water Research,1998,32(5):1626-1634.doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00372-2
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[17]NACHAIYASIT S,STUCKEY D C.Effect of Low Temperatures on the Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor(ABR)[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2015,69(2):276-284.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199706)69:2〈276::AID-JCTB711〉3.0.CO;2-T
[18]JING Z,HU Y,NIU Q,et al.UASB Performance and Electron Competition Between Methane-producing Archaea and Sulfate-reducing Bacteria in Treating Sulfate-rich Wastewater Containing Ethanol and Acetate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,137(11):349-357.doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.137
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[21]郑福生,郑淑文.碱度对厌氧体系的影响分析[J].中国高新技术企业,2008(10):65-65.doi:10.13535/j.cnki.11-4406/N.2008.10.012ZHENG Fusheng,ZHENG Shuwen.Analysis of the Effect of Alkalinity on Anaerobic System[J].China High-tech Enterprises,2008(10):65-65.
[22]韩锋,李秀芬,堵国成,等.两相厌氧工艺处理赖氨酸废水的试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2011,11(2):55-59.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2011.02.014HAN Feng,LI Xiufen,DU Guocheng,et al.Experimental Study on Treatment of Lysine Wastewater by Two-phase Anaerobic Process[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2011,11(2):55-59.
[23]褚华宁,张仁志,韩恩山.碱度在厌氧中的影响及有效控制方法[J].环境研究与监测,2006(3):50-52.CHU Huaning,ZHANG Renzhi,HAN Enshan.Effect of Alkalinity on Anaerobic Activity and Effective Control Methods[J].Environmental Research and Monitoring,2006(3):50-52.
[24]李倩囡.UASB反应器厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.doi:10.7666/D.Y2335146LI Qiannan.The Experimental Research on Anammox Biological Nitrogen Removal in UASB Reactor[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.
[25]GAO Yan.Anaerobic Digestion of High Strength Wastewaters Containing High Levels of Sulphate[D].Newcastle:University of Newcastle Upon Tyne,1989.
[2]胡勤海,管丽莉,庄秋松,等.SBR法处理磺胺废水的试验研究[J].环境污染与防治,2002,24(1):19-20.doi:10.15985/j.cnki.1001-3865.2002.01.007HU Qinhai,GUAN Lili,ZHUANG Qiusong,et al.Research on Treatment of Sulfanilamide Wastewater by Means of SBR[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2002,24(1):19-20.
[3]SVOJITKA J,DVORAK L,STUDER M,et al.Performance of an Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,229:180-189.doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.01.022
[4]NG K K,SHI X,NG H Y.Evaluation of System Performance and Microbial Communities of a Bioaugmented Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Pharmaceutical Wastewater[J].Water Research,2015,81:311-324.doi:10.1016/j.watres.2015.05.033
[5]SHI X,LEONG K Y,NG H Y.Anaerobic Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater:A Critical Review[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,245(A):1238-1244.doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.150
[6]CHEN Z,WANG Y,LI K,et al.Effects of Increasing Organic Loading Rate on Performance and Microbial Community Shift of an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor Treating Diluted Pharmaceutical Wastewater[J].Journal of Bioscience&Bioengineering,2014,118(3):284-288.doi:10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.02.027
[7]CHELLIAPAN S,WILBY T,SALLIS P J.Performance of an Up-flow Anaerobic Stage Reactor(UASR)in the Treatment of Pharmaceutical Wastewater Containing Macrolide Antibiotics[J].Water Research,2006,40(3):507-516.doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.11.020
[8]CHELLIAPAN S,WILBY T,YUZIR A,et al.Influence of Organic Loading on the Performance and Microbial Community Structure of an Anaerobic Stage Reactor Treating Pharmaceutical Wastewater[J].Desalination,2011,271(1/2/3):257-264.doi:10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.045
[9]OKTEM Y A,INCE O,SALLIS P,et al.Anaerobic Treatment of a Chemical Synthesis-based Pharmaceutical Wastewater in a Hybrid Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(5):1089-1096.doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.036
[10]JIA Y Y,KHANAL S K,ZHANG H,et al.Sulfamethoxazole Degradation in Anaerobic Sulfate-reducing Bacteria Sludge System[J].Water Research,2017,119:12-20.doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.040
[11]何士龙,王恒康,张莎莎,等.新诺明废水生化处理中的泡沫控制[J].化工环保,2012,32(4):329-333.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1878.2012.04.008HE Shilong,WANG Hengkang,ZHANG Shasha,et al.Foam Control in Bio-treatment of Sulfamethoxazole Wastewater[J].Environmental Protection of Chemical Industry,2012,32(4):329-333.
[12]国家环保局本书编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.National Environmental Protection Agency Book Committee.Water and Exhausted Water Monitoring Analysis Method[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,1989.
[13]张芷毓.厌氧产酸相中产酸菌与硫酸盐还原菌协同产酸脱硫试验研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2013.ZHANG Zhiyu.Anaerobic Acid Phase Production Acid Bacteria and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Collaborative Production Acid Desulfurization Test Research[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2013.
[14]刘广民,任南琪,王爱杰,等.产酸-硫酸盐还原系统中产酸菌的发酵类型及其与SRB的协同作用[J].环境科学学报,2004,24(5):782-788.doi:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2004.05.005LIU Guangmin,REN Nanqi,WANG Aijie,et al.The Fermentation Type of Acidogenic Bacteria and their Cooperation with SRB in an Acidogenic Sulfate-reducing Reactor[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2004,24(5):782-788.
[15]MIZUNO O,LI Y Y,NOIKE T.The Behavior of Sulfate-reducing Bacteria in Acidogenic Phase of Anaerobic Digestion[J].Water Research,1998,32(5):1626-1634.doi:10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00372-2
[16]冯俊丽,马鲁铭.高浓度硫酸盐废水的厌氧生物处理[J].环境保护科学,2005,31(1):23-26.doi:10.16803/j.cnki.issn.1004-6216.2005.01.008FENG Junli,MA Luming.Anaerobic Bio-treatment of High-sulfate Containing Wastewater[J].Environmental Protection Science,2005,31(1):23-26.
[17]NACHAIYASIT S,STUCKEY D C.Effect of Low Temperatures on the Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor(ABR)[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2015,69(2):276-284.doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199706)69:2〈276::AID-JCTB711〉3.0.CO;2-T
[18]JING Z,HU Y,NIU Q,et al.UASB Performance and Electron Competition Between Methane-producing Archaea and Sulfate-reducing Bacteria in Treating Sulfate-rich Wastewater Containing Ethanol and Acetate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,137(11):349-357.doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.137
[19]JONG T,PARRY D L.Microbial Sulfate Reduction Under Sequentially Acidic Conditions in an Upflow Anaerobic Packed Bed Bioreactor[J].Water Research,2006,40(13):2561-2571.doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.05.001
[20]CHOI E,RIM J M.Competition and Inhibition of Sulfate Reducers and Methane Producers in Anaerobic Treatment[J].Water Science&Technology A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research&Control,1991,7(3):240-241.doi:10.2166/wst.1991.0577
[21]郑福生,郑淑文.碱度对厌氧体系的影响分析[J].中国高新技术企业,2008(10):65-65.doi:10.13535/j.cnki.11-4406/N.2008.10.012ZHENG Fusheng,ZHENG Shuwen.Analysis of the Effect of Alkalinity on Anaerobic System[J].China High-tech Enterprises,2008(10):65-65.
[22]韩锋,李秀芬,堵国成,等.两相厌氧工艺处理赖氨酸废水的试验研究[J].安全与环境学报,2011,11(2):55-59.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-6094.2011.02.014HAN Feng,LI Xiufen,DU Guocheng,et al.Experimental Study on Treatment of Lysine Wastewater by Two-phase Anaerobic Process[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2011,11(2):55-59.
[23]褚华宁,张仁志,韩恩山.碱度在厌氧中的影响及有效控制方法[J].环境研究与监测,2006(3):50-52.CHU Huaning,ZHANG Renzhi,HAN Enshan.Effect of Alkalinity on Anaerobic Activity and Effective Control Methods[J].Environmental Research and Monitoring,2006(3):50-52.
[24]李倩囡.UASB反应器厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮试验研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2013.doi:10.7666/D.Y2335146LI Qiannan.The Experimental Research on Anammox Biological Nitrogen Removal in UASB Reactor[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2013.
[25]GAO Yan.Anaerobic Digestion of High Strength Wastewaters Containing High Levels of Sulphate[D].Newcastle:University of Newcastle Upon Tyne,1989.