黄瓜灰霉病生防菌株的筛选与鉴定
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摘要
为探寻黄瓜灰霉病的生物防治新途径,试验以黄瓜灰霉病病原菌为靶标菌,从蔬菜根际土壤中筛选靶标菌的拮抗菌株,并进行鉴定。试验结果如下:从土壤中分离196个菌株,采用平板对峙法与靶标菌进行对峙培养,筛选了效果较好的6个菌株。通过复筛,6个菌株中M-46菌株对黄瓜灰霉病病原菌具有较强的抑制作用,抑制率高达77. 64%,确定M-46菌株作为后续的拮抗菌株。抑菌谱试验结果表明:M-46菌株发酵液对12种常见病原菌均有一定的抑制作用,表明其抑菌谱较广,在黄瓜灰霉病的生物防治上具有潜在的利用价值。经形态学和分子生物学鉴定,M-46菌株为半知菌类疣孢漆斑菌(Myrothecium verrucaria)。
In order to explore a new way of biological control of cucumber Botrytis cinerea,taking the pathogen of cucumber Botrytis cinerea as target,antagonistic strains from rhizosphere soil of vegetables were screened and identified. The results showed that 196 strains were isolated from the soil,and with target bacteria,confrontation culture was carried out by using plate confrontation method.Six strains with good antibacterial activity were screened out and re-screened,among which M-46 strain showed the strongest antibacterial activity against the pathogen of cucumber Botrytis cinerea. Its bacterial inhibition rate was the highest,up to 77. 64%,thus,M-46 strain was determined to be the subsequent antagonistic strain. Fermentation broth of M-46 strain had an inhibitive effect on 12 kinds of common pathogens,indicating that it had a wide range of antibacterial activity and potential application in biological control of cucumber Botrytis cinere. M-46 strain was identified as Myrothecium verrucaria based on a combination of morphological characteristics and theirphylogenetic positions.
In order to explore a new way of biological control of cucumber Botrytis cinerea,taking the pathogen of cucumber Botrytis cinerea as target,antagonistic strains from rhizosphere soil of vegetables were screened and identified. The results showed that 196 strains were isolated from the soil,and with target bacteria,confrontation culture was carried out by using plate confrontation method.Six strains with good antibacterial activity were screened out and re-screened,among which M-46 strain showed the strongest antibacterial activity against the pathogen of cucumber Botrytis cinerea. Its bacterial inhibition rate was the highest,up to 77. 64%,thus,M-46 strain was determined to be the subsequent antagonistic strain. Fermentation broth of M-46 strain had an inhibitive effect on 12 kinds of common pathogens,indicating that it had a wide range of antibacterial activity and potential application in biological control of cucumber Botrytis cinere. M-46 strain was identified as Myrothecium verrucaria based on a combination of morphological characteristics and theirphylogenetic positions.
引文
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[17]张智,李君明,宋燕,等.番茄灰霉病及其防治研究进展[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(2):125-128.
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[19]汪清香,王光富.高效低毒农药防治大棚黄瓜灰霉病的试验[J].上海蔬菜,2006(2):61.
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[21] Decognet V,Ravetti F,Martin C,et al. Improved leaf pruning reduces development of stem cankers caused by grey mouLd in greenhouse tomatoes[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2010,30(2):465-472.
[22]关天舒,朱茂山,李柏宏.番茄灰霉病生物防治措施研究概况[J].辽宁农业科学,2009(1):39-41.
[2]高书锋.黄瓜灰霉病和炭疽病生物防治研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2006.
[3]李传宝.黄瓜灰霉病综合防治措施[J].广西植保,2004,17(1):20-22.
[4]赵新晓.日光温室黄瓜灰霉病和化瓜的识别与防治[J].内蒙古农业科技,1998(S1):144-145.
[5]朱建兰.番茄灰霉病菌的生物学特研究[J].甘肃农业大学学报,1995,30(1):73-78.
[6]李鹏祥,王莘,刘瑞军.一株拮抗人参灰霉病菌和黑斑病菌的细菌鉴定[J].吉林农业大学学报,2013,35(5):516-519.
[7]陈长卿,张博,杨丽娜,等.越橘灰霉病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].吉林农业大学学报,2012,34(5):511-516.
[8]严雪瑞,傅俊范,于舒怡,等.辽宁树莓灰霉病流行调查及原因分析[J].吉林农业大学学报,2009,31(5):672-674.
[9]方中达.植病研究方法[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2007:46.
[10]马辉刚,李瑞明,胡水秀.番茄灰霉病菌生物学特性研究[J].江西农业大学学报,1998,20(2):207-209.
[11]陈利锋,徐敬友.农业植物病理学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:108.
[12]王芊.番茄灰霉病菌抗药性及抗药性控制研究[D].哈尔滨:东北林业大学,2007.
[13]董金皋.农业植物病理学(北方本)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2001:384.
[14]康立娟,张小风,王文桥,等.灰霉菌的抗药性与适合度测定[J].农药学学报,2000(3):39-42.
[15]黄仲生.黄瓜灰霉病的发生与新的防治方法[J].吉林蔬菜,1998(5):11.
[16] Jacometti M A,Wratten S D,Walter M. Review:alternativesto synthetic fungicides for Botrytis cinerea management in vineyards[J]. Australian Journal of Grape&Wine Research,2009,16(1):154-172.
[17]张智,李君明,宋燕,等.番茄灰霉病及其防治研究进展[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(2):125-128.
[18]蔡桂荣,孙爱武,薛志根.摘除残留花瓣柱头法防治大棚灰霉病[J].中国蔬菜,2000(1):32.
[19]汪清香,王光富.高效低毒农药防治大棚黄瓜灰霉病的试验[J].上海蔬菜,2006(2):61.
[20]龙圣喜.温室及大棚黄瓜主要病虫害防治技术[J].农业科技,2008(10):41-42.
[21] Decognet V,Ravetti F,Martin C,et al. Improved leaf pruning reduces development of stem cankers caused by grey mouLd in greenhouse tomatoes[J]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2010,30(2):465-472.
[22]关天舒,朱茂山,李柏宏.番茄灰霉病生物防治措施研究概况[J].辽宁农业科学,2009(1):39-41.