壳聚糖投加量对白芍水提液絮凝效果的影响研究
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摘要
采用紫外/可见分光光度计、激光粒度分析仪、微电泳仪等,探究壳聚糖投加量对白芍水提液絮凝率、分形维数、粒度分布、ζ电位的影响.实验结果显示,壳聚糖投加量为3.2 mL(0.31g·L~(-1))时,絮凝率达到最大值80.88%,此时总黄酮损失率为10.67%,上清液平均粒径为5.42μm,ζ最接近零电位,为-1.168 2mV,絮体分形维数为1.463;应用激光粒子测速(PIV)系统对絮体的沉降过程进行分析,建立了沉降过程的数学模型,絮凝过程的最大沉降速度为0.324 1mm·s~(-1),当絮体特征尺寸在2.75~3.75μm时,絮体的沉降性能较优.
By changing the dosage of the chitosan,UV/visible spectrophotometry meter,laser particle size analyzer,and micro electrophoresis were applied to explore the influence of dosage of chitoson on white peony's water-extraction.The flocculation rate,fractal dimension,particle size distribution,and zeta potential were measured to estimate the influence.Experimental results show that the dosage of chitoson is 0.31 g·L~(-1),and the flocculating rate reaches a maximum value of 80.88%.At this time,the losing ratio of flavones is 10.67%,average particle diameter of supernatant is 5.42μm,zeta potential is-1.168 2 mV which is closest to zero potential,the fractal dimension of flocs is 1.463.The particle imagine velocity(PIV)system was used to record the settling process,thus established the mathematical model of sedimentation process.And,the maximum settling velocity of flocculation process is 0.324 1 mm·s~(-1).When the floc characteristic size ranges from 2.75 to 3.75μm,the flocs have a better settling performance.
By changing the dosage of the chitosan,UV/visible spectrophotometry meter,laser particle size analyzer,and micro electrophoresis were applied to explore the influence of dosage of chitoson on white peony's water-extraction.The flocculation rate,fractal dimension,particle size distribution,and zeta potential were measured to estimate the influence.Experimental results show that the dosage of chitoson is 0.31 g·L~(-1),and the flocculating rate reaches a maximum value of 80.88%.At this time,the losing ratio of flavones is 10.67%,average particle diameter of supernatant is 5.42μm,zeta potential is-1.168 2 mV which is closest to zero potential,the fractal dimension of flocs is 1.463.The particle imagine velocity(PIV)system was used to record the settling process,thus established the mathematical model of sedimentation process.And,the maximum settling velocity of flocculation process is 0.324 1 mm·s~(-1).When the floc characteristic size ranges from 2.75 to 3.75μm,the flocs have a better settling performance.
引文
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[18]张建伟,丁晓光,冯颖,等.壳聚糖对中药甘草水提液的絮凝效果及沉降模型[J].过程工程学报,2015,15(2):236-241.ZHANG J W,DING X G,FENG Y,et al.Chitosan flocculation effect of traditional Chinese medicine extraction liquid licorice water and sedimentation model[J].Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2015,15(2):236-241.
[2]张建伟,袁园,王春雨.壳聚糖对桑白皮水提液净化除杂的研究[J].高校化学工程学报,2010,24(2):346-349.ZHANG J W,YUAN Y,WANG C Y.Chitosan on Mulberry water extracts of purification of chemical engineering research[J].Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese University,2010,24(2):346-349.
[3]张建伟,于婧超,冯颖.2种天然絮凝剂对薄荷水提液的絮凝研究和比较[J].浙江大学学报:理学版,2012,39(4):428-433.ZHANG J W,YU J C,FENG Y.Comparison and study of the flocculation effect of peppermint water extraction solution by two natural flocculants[J].Journal of Zhejiang University:Science Edition,2012,39(4):428-433.
[4]温海龙,董瑞斌,朱升干.分形维数作为废水絮凝处理效果的表征指标及其影响因素[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2011,33(1):17-21.WEN H L,DONG R B,ZHU S G.Fractal dimension and its influencing factors on flocculation effect of wastewater treatment[J].Journal of Nanchang University:Engineering Science,2011,33(1):17-21.
[5]郑典模,朱升干,蒋文天,等.基于DLCA模型的絮凝过程模拟及应用[J].南昌大学学报:工科版,2011,33(2):129-133.ZHENG D M,ZHU S G,JIANG W T,et al.Simulation and application of flocculation process based on DLCA model[J].Journal of Nanchang University:Engineering Edition,2011,33(2):129-133.
[6]MAGGI F,MIETTA F,WINTERWERP J C.Effect of variable fractal dimension on the floc size distribution of suspended cohesive sediment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2007,343(1/2):43-55.
[7]MAERZ J,VERNEY R,WIRTZ K,et al.Modeling flocculation processes:Intercomparison of a size classbased model and a distribution-based model[J].Continental Shelf Research,2011,31(10):84-93.
[8]李春梅,施周,梅胜,等.絮凝条件对絮体分型结构的影响[J].环境科学,2006,27(3):489-492.LI C M,SHI Z,MEI S,et al.The effect of flocculation conditions on the structure of flocs[J].Environmental Science,2006,27(3):489-492.
[9]钟润生,张锡辉,肖峰,等.絮体分型结构对沉淀速度影响研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(8):2353-2357.ZHONG R S,ZHANG X H,XIAO F,et al.Study on the influence of floc structure on precipitation rate[J].Environmental Science,2009,30(8):2353-2357.
[10]卢佳,王毅力,杜白雨,等.聚合氯化铁腐植酸(PFCHA)絮体的粒度和分形维数的动态变化[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(4):624-633.LU J,WANG Y L,DU B Y,et al.Polyferric chloride humic acid(PFC-HA)particle size and fractal dimension of floc dynamics[J].Journal of Environmental Science,2008,28(4):624-633.
[11]徐礼燊,沙世炎.中草药有效成分分析法(下册)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1982:279.XU L S,SHA S Y.The Active Ingredients of Chinese Herbal Medicine Analysis(2)[M].Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,1982:279.
[12]孙姣,秦莉,李桂水,等.壳聚糖对小儿咳喘灵原药提取液絮凝除杂效果研究[J].中草药,2013,44(2):174-179.SUN J,QIN L,LI G S,et al.Liquid flocculation effect of Chinese herbal medicine[J].Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs,2013,44(2):174-179.
[13]郑丽娜.复合型生物絮凝剂絮凝特性及絮凝絮体分形特性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2007.ZHENG L N.Study on Flocculation Characteristics of Complex Bioflocculant and Fractal Properties of Floc[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2007.
[14]王晓昌,丹保宪仁.絮凝体形态学和密度的探讨(Ⅱ).致密性絮凝体形成操作模式[J].环境科学学报,2000,20(4):385-390.WANG X C,TAMBO N.Discussion on the morphology and density of flocs(Ⅱ)the operation mode of compact floc formation[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Science,2000,20(4):385-390.
[15]KRANENBURG C.The fractal structure of cohesive sediment aggregates[J].Estuarine Coastaland Shelf Science,1994,39(6):451-460.
[16]XIA X M,LI Y,YANG H,et al.Observations on the size and settling velocity distributions of suspended sediments in the Pearl River Estuary,China[J].Continental Shelf Research,2004,24(16):1809-1826.
[17]FOX J M,HILL P S,MILLIGAN T G,et al.Floc fraction in the waters of the Po River prodelta[J].Continental Shelf Research,2004,24(15):1699-1715.
[18]张建伟,丁晓光,冯颖,等.壳聚糖对中药甘草水提液的絮凝效果及沉降模型[J].过程工程学报,2015,15(2):236-241.ZHANG J W,DING X G,FENG Y,et al.Chitosan flocculation effect of traditional Chinese medicine extraction liquid licorice water and sedimentation model[J].Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2015,15(2):236-241.