葡萄霜霉病田间初始发生相关因素分析
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摘要
为明确葡萄霜霉病田间初始发生与孢子囊、气象因素及葡萄品种的关系。连续6年定点调查了无核红宝石、玫瑰香、蛇龙珠上的葡萄霜霉病初始发生时期,利用孢子囊捕捉器捕捉葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊,并通过农田小型气候站监测田间气象数据,分析温度、湿度、降雨等气象因素与霜霉病初始发生的关系。结果表明在葡萄霜霉孢子囊发现后10天左右,田间始见霜霉病斑;不同品种葡萄上霜霉病的初始发生时期有所不同:红宝石发病最早,其次为玫瑰香,蛇龙珠发病最晚;葡萄霜霉病的发生与气温、相对湿度、降雨量等气候条件密切相关,其中降雨量是影响葡萄霜霉病初始发生的主导气象因子。通过对以上数据分析,本研究提出直接又简便的预测方法,为葡萄霜霉病的防控和预测测报提供依据。
To clarify the relationship between the initial occurrence of grape downy mildew and sporangia,meteorological factors and grape varieties, the initial occurrence periods of grape downy mildew of Ruby Seedless, Muscat Hamburg and Cabernet Girnischt were investigated for 6 consecutive years. A spore trap device was installed to collect the grape downy mildew spores in the air. The meteorological data of field were detected by a small climate station. The relationships between temperature, humidity, rainfall and the initial occurrence of grape downy mildew were analyzed. The results showed that downy mildew spots were seen in field after 10 days of the discovery of grape downy mildew spores. The downy mildew occurrence period of different grape varieties was different, that of Ruby Seedless was the earliest, followed by that of Muscat Hamburg fragrance, and then was that of Cabernet Girnischt. The incidence of grape downy mildew was closely related to temperature, humidity and rainfall, in which the rainfall was the main factor. Based on the above data analysis, this study proposes a direct and simple method for the prediction of grape downy mildew, which could be a basis for the prevention and control of this disease.
To clarify the relationship between the initial occurrence of grape downy mildew and sporangia,meteorological factors and grape varieties, the initial occurrence periods of grape downy mildew of Ruby Seedless, Muscat Hamburg and Cabernet Girnischt were investigated for 6 consecutive years. A spore trap device was installed to collect the grape downy mildew spores in the air. The meteorological data of field were detected by a small climate station. The relationships between temperature, humidity, rainfall and the initial occurrence of grape downy mildew were analyzed. The results showed that downy mildew spots were seen in field after 10 days of the discovery of grape downy mildew spores. The downy mildew occurrence period of different grape varieties was different, that of Ruby Seedless was the earliest, followed by that of Muscat Hamburg fragrance, and then was that of Cabernet Girnischt. The incidence of grape downy mildew was closely related to temperature, humidity and rainfall, in which the rainfall was the main factor. Based on the above data analysis, this study proposes a direct and simple method for the prediction of grape downy mildew, which could be a basis for the prevention and control of this disease.
引文
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[5]金恭玺,岳永亮,宋玉萍,等.葡萄霜霉病初次侵染来源和初侵染的特点及防治[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(6):1105-1111.
[6]周伟新,贺建华,万军.新疆北疆地区葡萄霜霉病发病规律研究及综合防治技术[J].北方园艺,2014(16):214-215.
[7]胡盼,李兴红,张夏兰,等.葡萄霜霉病田间调查及防治效果试验[J].中国农学通报,2013(16):181-185.
[8]吉沐祥,吴祥,陈宏州,等.4种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病菌的毒力及田间防效[J].农学学报,2016,6(1):37-41.
[9]黄云霄,李敏,潘学军,等.几种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果[J].农药,2018,57(11):836-839.
[10]Cadle-Davidson L.Variation within and between Vitis spp.for foliar resistance to the downy mildew pathogen plasmopara viticola[J].Plant disease,2008,92(11):1577-1584.
[11]毕秋艳,马志强,韩秀英,等.葡萄霜霉病菌对甲霜灵抗药性治理及其田间抗药菌株遗传稳定性分析[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(3):302-308.
[12]徐丹丹,韩亭宇,梁燕燕,等.北京市延庆区葡萄霜霉病流行规律及预测模型的检验[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(13):133-140.
[13]于舒怡,傅俊范,刘长远,等.沈阳地区葡萄霜霉病流行时间动态及其气象影响因子分析[J].植物病理学报,2016,46(04):529-535.
[14]于舒怡,刘长远,王辉,等.避雨栽培对葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊飞散时空动态的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(10):1892-1902.
[15]Rossi V,Caffi T.The role of rain in dispersal of the primary in oculum of Plasm oparaviticola[J].Phytopathology,2012,102(2):158-165.
[16]于舒怡,梁春浩,刘丽,等.沈阳地区葡萄霜霉病流行速率、空中孢子囊密度与环境因素的相关性[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(3):434-441.
[17]李瑞盈,孙丽华,张晨宇,等.昌黎地区酿酒葡萄霜霉病发生前期气象条件分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(26):120-124.
[18]李华,郭明浩.葡萄霜霉病预测模型及预警技术研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(10):313-316.
[19]门光耀,吉丽丽,张涛,等.葡萄白粉菌孢子扩散动态与田间病情相关性研究[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(5):941-946.
[20]周益林,段霞瑜,程登发.利用移动式孢子捕捉器捕获的孢子量估计小麦白粉病田间病情[J].植物病理学报,2007,37(3):307-309.
[21]陈群航,陈仁,杜宜新,等.设施番茄灰霉病菌孢子扩散动态与田间病情相关性[J].福建农业学报,2014,11:1118-1121.
[22]吉丽丽,李海强,韩宏伟,等.不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(12):2463-2468.
[23]李宝燕,王培松,倪寿山,等.不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定及相关生理生化研究[J].果树学报,2016(2):217-223.
[2]李宝燕,王培松,王英姿.葡萄霜霉病的生物药剂防治[J].农药,2014,53(11):853-855.
[3]Rouxel M,Mestre P,Baudoin A,et al.Geographic distribution of cryptic species of Plasmopara viticola causing downy mildew on wild and cultivated grape in eastern North America[J].Phytopathology,2014,104(7):692-701.
[4]Gessler C,Pertot I,Perazzolli M.Plasmopara viticola:a review of knowledge on downy mildew of grapevine and effective disease management[J].Phytopathol Mediterr,2011,50:3-44.
[5]金恭玺,岳永亮,宋玉萍,等.葡萄霜霉病初次侵染来源和初侵染的特点及防治[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(6):1105-1111.
[6]周伟新,贺建华,万军.新疆北疆地区葡萄霜霉病发病规律研究及综合防治技术[J].北方园艺,2014(16):214-215.
[7]胡盼,李兴红,张夏兰,等.葡萄霜霉病田间调查及防治效果试验[J].中国农学通报,2013(16):181-185.
[8]吉沐祥,吴祥,陈宏州,等.4种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病菌的毒力及田间防效[J].农学学报,2016,6(1):37-41.
[9]黄云霄,李敏,潘学军,等.几种杀菌剂对葡萄霜霉病的防治效果[J].农药,2018,57(11):836-839.
[10]Cadle-Davidson L.Variation within and between Vitis spp.for foliar resistance to the downy mildew pathogen plasmopara viticola[J].Plant disease,2008,92(11):1577-1584.
[11]毕秋艳,马志强,韩秀英,等.葡萄霜霉病菌对甲霜灵抗药性治理及其田间抗药菌株遗传稳定性分析[J].植物病理学报,2014,44(3):302-308.
[12]徐丹丹,韩亭宇,梁燕燕,等.北京市延庆区葡萄霜霉病流行规律及预测模型的检验[J].中国农学通报,2017,33(13):133-140.
[13]于舒怡,傅俊范,刘长远,等.沈阳地区葡萄霜霉病流行时间动态及其气象影响因子分析[J].植物病理学报,2016,46(04):529-535.
[14]于舒怡,刘长远,王辉,等.避雨栽培对葡萄霜霉病菌孢子囊飞散时空动态的影响[J].中国农业科学,2016,49(10):1892-1902.
[15]Rossi V,Caffi T.The role of rain in dispersal of the primary in oculum of Plasm oparaviticola[J].Phytopathology,2012,102(2):158-165.
[16]于舒怡,梁春浩,刘丽,等.沈阳地区葡萄霜霉病流行速率、空中孢子囊密度与环境因素的相关性[J].植物保护学报,2016,43(3):434-441.
[17]李瑞盈,孙丽华,张晨宇,等.昌黎地区酿酒葡萄霜霉病发生前期气象条件分析[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(26):120-124.
[18]李华,郭明浩.葡萄霜霉病预测模型及预警技术研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2005,21(10):313-316.
[19]门光耀,吉丽丽,张涛,等.葡萄白粉菌孢子扩散动态与田间病情相关性研究[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(5):941-946.
[20]周益林,段霞瑜,程登发.利用移动式孢子捕捉器捕获的孢子量估计小麦白粉病田间病情[J].植物病理学报,2007,37(3):307-309.
[21]陈群航,陈仁,杜宜新,等.设施番茄灰霉病菌孢子扩散动态与田间病情相关性[J].福建农业学报,2014,11:1118-1121.
[22]吉丽丽,李海强,韩宏伟,等.不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(12):2463-2468.
[23]李宝燕,王培松,倪寿山,等.不同葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性鉴定及相关生理生化研究[J].果树学报,2016(2):217-223.