One-step synthesis of N-doped metal/biochar composite using NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis for efficient degradation and mineralization of Methylene Blue
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摘要
A series of new biochar-supported composite based on the combination of biochar and metallic nanoparticles(NPs)were produced through single-step pyrolysis of FeCl_3–Ti(OBu)_4 laden agar biomass under NH_3 environment.The physiochemical properties of composites were characterized thoroughly.It has found that heating temperature and N-doping through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis significantly influence the visible-light sensitivity and bandgap energy of composites.The catalytic activities of composites were measured by degradation of Methylene Blue(MB)in the presence or absence of H_2O_2 and visible-light irradiation.Our best catalyst(N–TiO_2–Fe_3O_4-biochar)exhibits rapid and high MB removal competency(99.99%)via synergism of adsorption,photodegradation,and Fenton-like reaction.Continuous production of O_2U~-and UOH radicles performs MB degradation and mineralization,confirmed by scavenging experiments and degradation product analysis.The local trap state Ti~(3+),Fe_3O_4,and N-carbon of the catalyst acted as active sites.It has suggested that the Ti~(3+)and N-doped dense carbon layer improve charge separation and shuttle that prolonged photo-Fenton like reaction.Moreover,the catalyst is highly stable,collectible,and recyclable up to 5 cycles with high MB degradation efficiency.This work provides a new insight into the synthesis of highly visible-light sensitized biocharsupported photocatalyst through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis of NPs-laden biomass.
A series of new biochar-supported composite based on the combination of biochar and metallic nanoparticles(NPs)were produced through single-step pyrolysis of FeCl_3–Ti(OBu)_4 laden agar biomass under NH_3 environment.The physiochemical properties of composites were characterized thoroughly.It has found that heating temperature and N-doping through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis significantly influence the visible-light sensitivity and bandgap energy of composites.The catalytic activities of composites were measured by degradation of Methylene Blue(MB)in the presence or absence of H_2O_2 and visible-light irradiation.Our best catalyst(N–TiO_2–Fe_3O_4-biochar)exhibits rapid and high MB removal competency(99.99%)via synergism of adsorption,photodegradation,and Fenton-like reaction.Continuous production of O_2U~-and UOH radicles performs MB degradation and mineralization,confirmed by scavenging experiments and degradation product analysis.The local trap state Ti~(3+),Fe_3O_4,and N-carbon of the catalyst acted as active sites.It has suggested that the Ti~(3+)and N-doped dense carbon layer improve charge separation and shuttle that prolonged photo-Fenton like reaction.Moreover,the catalyst is highly stable,collectible,and recyclable up to 5 cycles with high MB degradation efficiency.This work provides a new insight into the synthesis of highly visible-light sensitized biocharsupported photocatalyst through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis of NPs-laden biomass.
A series of new biochar-supported composite based on the combination of biochar and metallic nanoparticles(NPs)were produced through single-step pyrolysis of FeCl_3–Ti(OBu)_4 laden agar biomass under NH_3 environment.The physiochemical properties of composites were characterized thoroughly.It has found that heating temperature and N-doping through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis significantly influence the visible-light sensitivity and bandgap energy of composites.The catalytic activities of composites were measured by degradation of Methylene Blue(MB)in the presence or absence of H_2O_2 and visible-light irradiation.Our best catalyst(N–TiO_2–Fe_3O_4-biochar)exhibits rapid and high MB removal competency(99.99%)via synergism of adsorption,photodegradation,and Fenton-like reaction.Continuous production of O_2U~-and UOH radicles performs MB degradation and mineralization,confirmed by scavenging experiments and degradation product analysis.The local trap state Ti~(3+),Fe_3O_4,and N-carbon of the catalyst acted as active sites.It has suggested that the Ti~(3+)and N-doped dense carbon layer improve charge separation and shuttle that prolonged photo-Fenton like reaction.Moreover,the catalyst is highly stable,collectible,and recyclable up to 5 cycles with high MB degradation efficiency.This work provides a new insight into the synthesis of highly visible-light sensitized biocharsupported photocatalyst through NH_3-ambiance pyrolysis of NPs-laden biomass.
引文
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Dumas,L.,Bonnaud,L.,Olivier,M.,Poorteman,M.,Dubois,P.,2016.Arbutin-based benzoxazine:en route to an intrinsic water soluble biobased resin.Green Chem.18,4954-4960.
Egerton,T.A.,Harris,E.,John Lawson,E.,Mile,B.,Rowlands,C.C.,2001.An EPR study of diffusion of iron into rutile.Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys.3,497-504.
Fan,S.,Tang,J.,Wang,Y.,Li,H.,Zhang,H.,Tang,J.,et al.,2016.Biochar prepared from co-pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge and tea waste for the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions:kinetics,isotherm,thermodynamic and mechanism.J.Mol.Liq.220,432-441.
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Ganeshraja,A.S.,Rajkumar,K.,Zhu,K.,Li,X.,Thirumurugan,S.,Xu,W.,et al.,2016.Facile synthesis of iron oxide coupled and doped titania nanocomposites:tuning of physicochemical and photocatalytic properties.RSC Adv.6,72791-72802.
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Kalantari,K.,Kalbasi,M.,Sohrabi,M.,Royaee,S.J.,2016.Synthesis and characterization of N-doped TiO2nanoparticles and their application in photocatalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene under visible light.Ceram.Int.42,14834-14842.
Kumar,P.,Joshi,C.,Labhsetwar,N.,Boukherroub,R.,Jain,S.L.,2015.A novel Ru/TiO2hybrid nanocomposite catalyzed photoreduction of CO2to methanol under visible light.Nanoscale 7,15258-15267.
Le,H.A.,Linh,L.T.,Chin,S.,Jurng,J.,2012.Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by a combination of TiO2-anatase and coconut shell activated carbon.Powder Technol.225,167-175.
Li,M.,Huang,H.,Yu,S.,Tian,N.,Dong,F.,Du,X.,et al.,2016.Simultaneously promoting charge separation and photoabsorption of BiOX(X=Cl,Br)for efficient visible-light photocatalysis and photosensitization by compositing lowcost biochar.Appl.Surf.Sci.386,285-295.
Li,H.,Cao,X.,Zhang,C.,Yu,Q.,Zhao,Z.,Niu,X.,et al.,2017.Enhanced adsorptive removal of anionic and cationic dyes from single or mixed dye solutions using MOF PCN-222.RSCAdv.7,16273-16281.
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Lu,Q.,Zhang,Y.,Liu,S.,2015.Graphene quantum dots enhanced photocatalytic activity of zinc porphyrin toward the degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation.J.Mater.Chem.A 3,8552-8558.
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Matos,J.,Hofman,M.,Pietrzak,R.,2013b.Synergy effect in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue on a suspended mixture of TiO2and N-containing carbons.Carbon 54,460-471.
Mian,M.M.,Liu,G.,2018.Recent progress in biochar-supported photocatalysts:synthesis,role of biochar,and applications.RSC Adv.8,14237-14248.
Molla,A.,Sahu,M.,Hussain,S.,2015.Under dark and visible light:fast degradation of methylene blue in the presence of Ag-InNi-S nanocomposites.J.Mater.Chem.A 3,15616-15625.
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Asahi,R.,Morikawa,T.,Ohwaki,T.,Aoki,K.,Taga,Y.,2001.Visible-light photocatalysis in nitrogen-doped titanium oxides.Science 293,269-271.
Bandosz,T.J.,Matos,J.,Seredych,M.,Islam,M.S.Z.,Alfano,R.,2012.Photoactivity of S-doped nanoporous activated carbons:a new perspective for harvesting solar energy on carbon-based semiconductors.Appl.Catal.A Gen.445-446,159-165.
Cai,X.,Li,J.,Liu,Y.,Yan,Z.,Tan,X.,Liu,S.,et al.,2018.Titanium dioxide-coated biochar composites as adsorptive and photocatalytic degradation materials for the removal of aqueous organic pollutants.J.Chem.Technol.Biotechnol.93,783-791.
Chen,X.,Liu,L.,Yu,P.Y.,Mao,S.S.,2011.Increasing solar absorption for photocatalysis with black hydrogenated titanium dioxide nanocrystals.Science 331,746-750.
Coates,J.,2006.Interpretation of Infrared Spectra,A Practical Approach.Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry.John Wiley&Sons,Ltd.
Colmenares,J.C.,Varma,R.S.,Lisowski,P.,2016.Sustainable hybrid photocatalysts:titania immobilized on carbon materials derived from renewable and biodegradable resources.Green Chem.18,5736-5750.
Cui,M.,Pan,S.,Tang,Z.,Chen,X.,Qiao,X.,Xu,Q.,2017.Physiochemical properties of n-n heterostructured TiO2/MoTiO2composites and their photocatalytic degradation of gaseous toluene.Chem.Speciat.Bioavailab.29,60-69.
Dahl,M.,Liu,Y.,Yin,Y.,2014.Composite titanium dioxide nanomaterials.Chem.Rev.114,9853-9889.
Dou,H.,Kim,B.-J.,Choi,S.-H.,Jung,E.C.,Lee,S.,2014.Effect of size of Fe3O4magnetic nanoparticles on electrochemical performance of screen printed electrode using sedimentation fieldflow fractionation.J.Nanopart.Res.16(2679).
Dumas,L.,Bonnaud,L.,Olivier,M.,Poorteman,M.,Dubois,P.,2016.Arbutin-based benzoxazine:en route to an intrinsic water soluble biobased resin.Green Chem.18,4954-4960.
Egerton,T.A.,Harris,E.,John Lawson,E.,Mile,B.,Rowlands,C.C.,2001.An EPR study of diffusion of iron into rutile.Phys.Chem.Chem.Phys.3,497-504.
Fan,S.,Tang,J.,Wang,Y.,Li,H.,Zhang,H.,Tang,J.,et al.,2016.Biochar prepared from co-pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge and tea waste for the adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solutions:kinetics,isotherm,thermodynamic and mechanism.J.Mol.Liq.220,432-441.
Feng,J.,Hu,X.,Yue,P.L.,2004.Discoloration and mineralization of Orange II using different heterogeneous catalysts containing Fe:a comparative study.Environ.Sci.Technol.38,5773-5778.
Feng,Z.,Zeng,L.,Chen,Y.,Ma,Y.,Zhao,C.,Jin,R.,et al.,2017.In situ preparation of Z-scheme MoO3/g-C3N4 composite with high performance in photocatalytic CO2 reduction and RhBdegradation.J.Mater.Res.32,3660-3668.
Ganeshraja,A.S.,Rajkumar,K.,Zhu,K.,Li,X.,Thirumurugan,S.,Xu,W.,et al.,2016.Facile synthesis of iron oxide coupled and doped titania nanocomposites:tuning of physicochemical and photocatalytic properties.RSC Adv.6,72791-72802.
Go??biewska,A.,Lisowski,W.,Jarek,M.,Nowaczyk,G.,ZielińskaJurek,A.,Zaleska,A.,2014.Visible light photoactivity of TiO2loaded with monometallic(Au or Pt)and bimetallic(Au/Pt)nanoparticles.Appl.Surf.Sci.317,1131-1142.
He,Y.,Zhang,L.,Fan,M.,Wang,X.,Walbridge,M.L.,Nong,Q.,et al.,2015.Z-scheme SnO2-x/g-C3N4composite as an efficient photocatalyst for dye degradation and photocatalytic CO2reduction.Sol.Energy Mater.Sol.Cells 137,175-184.
Ihsanullah,Al Amer,A.M.,Laoui,T.,Abbas,A.,Al-Aqeeli,N.,Patel,F.,et al.,2016.Fabrication and antifouling behaviour of a carbon nanotube membrane.Mater.Des.89,549-558.
Jayanthi Kalaivani,G.,Suja,S.K.,2016.TiO2(rutile)embedded inulin-a versatile bio-nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue.Carbohydr.Polym.143,51-60.
Jing,H.-P.,Wang,C.-C.,Zhang,Y.-W.,Wang,P.,Li,R.,2014.Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in ZIF-8.RSCAdv.4,54454-54462.
Kalantari,K.,Kalbasi,M.,Sohrabi,M.,Royaee,S.J.,2016.Synthesis and characterization of N-doped TiO2nanoparticles and their application in photocatalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene under visible light.Ceram.Int.42,14834-14842.
Kumar,P.,Joshi,C.,Labhsetwar,N.,Boukherroub,R.,Jain,S.L.,2015.A novel Ru/TiO2hybrid nanocomposite catalyzed photoreduction of CO2to methanol under visible light.Nanoscale 7,15258-15267.
Le,H.A.,Linh,L.T.,Chin,S.,Jurng,J.,2012.Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by a combination of TiO2-anatase and coconut shell activated carbon.Powder Technol.225,167-175.
Li,M.,Huang,H.,Yu,S.,Tian,N.,Dong,F.,Du,X.,et al.,2016.Simultaneously promoting charge separation and photoabsorption of BiOX(X=Cl,Br)for efficient visible-light photocatalysis and photosensitization by compositing lowcost biochar.Appl.Surf.Sci.386,285-295.
Li,H.,Cao,X.,Zhang,C.,Yu,Q.,Zhao,Z.,Niu,X.,et al.,2017.Enhanced adsorptive removal of anionic and cationic dyes from single or mixed dye solutions using MOF PCN-222.RSCAdv.7,16273-16281.
Lisowski,P.,Colmenares,J.C.,Ma?ek,O.,Lisowski,W.,Lisovytskiy,D.,Kamińska,A.,et al.,2017.Dual functionality of TiO2/biochar hybrid materials:photocatalytic phenol degradation in the liquid phase and selective oxidation of methanol in the gas phase.ACS Sustain.Chem.Eng.5,6274-6287.
Liu,X.,Ding,W.,Wu,Y.,Zeng,C.,Luo,Z.,Fu,H.,2017.Penicillamine-protected Ag20nanoclusters and fluorescence chemosensing for trace detection of copper ions.Nanoscale 9,3986-3994.
Lu,Q.,Zhang,Y.,Liu,S.,2015.Graphene quantum dots enhanced photocatalytic activity of zinc porphyrin toward the degradation of methylene blue under visible-light irradiation.J.Mater.Chem.A 3,8552-8558.
Ma,J.,Yu,F.,Zhou,L.,Jin,L.,Yang,M.,Luan,J.,Tang,Y.,et al.,2012.Enhanced adsorptive removal of methyl orange and methylene blue from aqueous solution by alkali-activated multiwalled carbon nanotubes.ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 4,5749-5760.
Matos,J.,Atienzar,P.,García,H.,Hernández-Garrido,J.C.,2013a.Nanocrystalline carbon-TiO2hybrid hollow spheres as possible electrodes for solar cells.Carbon N.Y.53,169-181.
Matos,J.,Hofman,M.,Pietrzak,R.,2013b.Synergy effect in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue on a suspended mixture of TiO2and N-containing carbons.Carbon 54,460-471.
Mian,M.M.,Liu,G.,2018.Recent progress in biochar-supported photocatalysts:synthesis,role of biochar,and applications.RSC Adv.8,14237-14248.
Molla,A.,Sahu,M.,Hussain,S.,2015.Under dark and visible light:fast degradation of methylene blue in the presence of Ag-InNi-S nanocomposites.J.Mater.Chem.A 3,15616-15625.
Neubert,S.,Mitoraj,D.,Shevlin,S.A.,Pulisova,P.,Heimann,M.,Du,Y.,et al.,2016.Highly efficient rutile TiO2photocatalysts with single Cu(II)and Fe(III)surface catalytic sites.J.Mater.Chem.A 4,3127-3138.
Nguyen,C.-C.,Dinh,C.-T.,Do,T.-O.,2017.Hollow Sr/Rh-codoped TiO2photocatalyst for efficient sunlight-driven organic compound degradation.RSC Adv.7,3480-3487.
Pi,L.,Jiang,R.,Zhou,W.,Zhu,H.,Xiao,W.,Wang,D.,et al.,2015.gC3N4Modified biochar as an adsorptive and photocatalytic material for decontamination of aqueous organic pollutants.Appl.Surf.Sci.358,231-239.
Quan,S.,Li,S.,Wang,Z.,Yan,X.,Guo,Z.,Shao,L.,2015.A bio-inspired CO2-philic network membrane for enhanced sustainable gas separation.J.Mater.Chem.A 3,13758-13766.
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