机车传动系统振动分析
|
摘要
随着机车速度的提高,对机车的运行安全性和稳定性提出了更高的要求。考虑不平衡质量、齿轮啮合刚度、轴承支撑刚度和轮轨接触的影响下,建立机车传动系统有限元单元动态模型。其次,采用迭代法,求取了临界转速值及振型响应。分析齿轮啮合刚度、轴承支撑刚度、轮轨接触力作用下,传动系统齿轮单元幅频响应变化。结果表明:复杂环境因素下,传动系统齿轮啮合频率及固有频率处,系统振动响应较大。轴承通过频率的振动响应微弱。轮轨接触刚度影响下,传动系统啮合频率、固有频率及轴承通过频率的振动响应受到极大干扰。
With the continuous improvement of locomotive speed, it has demanded higher requirement of the stability and operating safety. Firstly, taking into account the composite factors such as bear elastic-support and gear mesh stiffness. the dynamical model of Locomotive transmission Finite-element system is established based on Lagrange principle of minimum potential energy. Secondly, numerical solution of critical speed and modal response solved by iteration method. Finally, under the action of bear supporting stiffness, gear mesh stiffness and wheel-rail contact force, the amplitude-frequency response of rotor system are analysed qualitatively. The results show that when frequency was near to the gear mash frequency and natural frequency of the drive system, vibration amplitudes increased obviously with complex environment. In the meantime, the amplitude of the passing frequency of rolling bearing decreased. Moreover, under influence of the rail contact stiffness, vibration amplitude of associated with the gear mesh frequency, natural frequency and passing frequency of rolling bearing were disturbed.
With the continuous improvement of locomotive speed, it has demanded higher requirement of the stability and operating safety. Firstly, taking into account the composite factors such as bear elastic-support and gear mesh stiffness. the dynamical model of Locomotive transmission Finite-element system is established based on Lagrange principle of minimum potential energy. Secondly, numerical solution of critical speed and modal response solved by iteration method. Finally, under the action of bear supporting stiffness, gear mesh stiffness and wheel-rail contact force, the amplitude-frequency response of rotor system are analysed qualitatively. The results show that when frequency was near to the gear mash frequency and natural frequency of the drive system, vibration amplitudes increased obviously with complex environment. In the meantime, the amplitude of the passing frequency of rolling bearing decreased. Moreover, under influence of the rail contact stiffness, vibration amplitude of associated with the gear mesh frequency, natural frequency and passing frequency of rolling bearing were disturbed.
引文
[1]DIMENTBERG F M.Flexural vibration of rotating shafts[M].London:Butterworth,1961.
[2]SHAW J.Instabilities and bifurcations in a rotating shaft[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1989,132(4):227-244.
[3]AI Ming,WANG Xiaohan.Dynamic analysis and numerical experiments for balancing of the continuous single-disc and single-span rotor-bearing system[J].Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat,2011,112(6):566-582.
[4]NELSON H.finite rotating shaft element using Timoshenko beam theory[J].ASME,Mech.Design,1980,102(4):793-803.
[5]IWATSUBO T.Coupled lateral torsional vabration of rotor system trained by gears[J].Bull.Jpn.Soc.Mech.Eng.,1984,27(21):271-277.
[6]SMITADH.A state space viscoelastic shaft finite element for analysis of rotors[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,144(11):374-381
[7]欧卫林,王三民.齿轮耦合复杂转子系统弯扭耦合振动分析的轴单元法[J].航空动力学报,2005,3(20):43-46.OU Weilin,WANG Sanmin.Shaft element method for the analysis of lateral-torsional coupling vibration of a complex gear-rotor system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2005,3(20):43-46.
[8]DEBABRAT A.Whirl frequencies and critical speeds of a rotor-bearing system with a cracked functionally graded shaft–Finite element analysis[J].European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids,2017,12(16):47-58.
[9]ESHLEMAN R L,EUBANKS R A.On the critical speeds of a continuous rotor[J].ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry,1969,91(4):1180-1188.
[10]唐进元,陈思雨,钟掘.一种改进的齿轮非线性动力学模型[J].工程力学,2008,25(1):217-223.TANG Jinyuan,CHEN Siyu,ZHONG Jue.A improved nonlinear medel for a spur gear pair system[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(1):217-223.
[11]高洪波,李允公,刘杰.基于动态侧隙的齿轮系统齿面磨损故障动力学分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(18):221-226.GAO Hongbo,LI Yungong,LIU Jie.Dynamic analysis of a spur gear system with tooth-wear faults based on dynamic backlash[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(18):221-226.
[12]LUCZKO J.A geometrically non-linear model of rotating shafts with internal resonance and self-excited vibration,J.Sound of Vib.,2002(255):433-456.
[13]SHIAU T N,HWANG J L.Generalized polynomial expansion method for the dynamic analysis of rotor-bearing systems[J].ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 1993,20(115):209-217.
[14]PALAZZOLO A B,GUNTER E J.Model balancing of a multi-mass flexible rotor without trial weights[J].AMSE.2006,32(11):383-396.
[15]GENTA G,AMATI N.Hysteric damping in rotor dynamics:An equivalent formulation[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2010(329):4772-4784.
[16]JIN XUESONG.State-of-arts of mechanics of rolling contact and its application to analysis of the interactions between wheel and rail[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1998,5(6):25-38.
[2]SHAW J.Instabilities and bifurcations in a rotating shaft[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1989,132(4):227-244.
[3]AI Ming,WANG Xiaohan.Dynamic analysis and numerical experiments for balancing of the continuous single-disc and single-span rotor-bearing system[J].Commun Nonlinear Sci Numer Simulat,2011,112(6):566-582.
[4]NELSON H.finite rotating shaft element using Timoshenko beam theory[J].ASME,Mech.Design,1980,102(4):793-803.
[5]IWATSUBO T.Coupled lateral torsional vabration of rotor system trained by gears[J].Bull.Jpn.Soc.Mech.Eng.,1984,27(21):271-277.
[6]SMITADH.A state space viscoelastic shaft finite element for analysis of rotors[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,144(11):374-381
[7]欧卫林,王三民.齿轮耦合复杂转子系统弯扭耦合振动分析的轴单元法[J].航空动力学报,2005,3(20):43-46.OU Weilin,WANG Sanmin.Shaft element method for the analysis of lateral-torsional coupling vibration of a complex gear-rotor system[J].Journal of Aerospace Power,2005,3(20):43-46.
[8]DEBABRAT A.Whirl frequencies and critical speeds of a rotor-bearing system with a cracked functionally graded shaft–Finite element analysis[J].European Journal of Mechanics-A/Solids,2017,12(16):47-58.
[9]ESHLEMAN R L,EUBANKS R A.On the critical speeds of a continuous rotor[J].ASME Journal of Engineering for Industry,1969,91(4):1180-1188.
[10]唐进元,陈思雨,钟掘.一种改进的齿轮非线性动力学模型[J].工程力学,2008,25(1):217-223.TANG Jinyuan,CHEN Siyu,ZHONG Jue.A improved nonlinear medel for a spur gear pair system[J].Engineering Mechanics,2008,25(1):217-223.
[11]高洪波,李允公,刘杰.基于动态侧隙的齿轮系统齿面磨损故障动力学分析[J].振动与冲击,2014,33(18):221-226.GAO Hongbo,LI Yungong,LIU Jie.Dynamic analysis of a spur gear system with tooth-wear faults based on dynamic backlash[J].Journal of vibration and shock,2014,33(18):221-226.
[12]LUCZKO J.A geometrically non-linear model of rotating shafts with internal resonance and self-excited vibration,J.Sound of Vib.,2002(255):433-456.
[13]SHIAU T N,HWANG J L.Generalized polynomial expansion method for the dynamic analysis of rotor-bearing systems[J].ASME Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 1993,20(115):209-217.
[14]PALAZZOLO A B,GUNTER E J.Model balancing of a multi-mass flexible rotor without trial weights[J].AMSE.2006,32(11):383-396.
[15]GENTA G,AMATI N.Hysteric damping in rotor dynamics:An equivalent formulation[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2010(329):4772-4784.
[16]JIN XUESONG.State-of-arts of mechanics of rolling contact and its application to analysis of the interactions between wheel and rail[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,1998,5(6):25-38.