不同配套栽培措施对商薯9号产量及杂草防控的影响
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摘要
为探究除草剂和地膜覆盖配套栽培对甘薯生长发育和杂草防控的影响,采用田间试验的方法,研究不同除草剂和地膜覆盖对甘薯田间杂草防控和产量的影响。结果表明,与不施除草剂、无地膜覆盖处理相比,除草剂和地膜覆盖配套栽培对甘薯田间杂草防控、农艺性状和经济性状均有一定的积极效应,而在不同除草剂和地膜覆盖处理中,50%乙草胺乳油×黑色地膜处理对杂草株防效和鲜重防效最好,33%二甲戊乐灵乳油配套透明地膜或黑色地膜对杂草株防效和鲜重防效均最低,33%二甲戊乐灵乳油除草效果不佳;50%乙草胺乳油×透明地膜处理薯块干物率最高,蔓茎干物率、T/R值最低;96%精异丙甲草胺乳油×透明地膜处理鲜薯产量、薯干产量及商品薯率最高;除草剂与地膜覆盖对甘薯杂草防控、农艺性状和经济性状有极显著的互作效应;综合杂草防控、薯块品质等因素,生产上应选用96%精异丙甲草胺乳油和透明地膜配套栽培较为适宜。研究结果为商薯9号杂草防控提供了科学依据。
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different herbicides and plastic film mulching on the weeds control and yield of sweet potato. The results showed that the herbicides and plastic film mulching had positive effects on the weeds control, agronomic and economic characters of sweet potato. In the different treatments of the herbicides and plastic film mulching, the 50% acetochlor EC×black membrane treatment had the best effectiveness on the weeds control of sweet potato plant; and fresh weight of the 33% pendimethalin EC×black membrane or transparent membrane treatment had the worst effectiveness on the weeds control; and fresh weight of the 33% pendimethalin EC was not effective on the weeds control. The dry matter rate of sweet potato of the 50%acetochlor EC×transparent membrane treatment was the highest, the dry matter rate of the stem and the T/R value were the lowest. The yield of fresh and dry sweet potato and the rate of commercial potato of the 96% methoprolopamide EC×black membrane treatment were the highest. In addition, the herbicide and film mulching had an extremely significant interaction on the weeds control, economy and agronomic characters of sweet potato. Considering the weed control and commodity value factors, the treatment of 96% methoprolopamide EC×black film is more suitable measure for production. The research results can provide the scientific basis for the weeds control of Shangshu 9.
Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different herbicides and plastic film mulching on the weeds control and yield of sweet potato. The results showed that the herbicides and plastic film mulching had positive effects on the weeds control, agronomic and economic characters of sweet potato. In the different treatments of the herbicides and plastic film mulching, the 50% acetochlor EC×black membrane treatment had the best effectiveness on the weeds control of sweet potato plant; and fresh weight of the 33% pendimethalin EC×black membrane or transparent membrane treatment had the worst effectiveness on the weeds control; and fresh weight of the 33% pendimethalin EC was not effective on the weeds control. The dry matter rate of sweet potato of the 50%acetochlor EC×transparent membrane treatment was the highest, the dry matter rate of the stem and the T/R value were the lowest. The yield of fresh and dry sweet potato and the rate of commercial potato of the 96% methoprolopamide EC×black membrane treatment were the highest. In addition, the herbicide and film mulching had an extremely significant interaction on the weeds control, economy and agronomic characters of sweet potato. Considering the weed control and commodity value factors, the treatment of 96% methoprolopamide EC×black film is more suitable measure for production. The research results can provide the scientific basis for the weeds control of Shangshu 9.
引文
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[15]张勇,路兴涛,刘震,等.精喹禾灵等药剂除草活性及对甘薯的安全性.农药,2012,51(6):457-460.
[16]雷剑,杨新笋,苏文瑾,等.不同除草剂防治甘薯田杂草药效试验.湖北农业科学,2012,51(24):5856-5857.
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[18]王子文,王建平,王贵启,等.不同除草剂对甘薯田杂草的效果及安全性比较.杂草科学,2015,33(3):42-45.
[19]李云,宋吉轩,李丽,等.不同除草剂对甘薯田间杂草的防效研究.园艺与种苗,2012(9):41-43,49.
[20]李贵,王一专,吴竞仑.甘薯田杂草的防除策略.杂草科学,2010(4):15-18.
[2]秦素研,黄立飞,葛昌斌,等.河南省甘薯茎腐病的分离与鉴定.作物杂志,2013(6):52-55,157.
[3]蒋汇川,韦鹏练,李宁,等.木薯茎秆纤维形态和化学成分的初步研究.热带作物学报,2015,36(6):1186-1190.
[4]杨爱梅.甘薯高淀粉育种途径的探讨.杂粮作物,2009,29(1):18-20.
[5]范建芝,段成鼎,井水华,等.除草剂配合地膜覆盖对甘薯田杂草防除及增产的效果.杂草学报,2016,34(1):61-64.
[6]井水华.鲁南丘陵旱薄地甘薯高产高效栽培技术研究.泰安:山东农业大学,2016.
[7]辛国胜,林祖军,韩俊杰,等.黑色地膜对甘薯生理特性及产量的影响.中国农学通报,2010,26(15):233-237.
[8]李倩,张聪,吴洁,等.甘薯对潮霉素及除草剂的敏感性研究.西南农业学报,2013,26(5):1870-1872.
[9]段成鼎,范建芝,杨淑娟,等. 3种除草剂对甘薯田杂草的田间防效试验.杂草科学,2014,32(2):52-55.
[10]邱思鑫,刘中华,余华,等.甘薯田间杂草安全高效除草剂的筛选.福建农业学报,2018,33(2):171-176.
[11]胡启国,王文静,储凤丽,等.旱薄地甘薯除草剂与地膜覆盖配套栽培效应探讨.中国农学通报,2018,34(16):126-130.
[12]江燕,史春余,王振振,等.地膜覆盖对耕层土壤温度水分和甘薯产量的影响.中国生态农业学报,2014,22(6):627-634.
[13]张勇.泰安市甘薯田化学除草技术研究.泰安:山东农业大学,2011.
[14]杨育峰,李君霞,代小冬,等. 5种除草剂对甘薯田间杂草的防除效果.河南农业科学,2013,42(7):88-90.
[15]张勇,路兴涛,刘震,等.精喹禾灵等药剂除草活性及对甘薯的安全性.农药,2012,51(6):457-460.
[16]雷剑,杨新笋,苏文瑾,等.不同除草剂防治甘薯田杂草药效试验.湖北农业科学,2012,51(24):5856-5857.
[17]李艳霞,范建芝,王春兰,等.两种除草剂防除甘薯田杂草药效试验.山东农业科学,2010(4):65-66.
[18]王子文,王建平,王贵启,等.不同除草剂对甘薯田杂草的效果及安全性比较.杂草科学,2015,33(3):42-45.
[19]李云,宋吉轩,李丽,等.不同除草剂对甘薯田间杂草的防效研究.园艺与种苗,2012(9):41-43,49.
[20]李贵,王一专,吴竞仑.甘薯田杂草的防除策略.杂草科学,2010(4):15-18.