高等植物CCD亚家族基因研究进展
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摘要
类胡萝卜素是植物中一类重要的色素群,经类胡萝卜素裂解双加氧酶(carotenoid cleavage dixoygenases, CCDs)或非酶作用合成的阿朴类胡萝卜素及其衍生物在植物中可以作为着色剂、植物激素、芳香物质和信号物质。CCD基因家族包括CCD和NCED两个亚家族。到目前为止,植物中克隆得到的CCD亚基因家族成员有5个,包括CCD1、CCD2、CCD4、CCD7和CCD8;其中CCD1和CCD4参与了多种植物花、果实的着色及其香气物质(如α-紫罗酮、β-紫罗酮)的形成;CCD2仅在藏红花属(Crocus)植物中发现,参与藏红花属植物的花香和花色物质(如藏花酸)的形成;CCD7和CCD8参与激素独脚金内酯的合成。本文概述了高等植物中各类CCD亚家族基因成员的结构、表达特性和功能等,并展望了进一步的研究方向和重点,以期为该基因家族功能研究和今后的应用提供参考。
Carotenoids are one of the most important pigments in plants, apocarotenoids from carotenoids via carotenoids cleavage dioxygenases(CCDs) or non-enzyme pathway and their derivatives play an important role in plants as pigment, plant hormone, volatiles and signals. CCD family consists of two subfamilies: CCD and NCED. To date, five members in CCD subfamily including CCD1, CCD2, CCD4, CCD7 and CCD8 have been cloned from higher plants. It has been proved that CCD1 and CCD4 play important role in color and volatiles(eg, α-ionone and β-ionone) formation of flowers and fruits in plants. CCD2 was only found in Crocus plants, which was involved in the formation of aroma and pigments(eg, crocetin). CCD7 and CCD8 were involved in formation of strigolactone. In this paper, in order to provide references for the functional research and future application of CCD subfamily genes, the structure, expression patterns and functions of various members of CCD subfamily genes in higher plants are summarized, and further research directions and keynote are prospected.
Carotenoids are one of the most important pigments in plants, apocarotenoids from carotenoids via carotenoids cleavage dioxygenases(CCDs) or non-enzyme pathway and their derivatives play an important role in plants as pigment, plant hormone, volatiles and signals. CCD family consists of two subfamilies: CCD and NCED. To date, five members in CCD subfamily including CCD1, CCD2, CCD4, CCD7 and CCD8 have been cloned from higher plants. It has been proved that CCD1 and CCD4 play important role in color and volatiles(eg, α-ionone and β-ionone) formation of flowers and fruits in plants. CCD2 was only found in Crocus plants, which was involved in the formation of aroma and pigments(eg, crocetin). CCD7 and CCD8 were involved in formation of strigolactone. In this paper, in order to provide references for the functional research and future application of CCD subfamily genes, the structure, expression patterns and functions of various members of CCD subfamily genes in higher plants are summarized, and further research directions and keynote are prospected.
引文
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Gao J,Zhang T,Xu B,et al.2018.CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 8(CCD8)in tobacco affects shoot and root architecture[J].International Journal of Molecular Sciences,19:1062.
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Han Y,Wang X,Chen W,et al.2014.Differential expression of carotenoid-related genes determines diversified carotenoid coloration in flower petal of Osmanthus fragrans[J].Tree Genetics&Genomes,10:329-338.
Hou X,Rivers J,Le N P,et al.2016.Synthesis and function of apocarotenoid signals in plants[J].Trends in Plant Science,21:792-803.
Huang F C,Horvath G,Molnar P,et al.2009a.Substrate promiscuity of RdCCD1,a carotenoid cleavage oxygenase from Rosa damascena[J].Phytochemistry,70:457-464.
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Ilg A,Beter P,Al-Babili S.2009.Characterization of the rice carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 reveals a novel route for geranial biosynthesis[J].FEBS Journal,276:736-747.
Ilg A,Bruno M,Beyer P,et al.2014.Tomato carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases 1A and 1B:Relaxed double bond specificity leads to a plenitude of dialdehydes,mono-apocarotenoids and isoprenoid volatiles[J].FEBS Open Bio,4:584-593.
Ilg A,Yu Q,Schaub P,et al.2010.Overexpression of the rice carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 gene in Golden Rice endosperm suggests apocarotenoids as substrates in planta[J].Planta,232:691-699.
Ji A,Jia J,Xu Z,et al.2017.Transcriptome-guided mining of genes involved in crocin biosynthesis[J].Frontiers in Plant Science,8:518.
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