近距离巨厚坚硬岩层破断结构及分区控制
|
摘要
为实现近距离巨厚坚硬岩层下厚煤层的安全高效开采,根据朱仙庄煤矿北翼采区煤岩赋存特征和工作面生产技术条件,建立了厚硬岩层下开采三维模型,分析了厚硬岩层厚度和直接顶充填系数对厚硬岩层稳定性的影响规律,采用理论分析研究不同回采分区条件下的支架-围岩相互作用特征。研究发现厚硬岩层厚度影响破断块体尺寸和力学结构形成,直接顶充填系数影响断裂块体下沉空间、破断位置和破断尺寸;根据矿压显现程度和顶板控制难易程度,把回采区域划分为顶板强烈来压区、顶板较强烈来压区和顶板来压不明显区,并提出厚硬岩层下煤层开采岩层分区控制的原则和方法。
To study safe efficient mining of thick coal seam under close super thick and hard rock(THR), a three-dimensional mining model under THR was established based on related data of the north-wing mining area in Zhuxianzhuang coalmine. Influences of THR thickness and immediate roof filling coefficient(IRFC) on THR stability was analyzed. Meanwhile, theoretical analysis was conducted on interaction characteristics of support and surrounding rock in different mining zones. It is found that THR thickness affects the size and mechanical structure of fractured block. While the IRFC determines sinking space, breaking position and size of fractured block. Based on strata behaviors and roof control difficulty, the mining area was further divided into three zones, i.e. strong strata behaviors zone,less-strong strata behaviors zone and strata behaviors mitigation zone. Finally, the corresponding rock zonal control principles and methods were proposed for each zone.
To study safe efficient mining of thick coal seam under close super thick and hard rock(THR), a three-dimensional mining model under THR was established based on related data of the north-wing mining area in Zhuxianzhuang coalmine. Influences of THR thickness and immediate roof filling coefficient(IRFC) on THR stability was analyzed. Meanwhile, theoretical analysis was conducted on interaction characteristics of support and surrounding rock in different mining zones. It is found that THR thickness affects the size and mechanical structure of fractured block. While the IRFC determines sinking space, breaking position and size of fractured block. Based on strata behaviors and roof control difficulty, the mining area was further divided into three zones, i.e. strong strata behaviors zone,less-strong strata behaviors zone and strata behaviors mitigation zone. Finally, the corresponding rock zonal control principles and methods were proposed for each zone.
引文
[1]蒋金泉,代进,王普,等.上覆硬厚岩层破断运动及断顶控制[J].岩土力学,2014,35(增刊1):264-270.JIANG Jinquan,DAI Jin,WANG Pu,et al.Overlying hard and thick strata breaking movement and broken-roof control[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(Sup 1):264-270.
[2]程占博,孔德中,杨敬虎.综放工作面厚硬顶板破断特征与支架工作阻力确定[J].矿业科学学报,2016,1(2):172-180.CHENG Zhanbo,KONG Dezhong,YANG Jinghu.The breaking characteristics of thick-hard roof and determination of support capacity in fully mechanized caving face[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(2):172-180.
[3]张培鹏,蒋力帅,刘绪峰,等.高位硬厚岩层采动覆岩结构演化特征及致灾规律[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(5):852-860.ZHANG Peipeng,JIANG Lishuai,LIU Xufeng,et al.Mining-induced overlying strata structure evolution characteristics and disaster-triggering under high level hard thick strata[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(5):852-860.
[4]GU Shitan,JIANG Bangyou,PAN Yue,et al.Bending moment characteristics of hard roof before first breaking of roof beam considering coal seam hardening[J].Shock and Vibration,2018(2018):1-22.
[5]杨敬轩,鲁岩,刘长友,等.坚硬厚层顶板条件下岩层破断及工作面矿压显现特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(2):211-217.YANG Jingxuan,LU Yan,LIU Changyou,et al.Analysis on the rock failure and strata behavior characteristics under the condition of hard and thick roof[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(2):211-217.
[6]ZHAO Tong,LIU Changyou,YETILMEZSOY Kaan,et al.Realization and engineering application of hydraulic support optimization in residual coal remining[J].Journal of Intelligent&Fuzzy Systems,2017,32:2207-2219.
[7]蒋金泉,张培鹏,聂礼生,等.高位硬厚岩层破断规律及其动力响应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(7):1365-1374.JIANG Jinquan,ZHANG Peipeng,NIE Lisheng,et al.Fracturing and dynamic response of high and thick stratas of hard rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(7):1365-1374.
[8]祝捷,张敏,唐俊,等.顶板断裂瞬间煤体稳定性的动力学分析及数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):253-257.ZHU Jie,ZHANG Min,TANG Jun,et al.Dynamics analysis and numerical simulation on coal stability at the moment of roof fracture[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):253-257.
[9]于斌,杨敬轩,高瑞.大同矿区双系煤层开采远近场协同控顶机理与技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(3):486-493.YU Bin,YANG Jingxuan,GAO Rui.Mechanism and technology of roof collaborative controlling in the process of Jurassic and carboniferous coal mining in Datong mining area[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2018,47(3):486-493.
[10]李化敏,蒋东杰,李东印.特厚煤层大采高综放工作面矿压及顶板破断特征[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(10):1956-1960.LI Huamin,JIANG Dongjie,LI Dongyin.Analysis of ground pressure and roof movement in fully-mechanized top coal caving with large mining height in ultra-thick seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(10):1956-1960.
[11]潘俊锋,齐庆新,毛德兵,等.冲击性顶板运动及其应力演化特征的3DEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3546-3552.PAN Junfeng,QI Qingxin,MAO Debing,et al.Study on movement and stress evolutionary process of impacted roof with 3DEC[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Sup 1):3546-3552.
[12]郝金鹏.陈家沟煤矿特厚煤层综放采场矿压特征及顶煤冒放性研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[13]曹胜根,姜海军,王福海,等.采场上覆坚硬岩层破断的数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(2):205-210.CAO Shenggen,JIANG Haijun,WANG Fuhai,et al.Numerical simulation of overlying hard strata rupture in a coal face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(2):205-210.
[14]ZHAO Tong,LIU Changyou,YETILMEZSOY Kaan,et al.Fractural structure of thick hard roof stratum using long beam theory and numerical modeling[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(21):751-764.
[15]LIU Changyou,YANG Jingxuan,YU Bin.Rock-breaking mechanism and experimental analysis of confined blasting of borehole surrounding rock[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,27(5):795-801.
[16]杨敬轩,刘长友,于斌.围岩孔裂隙充水承压爆破过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):1024-1032.YANG Jingxuan,LIU Changyou,YU Bin.Blasting process analysis of confined water filled in surrounding rock pores and fissures[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(5):1024-1032.
[17]HE Hu,DOU Linming,FAN Jun,et al.Deep-hole directional fracturing of thick hard roof for rockburst prevention[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2012,32:34-43.
[2]程占博,孔德中,杨敬虎.综放工作面厚硬顶板破断特征与支架工作阻力确定[J].矿业科学学报,2016,1(2):172-180.CHENG Zhanbo,KONG Dezhong,YANG Jinghu.The breaking characteristics of thick-hard roof and determination of support capacity in fully mechanized caving face[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2016,1(2):172-180.
[3]张培鹏,蒋力帅,刘绪峰,等.高位硬厚岩层采动覆岩结构演化特征及致灾规律[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2017,34(5):852-860.ZHANG Peipeng,JIANG Lishuai,LIU Xufeng,et al.Mining-induced overlying strata structure evolution characteristics and disaster-triggering under high level hard thick strata[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2017,34(5):852-860.
[4]GU Shitan,JIANG Bangyou,PAN Yue,et al.Bending moment characteristics of hard roof before first breaking of roof beam considering coal seam hardening[J].Shock and Vibration,2018(2018):1-22.
[5]杨敬轩,鲁岩,刘长友,等.坚硬厚层顶板条件下岩层破断及工作面矿压显现特征分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(2):211-217.YANG Jingxuan,LU Yan,LIU Changyou,et al.Analysis on the rock failure and strata behavior characteristics under the condition of hard and thick roof[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(2):211-217.
[6]ZHAO Tong,LIU Changyou,YETILMEZSOY Kaan,et al.Realization and engineering application of hydraulic support optimization in residual coal remining[J].Journal of Intelligent&Fuzzy Systems,2017,32:2207-2219.
[7]蒋金泉,张培鹏,聂礼生,等.高位硬厚岩层破断规律及其动力响应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(7):1365-1374.JIANG Jinquan,ZHANG Peipeng,NIE Lisheng,et al.Fracturing and dynamic response of high and thick stratas of hard rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(7):1365-1374.
[8]祝捷,张敏,唐俊,等.顶板断裂瞬间煤体稳定性的动力学分析及数值模拟[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(2):253-257.ZHU Jie,ZHANG Min,TANG Jun,et al.Dynamics analysis and numerical simulation on coal stability at the moment of roof fracture[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(2):253-257.
[9]于斌,杨敬轩,高瑞.大同矿区双系煤层开采远近场协同控顶机理与技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(3):486-493.YU Bin,YANG Jingxuan,GAO Rui.Mechanism and technology of roof collaborative controlling in the process of Jurassic and carboniferous coal mining in Datong mining area[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2018,47(3):486-493.
[10]李化敏,蒋东杰,李东印.特厚煤层大采高综放工作面矿压及顶板破断特征[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(10):1956-1960.LI Huamin,JIANG Dongjie,LI Dongyin.Analysis of ground pressure and roof movement in fully-mechanized top coal caving with large mining height in ultra-thick seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(10):1956-1960.
[11]潘俊锋,齐庆新,毛德兵,等.冲击性顶板运动及其应力演化特征的3DEC模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(增刊1):3546-3552.PAN Junfeng,QI Qingxin,MAO Debing,et al.Study on movement and stress evolutionary process of impacted roof with 3DEC[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(Sup 1):3546-3552.
[12]郝金鹏.陈家沟煤矿特厚煤层综放采场矿压特征及顶煤冒放性研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,2016.
[13]曹胜根,姜海军,王福海,等.采场上覆坚硬岩层破断的数值模拟研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(2):205-210.CAO Shenggen,JIANG Haijun,WANG Fuhai,et al.Numerical simulation of overlying hard strata rupture in a coal face[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(2):205-210.
[14]ZHAO Tong,LIU Changyou,YETILMEZSOY Kaan,et al.Fractural structure of thick hard roof stratum using long beam theory and numerical modeling[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2017,76(21):751-764.
[15]LIU Changyou,YANG Jingxuan,YU Bin.Rock-breaking mechanism and experimental analysis of confined blasting of borehole surrounding rock[J].International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2017,27(5):795-801.
[16]杨敬轩,刘长友,于斌.围岩孔裂隙充水承压爆破过程分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):1024-1032.YANG Jingxuan,LIU Changyou,YU Bin.Blasting process analysis of confined water filled in surrounding rock pores and fissures[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2017,46(5):1024-1032.
[17]HE Hu,DOU Linming,FAN Jun,et al.Deep-hole directional fracturing of thick hard roof for rockburst prevention[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2012,32:34-43.