基于学习者动机的成人自主学习能力研究——以Future Learn学习过程的因素分析为例
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摘要
自主学习是大规模在线课程学习过程中的一种基本行为能力,学习动机是发起自主学习能力的重要条件。本研究以英国开放大学Inge de Waard在Future Learn平台上针对学习者学习全过程开展的实验研究为背景,将自主学习过程中学习者的学习动机与学习特点相融合进行分析,通过激励学习者的内在学习动机完成在线学习的整个过程,为课程负责人、平台开发者以及学习者了解并提高在线学习过程中的学习体验提供参照指标与建议。
Self-directed learning is a basic behavioral ability in the learning process of massive online courses, and learning motivation is an important condition for the initiation of self-directed learning ability. This study introduces an experimental study from the Open University of the United Kingdom, conducted by Inge de Waard on Future Learning platform for the entire learning process of learners. Viewing above as a background, this study puts the self-directed learning in the process of learners' learning motivation and learning characteristics together to carry on the analysis by encouraging learners' intrinsic motivation to complete the whole process of online learning, and hopes to provide references and suggestions for course directors, learning platform developers and learners to understand the platform and improve the learning experience.
Self-directed learning is a basic behavioral ability in the learning process of massive online courses, and learning motivation is an important condition for the initiation of self-directed learning ability. This study introduces an experimental study from the Open University of the United Kingdom, conducted by Inge de Waard on Future Learning platform for the entire learning process of learners. Viewing above as a background, this study puts the self-directed learning in the process of learners' learning motivation and learning characteristics together to carry on the analysis by encouraging learners' intrinsic motivation to complete the whole process of online learning, and hopes to provide references and suggestions for course directors, learning platform developers and learners to understand the platform and improve the learning experience.
引文
[1]李林曙,高洁,付建军.非正式学习成果认证的原则与方法研究[J].天津电大学报,2013(2):7-11.
[2]赵宏,陈丽,郑勤华,张善实.成人远程学习者自主学习能力培养的教学模式探究[J].中国电化教育,2014(329):37-48.
[3]Conole,G.MOOCs as disruptive technologies:strategies for enhancing the learner experience and quality of MOOCs[DB/OL].[2016-07-06].http://www.um.es/ead/red/39/,2013.
[4]De Waard,I.Analyzing the Impact of Mobile Access on Learner Interactions in a MOOC[D].https://dt.athabascau.ca/jspui/bitstream/10791/23/1/Master%20thesis%20Inge%20de%20Waard%20MEd%20publication%20final%20reviewed.pdf,2013.
[5]De Waard,I.Self-Directed Learning of Experienced Adult Online Learners Enrolled in Future Learn MOOCs[D].UK:The Open University,2016.
[6]Ferguson,R.&Sharples,M.Innovative pedagogy at massive scale:teaching and learning in MOOCs.In:9th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning(EC-TEL 2014):Open Learning and Teaching in Educational Communities[C].Austria:Springer International Publishing,2014:98-111.
[7]Garrison,D.R.Self-directed learning:Toward a comprehensive model[J].Adult Education Quarterly,1997,48(1):18-33.
[8]Garrison,D.R.Self-directed learning and distance education.In M.G.Moore&W.Anderson(Eds.),Handbook of Distance Education,2003:161-168.
[9]Knowles,M.S.Self-directed learning[M].New York:Association Press,1975.
[10]Merriam,S.B.Andragogy and self-directed learning:Pillars of adult learning theory.New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education,2001(89):3-14.
[11]Kop,R.,&Fournier,H.New dimensions to self-directed learning in an open networked learning environment[J].International Journal of Self-Directed Learning,2011,7(2):1-20.
[12]Merriam,S.B.,&Kee,Y.Promoting community wellbeing:The case for lifelong learning for older adults[J].A-dult Education Quarterly,2014,64(2):128-144.
[13]Milligan,C.,&Littlejohn,A.Supporting professional learning in a massive open online course[J].The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,2014(5):15.
[14]Morris,N.P.How digital technologies,blended learning and MOOCs will impact the future of Higher Education.e Learning,15-18 July 2014,Lisbon,Portugal,2014.
[15]Sampson,D.,&Karagiannidis,C.Personalised learning:Educational,technological and standardisation perspective[J].Interactive Educational Multimedia,2010(4):24-39.
[16]Schugurensky,D.The forms of informal learning.Towards a conceptualization of the field.http://hdl.handle.net/1807/2733,2000.
[17]Song,L.,Hill,J.R.A conceptual model for understanding self-directed learning in online environments[J].Journal of Interactive Online Learning,2007,6(1):27-42.
[18]Tough,A.M..Adults'learning projects:A fresh approach to theory and practice in adult education.http://www.allentough.com/books/alp.htm,1971.
[19]Veletsianos,G.,Shepherdson,P.A Systematic Analysis and Synthesis of the Empirical MOOC Literature[J].The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,2016,17(2).
[2]赵宏,陈丽,郑勤华,张善实.成人远程学习者自主学习能力培养的教学模式探究[J].中国电化教育,2014(329):37-48.
[3]Conole,G.MOOCs as disruptive technologies:strategies for enhancing the learner experience and quality of MOOCs[DB/OL].[2016-07-06].http://www.um.es/ead/red/39/,2013.
[4]De Waard,I.Analyzing the Impact of Mobile Access on Learner Interactions in a MOOC[D].https://dt.athabascau.ca/jspui/bitstream/10791/23/1/Master%20thesis%20Inge%20de%20Waard%20MEd%20publication%20final%20reviewed.pdf,2013.
[5]De Waard,I.Self-Directed Learning of Experienced Adult Online Learners Enrolled in Future Learn MOOCs[D].UK:The Open University,2016.
[6]Ferguson,R.&Sharples,M.Innovative pedagogy at massive scale:teaching and learning in MOOCs.In:9th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning(EC-TEL 2014):Open Learning and Teaching in Educational Communities[C].Austria:Springer International Publishing,2014:98-111.
[7]Garrison,D.R.Self-directed learning:Toward a comprehensive model[J].Adult Education Quarterly,1997,48(1):18-33.
[8]Garrison,D.R.Self-directed learning and distance education.In M.G.Moore&W.Anderson(Eds.),Handbook of Distance Education,2003:161-168.
[9]Knowles,M.S.Self-directed learning[M].New York:Association Press,1975.
[10]Merriam,S.B.Andragogy and self-directed learning:Pillars of adult learning theory.New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education,2001(89):3-14.
[11]Kop,R.,&Fournier,H.New dimensions to self-directed learning in an open networked learning environment[J].International Journal of Self-Directed Learning,2011,7(2):1-20.
[12]Merriam,S.B.,&Kee,Y.Promoting community wellbeing:The case for lifelong learning for older adults[J].A-dult Education Quarterly,2014,64(2):128-144.
[13]Milligan,C.,&Littlejohn,A.Supporting professional learning in a massive open online course[J].The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,2014(5):15.
[14]Morris,N.P.How digital technologies,blended learning and MOOCs will impact the future of Higher Education.e Learning,15-18 July 2014,Lisbon,Portugal,2014.
[15]Sampson,D.,&Karagiannidis,C.Personalised learning:Educational,technological and standardisation perspective[J].Interactive Educational Multimedia,2010(4):24-39.
[16]Schugurensky,D.The forms of informal learning.Towards a conceptualization of the field.http://hdl.handle.net/1807/2733,2000.
[17]Song,L.,Hill,J.R.A conceptual model for understanding self-directed learning in online environments[J].Journal of Interactive Online Learning,2007,6(1):27-42.
[18]Tough,A.M..Adults'learning projects:A fresh approach to theory and practice in adult education.http://www.allentough.com/books/alp.htm,1971.
[19]Veletsianos,G.,Shepherdson,P.A Systematic Analysis and Synthesis of the Empirical MOOC Literature[J].The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning,2016,17(2).