直流电场下C_4F_7N/CO_2与SF_6/N_2混合气体中铝质球形自由微粒放电敏感度对比分析
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摘要
直流气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路(GIL)充SF_6混合气体或SF_6替代气体时,其绝缘性能将受到自由金属微粒的影响。本文重点针对C_4F_7N/CO_2以及SF_6/N_2混合气体,开展绝缘强度的影响分析。选用的实验气体组份为:C_4F_7N/CO_2(4%/96%)、SF_6/N_2(其中SF_6比例分别为20%、30%、50%和70%)以及纯SF_6气体,在球-碗电极直流电场下,开展微粒影响下的气隙击穿实验。提出微粒放电敏感度(DSP)的概念及定义,用以评估不同组分气体绝缘强度对金属微粒导致的局部电场强度剧变的敏感程度。实验结果表明,在0.1~0.5MPa气压范围内,不存在微粒时,4%C_4F_7N/96%CO_2绝缘强度与30%SF_6/70%N2混合气体相当;存在微粒影响时,4%C_4F_7N/96%CO_2混合气体的DSP值低于30%SF_6/70%N2混合气体的,而高于20%SF_6/80%N2混合气体的,且放电电流呈现双峰值特征。C_4F_7N/CO_2混合气体具有绝缘强度高、对微粒放电敏感度低的特性,这与C_4F_7N具有强电负性和高吸附系数有关。本文还结合微粒运动触发放电的物理模型,阐明了气隙击穿电流出现双峰特征的原因。
The electrical performance of DC gas insulation transmission line(GIL) using SF_6 gas mixture or alternative gas as insulation medium will be deteriorated by free metal particles. The analysis of the factor affecting the insulation strength of SF_6/N_2 and C_4F_7 N/CO_2 gas mixtures is mainly performed in this paper. The breakdown experiments with particle were conducted with the ball-bowl electrode under the DC electric field, which included different gas compositions such as C_4F_7 N/CO_2(4%/96%) gas mixture, SF_6/N_2(volume ratio of SF_6 includes: 20%, 30%, 50%, and 70%, respectively) gas mixtures and pure SF_6 gas. The concept of Discharge Sensitivity by Particles(DSP) was proposed to evaluate the sensitivity of the insulation strength of different compositions gas to the electric field distortion caused by metal particles. The experiment results show that in the pressure range of 0.1 to 0.5 MPa, the dielectric strength of 4%C_4F_7 N/96%CO2 is equivalent to that of 30%SF_6/70%N2 in the absence of particle, while due to the presence of particles, the DSP of 4%C_4F_7 N/96%CO2 gas mixture is higher than that of 20%SF_6/80%N2 gas mixture and lower than that of 30%SF_6/70%N2 gas mixture, accompanied by the appearance of discharge current of double peak. The high dielectric strength and low sensitivity to particle discharge of C_4F_7 N/CO2 gas mixture is closely related to the strong electronegativity and high attachment coefficient of C_4F_7 N. Combined with the physical model of moving particle-triggered discharge, the emergence of the double peak characteristics of gap breakdown current is also elaborated in this paper.
The electrical performance of DC gas insulation transmission line(GIL) using SF_6 gas mixture or alternative gas as insulation medium will be deteriorated by free metal particles. The analysis of the factor affecting the insulation strength of SF_6/N_2 and C_4F_7 N/CO_2 gas mixtures is mainly performed in this paper. The breakdown experiments with particle were conducted with the ball-bowl electrode under the DC electric field, which included different gas compositions such as C_4F_7 N/CO_2(4%/96%) gas mixture, SF_6/N_2(volume ratio of SF_6 includes: 20%, 30%, 50%, and 70%, respectively) gas mixtures and pure SF_6 gas. The concept of Discharge Sensitivity by Particles(DSP) was proposed to evaluate the sensitivity of the insulation strength of different compositions gas to the electric field distortion caused by metal particles. The experiment results show that in the pressure range of 0.1 to 0.5 MPa, the dielectric strength of 4%C_4F_7 N/96%CO2 is equivalent to that of 30%SF_6/70%N2 in the absence of particle, while due to the presence of particles, the DSP of 4%C_4F_7 N/96%CO2 gas mixture is higher than that of 20%SF_6/80%N2 gas mixture and lower than that of 30%SF_6/70%N2 gas mixture, accompanied by the appearance of discharge current of double peak. The high dielectric strength and low sensitivity to particle discharge of C_4F_7 N/CO2 gas mixture is closely related to the strong electronegativity and high attachment coefficient of C_4F_7 N. Combined with the physical model of moving particle-triggered discharge, the emergence of the double peak characteristics of gap breakdown current is also elaborated in this paper.
引文
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[3]张晓星,田双双,肖淞,等.SF6替代气体研究现状综述[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(12):2883-2893.Zhang Xiaoxing,Tian Shuangshuang,Xiao Song,et al.A review study of SF6 substitute gases[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(12):2883-2893.
[4]李鑫涛,林莘,徐建源,等.SF6/N2混合气体电击穿特性仿真及实验[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(20):42-52.Li Xintao,Lin Xin,Xu Jianyuan,et al.Simulations and experiments of dielectric breakdown characteristics in SF6/N2 gas mixtures[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(20):42-52.
[5]邓云坤,马仪,赵谡,等.基于电子输运参数的CF3I及CF3I-N2混合气体绝缘性能分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(7):1641-1651.Deng Yunkun,Ma Yi,Zhao Su,et al.Analysis of the insulation properties of CF3I and CF3I-N2 gas mixtures from electron transport parameters[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(7):1641-1651.
[6]颜湘莲,王承玉,季严松,等.气体绝缘设备中SF6气体分解产物与设备故障关系的建模[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(22):231-238.Yan Xianglian,Wang Chengyu,Ji Yansong,et al.Modeling of the relation between SF6 decomposition products and interior faults in gas insulated equipment[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(22):231-238.
[7]Chen L,Widger P,Kamarudin M S,et al.CF3I gas mixtures:breakdown characteristics and potential for electrical insulation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(2):1089-1097.
[8]Zhao H,Li X,Lin H.Insulation characteristics of c-C4F8/N2 and CF3I/N2 mixtures as possible substitutes for SF6[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2017,32(1):254-262.
[9]肖淞,张晓星,韩晔飞,等.不均匀电场下CF3I/N2混合气体工频击穿特性实验[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(20):228-236.Xiao Song,Zhang Xiaoxing,Han Yefei,et al.Experiment on power frequency puncture of CF3I/N2gas mixtures in non-uniform electric fields[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(20):228-236.
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[14]Nechmi H E,Beroual A,Girodet A,et al.Effective ionization coefficients and limiting field strength of fluoronitriles-CO2 mixtures[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2017,24(2):886-892.
[15]Nechmi H E,Beroual A,Girodet A,et al.Fluoronitriles/CO2 gas mixture as promising substitute to SF6for insulation in high voltage applications[J].IEEETransactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(5):2587-2593.
[16]Nechmi H E,Beroual A,Girodet A,et al.Fluoronitriles/CO2 gas mixture as an eco-friendly alternative candidate to SF6 in high voltage insulation systems[C]//2016 IEEE Conference on Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena,Toronto,2016:384-387.
[17]张乔根,游浩洋,马径坦,等.直流电压下SF6中自由线形导电微粒运动特性[J].高电压技术,2018,44(3):696-703.Zhang Qiaogen,You Haoyang,Ma Jingtan,et al.Motion behavior of free conducting wire-type particles in SF6 gas under DC voltage[J].High Voltage Engineering,2018,44(3):696-703.
[18]贾江波,查玮,杨连殿,等.直流电压下绝缘子附近球形导电微粒运动起始电压研究[J].西安交通大学学报,2006,40(6):699-703.Jia Jiangbo,Zha Wei,Yang Liandian,et al.Threshold voltage of spherical conducting particle motion near spacer in inhomogeneous electric field[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2006,40(6):699-703.
[19]王健,李伯涛,李庆民,等.直流GIL中线性金属微粒对柱式绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(15):213-222.Wang Jian,Li Botao,Li Qingmin,et al.Impact of linear metal particle on surface charge accumulation of post insulator within DC GIL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(15):213-222.
[20]律方成,刘宏宇,李志兵,等.直流电压下SF6气体中电极覆膜对金属微粒启举的影响机理[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):239-247.LüFangcheng,Liu Hongyu,Li Zhibing,et al.Influence mechanism of dielectric coated electrodes on metallic particle lift-off in SF6 gas under DCvoltage[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):239-247.
[21]李庆民,王健,李伯涛,等.GIS/GIL中金属微粒污染问题研究进展[J].高电压技术,2016,42(3):849-860.Li Qingmin,Wang Jian,Li Botao,et al.Review on metal particle contamination in GIS/GIL[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(3):849-860.
[22]Wang Jian,Li Qingmin,Li Botao,et al.Theoretical and experimental studies of the air gap breakdown triggered by a free spherical conducting particle in DC uniform field[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,2016,23(4):1951-1958.
[23]肖淞,张晓星,周倩,等.不同类型自由金属微粒对SF6绝缘特性的影响[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(5):1582-1591.Xiao Song,Zhang Xiaoxing,Zhou Qian,et al.Influence of different types of free metal particles on the properties of SF6 insulation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(5):1582-1591.
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[25]李敏,汪沨,许松枝,等.基于分形理论的SF6/N2混合气体放电仿真[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(24):88-95.Li Min,Wang Feng,Xu Songzhi,et al.Simulation of discharge in SF6/N2 gas mixtures based on fractal theory[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(24):88-95.
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[27]雷鸣,陈琳.关于GIL和GIS母线产品基本结构尺寸设计探讨[J].高压电器,2013,49(4):128-133.Lei Ming,Chen Lin.Discusses on basic structure design of GIL and GIS busbar[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2013,49(4):128-133.
[28]黎斌.SF6高压电器设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2010.
[29]王璁,屠幼萍,罗颜,等.应用于直流GIL中环境友好型气体的绝缘性能研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6711-6717.Wang Cong,Tu Youping,Luo Yan,et al.Insulation performance of environmentally friendly gas applied to HVDC-GIL[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6711-6717.
[30]李冰,肖登明,赵谡,等.第二代气体绝缘输电线路的温升数值计算[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):271-276.Li Bing,Xiao Dengming,Zhao Su,et al.Temperature rise numerical calculation of the second generation gas insulated transmission line[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):271-276.
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