纳帕海高原湿地真菌群落多样性和组成的分布
|
摘要
【背景】位于滇西北的纳帕海高原湿地,是我国唯一的低纬度、高海拔、季节性半封闭型高原湿地。真菌在湿地生态系统的维持和稳定中发挥着特殊作用,然而关于纳帕海高原湿地真菌群落多样性和组成的研究目前仍无报道。【目的】对纳帕海高原湿地不同季节和土壤类型真菌群落多样性和组成及与环境因子的关系开展系统研究分析,促进对高原湿地微生物多样性的深入认识。【方法】采用荧光定量PCR和高通量测序技术,分析了纳帕海高原湿地不同季节和土壤类型中真菌的数量、群落多样性和组成及其与环境因子的关系。【结果】真菌数量级的变化对于人为干扰下的湿地土壤退化是敏感的响应指标。在真菌群落组成中,约有60%以上未确定的分类信息,40%有确定分类信息的包括6个门17个纲37个目53个科63个属,大部分分类信息集中在Ascomycota门,相对优势属为Gibberella。通过分类水平、OTU水平和β多样性分析比较,在纳帕海高原湿地整体真菌群落多样性和组成受季节变化影响不显著,但不同土壤类型的变化呈显著差异,推测是由于不同采样区植物根际效应和种类的影响。CCA (Canonical correlation analysis)分析表明,在不同采样区受不同土壤理化因子的影响。【结论】揭示了纳帕海高原湿地土壤真菌群落多样性和组成的区域特征,从微生物学角度进一步提出了对纳帕海高原湿地环境保护和恢复的重要性。
[Background] Napahai plateau wetland is located in the northwest of Yunnan province. It is a uniquelow-latitude-high-altitude and seasonal semi-closed plateau wetland in China. Fungi play special roles in the maintenance and stabilization of wetland ecosystems. However, little is known about the fungal community composition and diversity in Napahai plateau wetland. [Objective] To systematically analyze the fungal community composition and diversity a in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland in different seasons and locations and their relationship with the environmental factors, promoting the understanding of microbial diversity in plateau wetlands. [Methods] In this study, fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing were used to analyze quantity, diversity and composition of fungal community in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland in different seasons and sampling sites, and their association with soil environmental factors was further analyzed. [Results] The results showed that about 60% of the fungal sequences did not exhibit similarity to known sequences. The rest belonged to 6 phyla, 17 classes, 37 orders,53 families and 63 genera, and most belonged to the phylum Ascomycota and the major dominant genus Gibberella. Taxonomic composition, OTU distributions and beta diversity analysis showed that the diversity and composition of fungal community were more affected by soil types than by season changes, presumably due to different rhizosphere effects and species of plants. CCA(Canonical correlation analysis) showed that the diversity of fungi was almost influenced by soil physiochemical factors in different sampling sites.[Conclusion] Our research revealed the fungal community in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland exhibit unique diversity and composition, emphasizing the importance of protecting and restoring the enviroment of Napahai plateau wetland from the perspective of microorganisms.
[Background] Napahai plateau wetland is located in the northwest of Yunnan province. It is a uniquelow-latitude-high-altitude and seasonal semi-closed plateau wetland in China. Fungi play special roles in the maintenance and stabilization of wetland ecosystems. However, little is known about the fungal community composition and diversity in Napahai plateau wetland. [Objective] To systematically analyze the fungal community composition and diversity a in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland in different seasons and locations and their relationship with the environmental factors, promoting the understanding of microbial diversity in plateau wetlands. [Methods] In this study, fluorescence quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing were used to analyze quantity, diversity and composition of fungal community in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland in different seasons and sampling sites, and their association with soil environmental factors was further analyzed. [Results] The results showed that about 60% of the fungal sequences did not exhibit similarity to known sequences. The rest belonged to 6 phyla, 17 classes, 37 orders,53 families and 63 genera, and most belonged to the phylum Ascomycota and the major dominant genus Gibberella. Taxonomic composition, OTU distributions and beta diversity analysis showed that the diversity and composition of fungal community were more affected by soil types than by season changes, presumably due to different rhizosphere effects and species of plants. CCA(Canonical correlation analysis) showed that the diversity of fungi was almost influenced by soil physiochemical factors in different sampling sites.[Conclusion] Our research revealed the fungal community in the soils of Napahai plateau wetland exhibit unique diversity and composition, emphasizing the importance of protecting and restoring the enviroment of Napahai plateau wetland from the perspective of microorganisms.
引文
[1]Masto RE,Ahirwar R,George J,et al.Soil biological and biochemical responses to Cd exposure[J].Open Journal of Soil Science,2011,1(1):8-15
[2]Rillig MC,Mummey DL.Mycorrhizas and soil structure[J].The New Phytologist,2006,171(1):41-53
[3]Finlay RD.Ecological aspects of mycorrhizal symbiosis:with special emphasis on the functional diversity of interactions involving the extraradical mycelium[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2008,59(5):1115-1126
[4]Liu KH,Ding XW,Wang HF,et al.Eukaryotic microbial communities in hypersaline soils and sediments from the alkaline hypersaline Huama Lake as revealed by 454 pyrosequencing[J].Antonie van Leeuwenhoek,2014,105(5):871-880
[5]Yang Y,Dou YX,Huang YM,et al.Links between soil fungal diversity and plant and soil properties on the Loess Plateau[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:2198
[6]Leblond-Bourget N,Philippe H,Mangin I,et al.16S rRNA and16S to 23S internal transcribed spacer sequence analyses reveal inter-and intraspecific Bifidobacterium phylogeny[J].International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,1996,46(1):102-111
[7]Tian K,Guo HJ,Yang YM,et al.Ecological Structure Characteristics of Plateau Wetland Nature Reserve and Functional Zoning Research and Practice[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009(in Chinese)田昆,郭辉军,杨宇明,等.高原湿地保护区生态结构特征及功能分区研究与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
[8]Martin KJ,Rygiewicz PT.Fungal-specific PCR primers developed for analysis of the ITS region of environmental DNAextracts[J].BMC Microbiology,2005,5:28
[9]Gade L,Scheel CM,Pham CD,et al.Detection of fungal DNA in human body fluids and tissues during a multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis and other infections[J].Eukaryotic Cell,2013,12(5):677-683
[10]Schloss PD,Westcott SL,Ryabin T,et al.Introducing mothur:open-source,platform-independent,community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(23):7537-7541
[11]Reeder J,Knight R.Rapidly denoising pyrosequencing amplicon reads by exploiting rank-abundance distributions[J].Nature Methods,2010,7(9):668-669
[12]Oksanen J.Multivariate analysis of ecological communities in R:vegan tutorial[Z].R Package Version,2007,1:1-39
[13]Tian K,Lu M,Chang FL,et al.The ecological environment degradation and degradation mechanism of Napahai karst wetland in southwestern Yunnan plateau[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2004,16(1):35-42(in Chinese)田昆,陆梅,常凤来,等.云南纳帕海岩溶湿地生态环境变化及驱动机制[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):35-42
[14]Vijaykrishna D,Jeewon R,Hyde KD.Molecular taxonomy,origins and evolution of freshwater ascomycetes[J].Fungal Diversity,2006,23:351-390
[15]Costa R,G?tz M,Mrotzek N,et al.Effects of site and plant species on rhizosphere community structure as revealed by molecular analysis of microbial guilds[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2006,56(2):236-249
[16]Yang T,Adams JM,Shi Y,et al.Soil fungal diversity in natural grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau:associations with plant diversity and productivity[J].New Phytologist,2017,215(2):756-765
[17]Jurgenson JE,Zeller KA,Leslie JF.Expanded genetic map of Gibberella moniliformis(Fusarium verticillioides)[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(4):1972-1979
[18]Chen HH,Xu XH,Li HT.Diversity analysis of soil fungal community structure in Sanjiang wetland by PCR-DGGE[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(11):1272-1278(in Chinese)陈会海,许修宏,李洪涛.应用PCR-DGGE分析三江湿地土壤真菌群落结构的多样性[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(11):1272-1278
[19]Pace NR.A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere[J].Science,1997,276(5313):734-740
[2]Rillig MC,Mummey DL.Mycorrhizas and soil structure[J].The New Phytologist,2006,171(1):41-53
[3]Finlay RD.Ecological aspects of mycorrhizal symbiosis:with special emphasis on the functional diversity of interactions involving the extraradical mycelium[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2008,59(5):1115-1126
[4]Liu KH,Ding XW,Wang HF,et al.Eukaryotic microbial communities in hypersaline soils and sediments from the alkaline hypersaline Huama Lake as revealed by 454 pyrosequencing[J].Antonie van Leeuwenhoek,2014,105(5):871-880
[5]Yang Y,Dou YX,Huang YM,et al.Links between soil fungal diversity and plant and soil properties on the Loess Plateau[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:2198
[6]Leblond-Bourget N,Philippe H,Mangin I,et al.16S rRNA and16S to 23S internal transcribed spacer sequence analyses reveal inter-and intraspecific Bifidobacterium phylogeny[J].International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,1996,46(1):102-111
[7]Tian K,Guo HJ,Yang YM,et al.Ecological Structure Characteristics of Plateau Wetland Nature Reserve and Functional Zoning Research and Practice[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009(in Chinese)田昆,郭辉军,杨宇明,等.高原湿地保护区生态结构特征及功能分区研究与实践[M].北京:科学出版社,2009
[8]Martin KJ,Rygiewicz PT.Fungal-specific PCR primers developed for analysis of the ITS region of environmental DNAextracts[J].BMC Microbiology,2005,5:28
[9]Gade L,Scheel CM,Pham CD,et al.Detection of fungal DNA in human body fluids and tissues during a multistate outbreak of fungal meningitis and other infections[J].Eukaryotic Cell,2013,12(5):677-683
[10]Schloss PD,Westcott SL,Ryabin T,et al.Introducing mothur:open-source,platform-independent,community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(23):7537-7541
[11]Reeder J,Knight R.Rapidly denoising pyrosequencing amplicon reads by exploiting rank-abundance distributions[J].Nature Methods,2010,7(9):668-669
[12]Oksanen J.Multivariate analysis of ecological communities in R:vegan tutorial[Z].R Package Version,2007,1:1-39
[13]Tian K,Lu M,Chang FL,et al.The ecological environment degradation and degradation mechanism of Napahai karst wetland in southwestern Yunnan plateau[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2004,16(1):35-42(in Chinese)田昆,陆梅,常凤来,等.云南纳帕海岩溶湿地生态环境变化及驱动机制[J].湖泊科学,2004,16(1):35-42
[14]Vijaykrishna D,Jeewon R,Hyde KD.Molecular taxonomy,origins and evolution of freshwater ascomycetes[J].Fungal Diversity,2006,23:351-390
[15]Costa R,G?tz M,Mrotzek N,et al.Effects of site and plant species on rhizosphere community structure as revealed by molecular analysis of microbial guilds[J].FEMS Microbiology Ecology,2006,56(2):236-249
[16]Yang T,Adams JM,Shi Y,et al.Soil fungal diversity in natural grasslands of the Tibetan Plateau:associations with plant diversity and productivity[J].New Phytologist,2017,215(2):756-765
[17]Jurgenson JE,Zeller KA,Leslie JF.Expanded genetic map of Gibberella moniliformis(Fusarium verticillioides)[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2002,68(4):1972-1979
[18]Chen HH,Xu XH,Li HT.Diversity analysis of soil fungal community structure in Sanjiang wetland by PCR-DGGE[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2012,25(11):1272-1278(in Chinese)陈会海,许修宏,李洪涛.应用PCR-DGGE分析三江湿地土壤真菌群落结构的多样性[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(11):1272-1278
[19]Pace NR.A molecular view of microbial diversity and the biosphere[J].Science,1997,276(5313):734-740