球孢白僵菌CF08株对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的安全性评价
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摘要
目的研究球孢白僵菌CF08株对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的安全性。方法采用浸虫法和饲喂法研究球孢白僵菌CF08株对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂成虫的安全性;采用浸渍法研究球孢白僵菌CF08株对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂幼期的安全性。利用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计学分析,组间比较采用单因素方差分析,多重比较采用Duncan法。结果浸虫法和饲喂法处理后丽蝇蛹集金小蜂雌蜂寿命分别为(11.09±0.15)和(10.92±0.15)d,对照组雌蜂寿命为(10.99±0.19)d,三者间差异无统计学意义(F=0.893,P=0.446);浸虫法和饲喂法雄蜂寿命分别为(5.83±0.09)和(5.88±0.03)d,对照组雄蜂寿命为(5.75±0.09)d,三者间差异亦无统计学意义(F=2.614,P=0.152)。被寄生不同时间的棕尾别麻蝇蛹浸渍球孢白僵菌孢子液后,蝇蛹中丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的出蜂率>80%,平均出蜂数为43只/蛹,雌蜂比>90%,羽化出的丽蝇蛹集金小蜂雌雄蜂体长平均为2.0和1.4 mm,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。羽化出的雌蜂对棕尾别麻蝇蛹的寄生率均>90%,出蜂率>80%,平均出蜂数约为43只/蛹,后代的雌蜂比>90%,与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论幼期暴露球孢白僵菌CF08株对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的生长、发育、繁殖和后代品质均无显著影响,两者可联合应用于蝇类的生物防治。
Objective To evaluate the safety of Beauveria bassiana CF08 strain on the fly pupal parasitoid, Nasonia vitripennis. Methods Insect-dipping test and spore-feeding method were used to evaluate the safety of B. bassiana CF08 strain on N. vitripennis larvae and adults. Results After spore-dipping or spore-feeding, the longevities of N. vitripennis female adults were(11.09±0.15) and(10.92±0.15) d, the control group was about(10.99 ± 0.19) d, there was no significant difference among them(F =0.893, P = 0.446). The longevity of spore-dipped, spore-fed and control male parasitoids were(5.83 ±0.09),(5.88 ± 0.03),and(5.75 ± 0.09)d,respectively. There was also no significant difference among the three groups(F =2.614, P = 0.152). When the parasitized fly pupae dipped in the spore suspensions of B. bassiana CF08 strain,the parasitoid emergence rate, number of parasitoids emerged per fly pupa and sex ratio were more than 80%, 43 and 90%,respectively. The three indicators of spore-dripping groups and control group had no significant difference. Nasonia vitripennis emerged from spore-dripping fly pupae and control pupae had the same parasitic capacity to B. peregrine pupae. The parasitic rate, parasitoid emergence rate, number of parasitoids emerged from per fly pupa and sex ratio were more than 90% 80%,43 and 90%, respectively. There was also no significant difference among the spore-dripping groups and control group.Conclusion Beauveria bassiana CF08 strain had no negative effects on the development of immature stage and longevity of N. vitripennis adults. Exposure to B. bassiana spores at immature stage had no significant effects on the offspring quality of N. vitripennis. The parasitoid and entomogenous fungus could be used in combination for biological control of flies.
Objective To evaluate the safety of Beauveria bassiana CF08 strain on the fly pupal parasitoid, Nasonia vitripennis. Methods Insect-dipping test and spore-feeding method were used to evaluate the safety of B. bassiana CF08 strain on N. vitripennis larvae and adults. Results After spore-dipping or spore-feeding, the longevities of N. vitripennis female adults were(11.09±0.15) and(10.92±0.15) d, the control group was about(10.99 ± 0.19) d, there was no significant difference among them(F =0.893, P = 0.446). The longevity of spore-dipped, spore-fed and control male parasitoids were(5.83 ±0.09),(5.88 ± 0.03),and(5.75 ± 0.09)d,respectively. There was also no significant difference among the three groups(F =2.614, P = 0.152). When the parasitized fly pupae dipped in the spore suspensions of B. bassiana CF08 strain,the parasitoid emergence rate, number of parasitoids emerged per fly pupa and sex ratio were more than 80%, 43 and 90%,respectively. The three indicators of spore-dripping groups and control group had no significant difference. Nasonia vitripennis emerged from spore-dripping fly pupae and control pupae had the same parasitic capacity to B. peregrine pupae. The parasitic rate, parasitoid emergence rate, number of parasitoids emerged from per fly pupa and sex ratio were more than 90% 80%,43 and 90%, respectively. There was also no significant difference among the spore-dripping groups and control group.Conclusion Beauveria bassiana CF08 strain had no negative effects on the development of immature stage and longevity of N. vitripennis adults. Exposure to B. bassiana spores at immature stage had no significant effects on the offspring quality of N. vitripennis. The parasitoid and entomogenous fungus could be used in combination for biological control of flies.
引文
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[9]魏继波,李桂玲,孟庆东,等.苏云金杆菌对媒介蚊虫的防治研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(6):502-505.
[10]张俊天,熊国红,何建国,等.三种植物精油对家蝇成虫的熏蒸活性[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(6):641-646.
[11]杜迎刚,赖钟雄,张忠.双效毒蝇绳对家蝇的控制效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):915-920.
[12]王松田,张辉,高熹,等.罹病棕尾别麻蝇体上白僵菌的分离、离体培养与毒力[J].环境昆虫学报,2009,31(1):52-57.
[13]张忠,宋光乐,邓文,等.丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的释放方法研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2009,15(6):454-456,457.
[14]王善青,肖蔼祥,张杰,等.野外释放丽蝇蛹集金小蜂对家蝇及其他蝇种控制效果观察[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1993,4(1):14-17.
[15]张忠,史卫峰,叶恭银,等.冷冻蝇蛹对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的寄生和繁殖的影响[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2009,15(1):28-31.
[16]张忠,宋光乐,于广福,等.冷冻丝光绿蝇蛹对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂后代发育和繁殖能力的影响[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(1):30-32.
[17]张忠,叶恭银,胡萃,等.以棕尾别麻蝇蛹繁殖丽蝇蛹集金小蜂最佳条件研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2008,3(6):452-454.
[18]庄桂芬,黄振东,薛志静,等.球孢白僵菌CF08株在家蝇成虫间的水平传播实验[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(2):131-134.
[19]李涛,刘映红,李会云,等.球孢白僵菌对烟蚜茧蜂生命参数及控害效果的影响[J].菌物学报,2007,26(3):433-439.
[20]李涛,刘映红,张永军.球孢白僵菌对烟蚜茧蜂寄生行为的影响[J].植物保护学报,2007,34(4):401-404.
[21]李增智,廖应福,韩宝瑜,等.虫生真菌侵染和寄生蝇、寄生蜂寄生马尾松毛虫的关系的研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,1996,23(3):397-403.
[22]杨希,黄金水,何学友,等.管氏肿腿蜂及其带菌室内防治松墨天牛幼虫试验[J].福建林业科技,2005,32(3):94-96,99.
[23]刘德波,代艳梅,文灿,等.烟蚜茧蜂载菌菌种与载菌方式筛选[J].中国生物防治,2008,24(3):239-243.
[2]Phoku JZ,Barnard TG,Potgieter N,et al.Mycotoxigenic potentials of the genera:Aspergillus,Fusarium and Penicillium isolated from houseflies(Musca domestica L.)[J].Acta Trop,2017,168:29-36.
[3]陈佳木,李亚伦,高思维,等.马尾口岸蝇类生物多样性和携带病原微生物情况的研究[J].检验检疫学刊,2009,19(6):21-27.
[4]Wales AD,Carrique-Mas JJ,Rankin M,et al.Review of the carriage of zoonotic bacteria by arthropods,with special reference to Salmonella in mites,flies and litter beetles[J].Zoonoses Public Health,2010,57(5):299-314.
[5]Jacques BJ,Bourret TJ,Shaffer JJ.Role of fly cleaning behavior on carriage of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa[J].J Med Entomol,2017,54(6):1712-1717.
[6]王东,王永明,辛正,等.蝇类化学防治的进展与问题[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2015,21(3):226-230.
[7]张忠,史卫峰,叶恭银,等.丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的寄生习性研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2008,19(6):507-509.
[8]Carecamo MC,Felchicher F,Duarte JP,et al.Horizontal transmission of Beauveria bassiana(Hypocreales:Cordycipitaceae)and Metarhizium anisopliae(Hypocreales:Clavicipitaceae)in Musca domestica(Diptera:Muscidae)[J].JEcon Entomol,2015,108(4):1579-1586.
[9]魏继波,李桂玲,孟庆东,等.苏云金杆菌对媒介蚊虫的防治研究[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2014,25(6):502-505.
[10]张俊天,熊国红,何建国,等.三种植物精油对家蝇成虫的熏蒸活性[J].昆虫学报,2016,59(6):641-646.
[11]杜迎刚,赖钟雄,张忠.双效毒蝇绳对家蝇的控制效果[J].环境昆虫学报,2015,37(4):915-920.
[12]王松田,张辉,高熹,等.罹病棕尾别麻蝇体上白僵菌的分离、离体培养与毒力[J].环境昆虫学报,2009,31(1):52-57.
[13]张忠,宋光乐,邓文,等.丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的释放方法研究[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2009,15(6):454-456,457.
[14]王善青,肖蔼祥,张杰,等.野外释放丽蝇蛹集金小蜂对家蝇及其他蝇种控制效果观察[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,1993,4(1):14-17.
[15]张忠,史卫峰,叶恭银,等.冷冻蝇蛹对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂的寄生和繁殖的影响[J].中华卫生杀虫药械,2009,15(1):28-31.
[16]张忠,宋光乐,于广福,等.冷冻丝光绿蝇蛹对丽蝇蛹集金小蜂后代发育和繁殖能力的影响[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2010,21(1):30-32.
[17]张忠,叶恭银,胡萃,等.以棕尾别麻蝇蛹繁殖丽蝇蛹集金小蜂最佳条件研究[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2008,3(6):452-454.
[18]庄桂芬,黄振东,薛志静,等.球孢白僵菌CF08株在家蝇成虫间的水平传播实验[J].中国媒介生物学及控制杂志,2017,28(2):131-134.
[19]李涛,刘映红,李会云,等.球孢白僵菌对烟蚜茧蜂生命参数及控害效果的影响[J].菌物学报,2007,26(3):433-439.
[20]李涛,刘映红,张永军.球孢白僵菌对烟蚜茧蜂寄生行为的影响[J].植物保护学报,2007,34(4):401-404.
[21]李增智,廖应福,韩宝瑜,等.虫生真菌侵染和寄生蝇、寄生蜂寄生马尾松毛虫的关系的研究[J].安徽农业大学学报,1996,23(3):397-403.
[22]杨希,黄金水,何学友,等.管氏肿腿蜂及其带菌室内防治松墨天牛幼虫试验[J].福建林业科技,2005,32(3):94-96,99.
[23]刘德波,代艳梅,文灿,等.烟蚜茧蜂载菌菌种与载菌方式筛选[J].中国生物防治,2008,24(3):239-243.