活性炭吸附缓冲非稳态VOCs研究进展
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摘要
活性炭类吸附剂可以有效地缓冲挥发性有机物(VOCs)的浓度负荷波动。综述了活性炭对非稳态VOCs吸附缓冲的作用原理及类型,从吸附剂、吸附质、进气性质和设备及操作条件等方面讨论了影响吸附缓冲性能的因素,并对今后该领域的研究方向提出了展望。指出:应当进一步研究吸附剂和吸附质的交互作用、波动负荷的影响以及VOCs在活性炭中的迁移扩散现象;同时,通过深层次的实验测试和模型模拟为反应器的设计和操作参数的估算提供指导。
Activated carbon adsorbent can effectively buffer the concentration loading fluctuation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs). The principle and types of adsorption buffering of unsteady VOCs on activated carbon are summarized. The factors affecting adsorption buffering are discussed from adsorbents,adsorbates,gas inlet properties,equipments and operation conditions. The future research directions in this field are also prospected. It is pointed out that:The interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate,the effect of fluctuation loading and the migration and diffusion of VOCs in activated carbon should be further studied;At the same time,deep experimental tests and model simulations should be carried out for reactor design and operation parameter estimation.
Activated carbon adsorbent can effectively buffer the concentration loading fluctuation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs). The principle and types of adsorption buffering of unsteady VOCs on activated carbon are summarized. The factors affecting adsorption buffering are discussed from adsorbents,adsorbates,gas inlet properties,equipments and operation conditions. The future research directions in this field are also prospected. It is pointed out that:The interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate,the effect of fluctuation loading and the migration and diffusion of VOCs in activated carbon should be further studied;At the same time,deep experimental tests and model simulations should be carried out for reactor design and operation parameter estimation.
引文
[1]ZHANG X Y,GAO B,CREAMER A E,et al. Adsorption of VOCs onto engineered carbon materials:a review[J]. J Hazard Mater,2017,338:102-123.
[2]李磊,李怿,王龙延,等. VOCs催化燃烧的非贵金属催化剂研究进展[J].化工环保,2018,38(1):25-32.
[3]DELHOMéNIE M C,HEITZ M. Bio?ltration of air:a review[J]. Crit Rev Biotechnol,2005,25(1/2):53-72.
[4]RUTHVEN D M. Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons,1984:30-60.
[5]HASHISHO Z,EMAMIPOUR H,ROOD M J,et al.Concomitant adsorption and desorption of organic vapor in dry and humid air streams using microwave and direct electrothermal swing adsorption[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2008,42(24):9317-9322.
[6]KIM J O. Gaseous TCE and PCE removal by an activated carbon biofilter[J]. Bioprocess Eng,1997,16(6):331-337.
[7]AIZPURU A,MALHAUTIER L,ROUX J C,et al.Bio?ltration of a mixture of volatile organic compounds on granular activated carbon[J]. Biotechnol Bioeng,2003,83(4):479-488.
[8]WEBER F J,HARTMANS S. Use of activated carbon as a buffer in bio?ltration of waste gases with?uctuating concentrationsoftoluene[J]. ApplMicrobiolBiot,1995,43(2):365-369.
[9]MOHSENIM,ALLENDG,NICHOLSKM.Biofiltrationofalpha-pineneanditsapplicationtothe treatment of pulp and paper air emissions[J]. TAPPI J,1998,81(8):205-211.
[10]OTTENGRAFSPP.Exhaustgaspurification[J].Biotechnol,1986,8(1):74-80.
[11]HORIH,TANAKAI. Adsorptioncharacteristicsof organic solvent vapor on activated carbon under?uctuating vapor concentrations[J]. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J,1992,53(6):347-351.
[12]SWANSON W J,LOEHR R C. Bio?ltration:fundamentals,design and operations principles,and applications[J].JEnvironEng,1997,123(6):538-546.
[13]DEVINNYJS,DESHUSSESM A,WEBSTER T S. Bio?ltration for air pollution control[M]. Boca Raton:CRC press,1998:1-22.
[14]COX H H J,DESGUSSES M A. Effect of starvation on the performance and re-acclimation of biotrickling filters for air pollution control[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2002,36(14):3069-3073.
[15]POPOV VO,BEZBORODOV AM,CAVANAGH M,etal.Evaluationofindustrialbiotricklingfilter at the?exographic printing facility[J]. Environ Prog Sustain,2004,23(1):39-44.
[16]CHANG K,LU C,LIN M R. Treatment of Volatile organic compounds from polyurethane and epoxy manufacturebyatrickle-bedairbiofilter[J].JBiosci Bioeng,2001,92(2):126-130.
[17]SEMPERE F,GABALDóN C,MARTíNEZ-SORIA V,etal.Evaluationofacombinedactivatedcarbon pre?lter and biotrickling?lter system treating variable ethanol and ethyl acetate gaseous emissions[J]. Eng Life Sci,2010,9(4):317-323.
[18]KIMD,CAIZ,SORIALG A. Anovelintegrated scheme for stabilizing biological oxidation process performance in treating waste gas streams[J]. J Adv Oxid Technol,2007,10(1):151-156.
[19]KIMD,CAIZ,SORIALG A,etal.Integrated treatment scheme of a bio?lter preceded by a two-bed cyclic adsorption unit treating dynamic toluene loading[J]. Chem Eng J,2007,130(1):45-52.
[20]HASSAN A A,ZEHRAOUI A,SORIAL G. Achievingstablebiologicaloxidationoferraticwastegas streams by utilizing cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. J Adv Oxid Technol,2010,13(1):9-14.
[21]PETKOVSKA M,TONDEUR D,GREVILLOT G,et al. Temperature-swing gas separation with electrothermal desorption step[J]. Sep Sci Technol,1991,26(3):425-444.
[22]SUBRENAT A,BALEO J N,CLOIREC P L,et al.Electrical behaviour of activated carbon cloth heated by the joule effect:desorption application[J]. Carbon,2001,39(5):707-716.
[23]HASHISHO Z,ROOD M,BOTICH L. Microwaveswing adsorption to capture and recover vapors from air streams with activated carbon?ber cloth[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(17):6851-6859.
[24]Sullivan P D,Rood M J,Dombrowski K D,et al.Capture of organic vapors using adsorption and electrothermal regeneration[J]. J Environ Eng,2004,130(3):258-267.
[25]EMAMIPOUR H,HASHISHO Z,CEVALLOS D,etal.Steady-stateanddynamicdesorptionoforganicvaporfromactivatedcarbonwithelectrothermal swing adsorption[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(14):5063-5069.
[26]HASHISHO Z,EMAMIPOUR H,CEVALLOS D,et al. Rapid response concentration-controlled desorption of activated carbon to dampen concentration?uctuations[J].EnvironSci Technol,2007,41(5):1753-1758.
[27]WEBSTER T S,TONGNA A P,GUARINI W J,et al. The application of a microwave concentrator/bio?lter integrated system to treat paint booth emissions[R].Lawrenceville,N. J.:Envirogen Inc,2000.
[28]SONHK,SIVAKUMARS,ROODMJ,etal.Electrothermaladsorptionanddesorptionofvolatile organic compounds on activated carbon?ber cloth[J].J Hazard Mater,2015,301:27-34.
[29]PALAUJ,IZQUIERDOSANCHISM,MARZAL P,et al. Coupling adsorption and biological technologies for multicomponent and fluctuating VOC emissionsabatement:lab-scaleevaluationandfull-scale implementation[J].IndEngChemRes,2017,54(6):1713-1722.
[30]MOE W M,LI C. A design methodology for activated carbon load equalization systems applied to biofilters treating intermittent toluene loading[J]. Chem Eng J,2005,113(2/3):175-185.
[31]NABATILANMM,HARHAD A,WOLENSKIP R,etal. Activatedcarbonloadequalizationoftransientconcentrationspikesofgas-phasetoluene[J].Chem Eng J,2009,152(2/3):449-457.
[32]LI C,MOE W M. Activated carbon load equalization of discontinuously generated acetone and toluene mixtures treated by bio?ltration[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(7):2349-2356.
[33]CAIZ,SORIALG A. Treatmentofdynamic VOC mixture in a trickling-bed air biofilter integrated with cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. Chem Eng J,2009,151(1/3):105-112.
[34]HASSAN A A,SORIAL G A. Treatment of dynamic mixture of hexane and benzene vapors in a trickle bed air bio?lter integrated with cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. Chemosphere,2011,82(4):521-528.
[35]YANG R. Gas separation by adsorption processes[M].London:Imperial College Press,1997:49-100.
[36]CHIANG Y C,CHIANG P C,CHANG E E. Effects of surfacecharacteristicsofactivatedcarbonson VOC adsorption[J]. J Environ Eng,2001,127(1):54-62.
[37]HAND D W,CRITTENDEN J C,HOKANSON D R,et al. Predicting the performance of?xed-bed granularactivatedcarbonadsorbers[J]. WaterSci Technol,1997,35(7):235-241.
[38]CONVERSE B M,SCHROEDER E D,IRANPOUR R,et al. Odor and volatile organic compound removal from wastewater treatment plant headworks ventilation air using a bio?lter[J]. Water Environ Res,2003,75(5):444-454.
[39]IRANPOUR R,COX H H J,DESHUSSES M A,et al. Literature review of air pollution control bio?lters andbiotricklingfiltersforodorandvolatileorganic compound removal[J]. Environ Prog Sustain,2005,24(3):254-267.
[40]NABATILAN M M,MOE W M. Effects of water vapor on activated carbon load equalization of gas phase toluene[J]. Water Res,2010,44(13):3924-3934.
[41]CAL M P,ROOD M J,LARSON S M. Removal of VOCs from humidi?ed gas streams using activated carbon cloth[J]. Gas Sep Purif,1996,10(2):117-121.
[42]RUSELL B P,LEVAN M D. Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon.3.Ethane,propane,andmixingrules[J].IndEng Chem Res,1997,36(6):2380-2389.
[43]BOURNEUFS,JACOBM,ALBASIC,etal.Loadvariationsbufferingbyadsorption/desorption experimentsandmodelling:innovativeapplicationtoaqueouseffluents[C]//MartineP,JerzyB eds.10th European congress of chemical engineering(ECCE10). Nice:Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2015:1-2.
[44]BOURNEUF S,JACOB M,ALBASI C,et al. Desorption experiments and modeling of micropollutants onactivatedcarboninwaterphase:applicationto transient concentrations mitigation[J]. Int J Environ Sci Technol,2016,13(1):1-10.
[45]NABATILANMM,HARHAD A,WOLENSKIP R,etal. Activatedcarbonloadequalizationoftransient concentrations of gas-phase toluene:effect of gas flowrateduringpollutantnon-loadingintervals[J].Chem Eng J,2010,157(2/3):339-347.
[46]?ERVENKAJ,MORAVCOVáT,OBALOVáL.The possibility of balancing VOC concentration fluctuations by a?ow through an activated carbon bed[J].Adsorpt Sci Technol,2011,29(2):157-168.
[47]MOE W M,COLLINS K L,RHODES J D. Activated carbon load equalization of gas-phase toluene:effect of cycle length and fraction of time in loading[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(15):5478-5484.
[2]李磊,李怿,王龙延,等. VOCs催化燃烧的非贵金属催化剂研究进展[J].化工环保,2018,38(1):25-32.
[3]DELHOMéNIE M C,HEITZ M. Bio?ltration of air:a review[J]. Crit Rev Biotechnol,2005,25(1/2):53-72.
[4]RUTHVEN D M. Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes[M]. New York:John Wiley&Sons,1984:30-60.
[5]HASHISHO Z,EMAMIPOUR H,ROOD M J,et al.Concomitant adsorption and desorption of organic vapor in dry and humid air streams using microwave and direct electrothermal swing adsorption[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2008,42(24):9317-9322.
[6]KIM J O. Gaseous TCE and PCE removal by an activated carbon biofilter[J]. Bioprocess Eng,1997,16(6):331-337.
[7]AIZPURU A,MALHAUTIER L,ROUX J C,et al.Bio?ltration of a mixture of volatile organic compounds on granular activated carbon[J]. Biotechnol Bioeng,2003,83(4):479-488.
[8]WEBER F J,HARTMANS S. Use of activated carbon as a buffer in bio?ltration of waste gases with?uctuating concentrationsoftoluene[J]. ApplMicrobiolBiot,1995,43(2):365-369.
[9]MOHSENIM,ALLENDG,NICHOLSKM.Biofiltrationofalpha-pineneanditsapplicationtothe treatment of pulp and paper air emissions[J]. TAPPI J,1998,81(8):205-211.
[10]OTTENGRAFSPP.Exhaustgaspurification[J].Biotechnol,1986,8(1):74-80.
[11]HORIH,TANAKAI. Adsorptioncharacteristicsof organic solvent vapor on activated carbon under?uctuating vapor concentrations[J]. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J,1992,53(6):347-351.
[12]SWANSON W J,LOEHR R C. Bio?ltration:fundamentals,design and operations principles,and applications[J].JEnvironEng,1997,123(6):538-546.
[13]DEVINNYJS,DESHUSSESM A,WEBSTER T S. Bio?ltration for air pollution control[M]. Boca Raton:CRC press,1998:1-22.
[14]COX H H J,DESGUSSES M A. Effect of starvation on the performance and re-acclimation of biotrickling filters for air pollution control[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2002,36(14):3069-3073.
[15]POPOV VO,BEZBORODOV AM,CAVANAGH M,etal.Evaluationofindustrialbiotricklingfilter at the?exographic printing facility[J]. Environ Prog Sustain,2004,23(1):39-44.
[16]CHANG K,LU C,LIN M R. Treatment of Volatile organic compounds from polyurethane and epoxy manufacturebyatrickle-bedairbiofilter[J].JBiosci Bioeng,2001,92(2):126-130.
[17]SEMPERE F,GABALDóN C,MARTíNEZ-SORIA V,etal.Evaluationofacombinedactivatedcarbon pre?lter and biotrickling?lter system treating variable ethanol and ethyl acetate gaseous emissions[J]. Eng Life Sci,2010,9(4):317-323.
[18]KIMD,CAIZ,SORIALG A. Anovelintegrated scheme for stabilizing biological oxidation process performance in treating waste gas streams[J]. J Adv Oxid Technol,2007,10(1):151-156.
[19]KIMD,CAIZ,SORIALG A,etal.Integrated treatment scheme of a bio?lter preceded by a two-bed cyclic adsorption unit treating dynamic toluene loading[J]. Chem Eng J,2007,130(1):45-52.
[20]HASSAN A A,ZEHRAOUI A,SORIAL G. Achievingstablebiologicaloxidationoferraticwastegas streams by utilizing cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. J Adv Oxid Technol,2010,13(1):9-14.
[21]PETKOVSKA M,TONDEUR D,GREVILLOT G,et al. Temperature-swing gas separation with electrothermal desorption step[J]. Sep Sci Technol,1991,26(3):425-444.
[22]SUBRENAT A,BALEO J N,CLOIREC P L,et al.Electrical behaviour of activated carbon cloth heated by the joule effect:desorption application[J]. Carbon,2001,39(5):707-716.
[23]HASHISHO Z,ROOD M,BOTICH L. Microwaveswing adsorption to capture and recover vapors from air streams with activated carbon?ber cloth[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(17):6851-6859.
[24]Sullivan P D,Rood M J,Dombrowski K D,et al.Capture of organic vapors using adsorption and electrothermal regeneration[J]. J Environ Eng,2004,130(3):258-267.
[25]EMAMIPOUR H,HASHISHO Z,CEVALLOS D,etal.Steady-stateanddynamicdesorptionoforganicvaporfromactivatedcarbonwithelectrothermal swing adsorption[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(14):5063-5069.
[26]HASHISHO Z,EMAMIPOUR H,CEVALLOS D,et al. Rapid response concentration-controlled desorption of activated carbon to dampen concentration?uctuations[J].EnvironSci Technol,2007,41(5):1753-1758.
[27]WEBSTER T S,TONGNA A P,GUARINI W J,et al. The application of a microwave concentrator/bio?lter integrated system to treat paint booth emissions[R].Lawrenceville,N. J.:Envirogen Inc,2000.
[28]SONHK,SIVAKUMARS,ROODMJ,etal.Electrothermaladsorptionanddesorptionofvolatile organic compounds on activated carbon?ber cloth[J].J Hazard Mater,2015,301:27-34.
[29]PALAUJ,IZQUIERDOSANCHISM,MARZAL P,et al. Coupling adsorption and biological technologies for multicomponent and fluctuating VOC emissionsabatement:lab-scaleevaluationandfull-scale implementation[J].IndEngChemRes,2017,54(6):1713-1722.
[30]MOE W M,LI C. A design methodology for activated carbon load equalization systems applied to biofilters treating intermittent toluene loading[J]. Chem Eng J,2005,113(2/3):175-185.
[31]NABATILANMM,HARHAD A,WOLENSKIP R,etal. Activatedcarbonloadequalizationoftransientconcentrationspikesofgas-phasetoluene[J].Chem Eng J,2009,152(2/3):449-457.
[32]LI C,MOE W M. Activated carbon load equalization of discontinuously generated acetone and toluene mixtures treated by bio?ltration[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2005,39(7):2349-2356.
[33]CAIZ,SORIALG A. Treatmentofdynamic VOC mixture in a trickling-bed air biofilter integrated with cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. Chem Eng J,2009,151(1/3):105-112.
[34]HASSAN A A,SORIAL G A. Treatment of dynamic mixture of hexane and benzene vapors in a trickle bed air bio?lter integrated with cyclic adsorption/desorption beds[J]. Chemosphere,2011,82(4):521-528.
[35]YANG R. Gas separation by adsorption processes[M].London:Imperial College Press,1997:49-100.
[36]CHIANG Y C,CHIANG P C,CHANG E E. Effects of surfacecharacteristicsofactivatedcarbonson VOC adsorption[J]. J Environ Eng,2001,127(1):54-62.
[37]HAND D W,CRITTENDEN J C,HOKANSON D R,et al. Predicting the performance of?xed-bed granularactivatedcarbonadsorbers[J]. WaterSci Technol,1997,35(7):235-241.
[38]CONVERSE B M,SCHROEDER E D,IRANPOUR R,et al. Odor and volatile organic compound removal from wastewater treatment plant headworks ventilation air using a bio?lter[J]. Water Environ Res,2003,75(5):444-454.
[39]IRANPOUR R,COX H H J,DESHUSSES M A,et al. Literature review of air pollution control bio?lters andbiotricklingfiltersforodorandvolatileorganic compound removal[J]. Environ Prog Sustain,2005,24(3):254-267.
[40]NABATILAN M M,MOE W M. Effects of water vapor on activated carbon load equalization of gas phase toluene[J]. Water Res,2010,44(13):3924-3934.
[41]CAL M P,ROOD M J,LARSON S M. Removal of VOCs from humidi?ed gas streams using activated carbon cloth[J]. Gas Sep Purif,1996,10(2):117-121.
[42]RUSELL B P,LEVAN M D. Coadsorption of organic compounds and water vapor on BPL activated carbon.3.Ethane,propane,andmixingrules[J].IndEng Chem Res,1997,36(6):2380-2389.
[43]BOURNEUFS,JACOBM,ALBASIC,etal.Loadvariationsbufferingbyadsorption/desorption experimentsandmodelling:innovativeapplicationtoaqueouseffluents[C]//MartineP,JerzyB eds.10th European congress of chemical engineering(ECCE10). Nice:Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2015:1-2.
[44]BOURNEUF S,JACOB M,ALBASI C,et al. Desorption experiments and modeling of micropollutants onactivatedcarboninwaterphase:applicationto transient concentrations mitigation[J]. Int J Environ Sci Technol,2016,13(1):1-10.
[45]NABATILANMM,HARHAD A,WOLENSKIP R,etal. Activatedcarbonloadequalizationoftransient concentrations of gas-phase toluene:effect of gas flowrateduringpollutantnon-loadingintervals[J].Chem Eng J,2010,157(2/3):339-347.
[46]?ERVENKAJ,MORAVCOVáT,OBALOVáL.The possibility of balancing VOC concentration fluctuations by a?ow through an activated carbon bed[J].Adsorpt Sci Technol,2011,29(2):157-168.
[47]MOE W M,COLLINS K L,RHODES J D. Activated carbon load equalization of gas-phase toluene:effect of cycle length and fraction of time in loading[J]. Environ Sci Technol,2007,41(15):5478-5484.