酒泉东盆地地下水化学特征及成因分析
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摘要
为研究酒泉东盆地地下水化学特征及其成因,采用描述性统计、舒卡列夫分类、相关性分析、Gibbs图解法及离子比例系数法,对研究区地下水107组水样进行系统的研究分析。结果表明:研究区地下水总体呈弱碱性淡水;阳离子以Mg~(2+)和Na~+为主,阴离子以SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-为主;水化学类型由盆地南部山前单一结构平原的HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Ca型向盆地中部的细土平原区的HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Na、HCO_3·SO_4-Na·Mg、SO_4-Na·Mg型过渡,最后演变为盆地北部金塔南山前的SO_4·Cl-Na·Mg型;在盆地南部山前的地下水补给-径流区,地下水中的化学组分主要来源于水岩作用下硅酸盐岩、蒸发盐岩及碳酸盐岩的溶解,随着由补给-径流区向盆地北部的排泄区过渡,蒸发浓缩作用及阳离子交替吸附作用逐渐成为地下水化学成分演变的主控因素。
In order to study the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in Jiuquan East basin, descriptive statistics, Schakerev classification, correlation analysis, Gibbs graphic method and ion proportional coefficient method were used to systematically study and analyze groundwater from 107 water samples in the study area. The results showed that the groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline freshwater; the cations are mainly Mg~(2+) and Na~+, and the anions are dominated by SO_4~(2-) and HCO_3~-; the water chemistry type is HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Ca from the single structural plain in the piedmont in the southern part of the basin, the transition to the HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Na, HCO_3·SO_4-Na·Mg, SO_4-Na·Mg type in the fine soil plain in the central part of the basin, and finally evolves into SO_4·Cl-Na·Mg type in front of the Jinta Nanshan in the northern part of the basin; groundwater recharge-runoff area is in front of the mountain in the southern part of the basin, the chemical components in the groundwater are mainly derived from the weathering and dissolution of silicate rock, evaporite rock and carbonate rock, with the transition from the recharge-runoff area to the discharge area in the northern part of the basin; evaporation and concentration and cation exchange have gradually become the main controlling factors for the evolution of groundwater chemical composition.
In order to study the hydrochemical characteristics and formation mechanism of groundwater in Jiuquan East basin, descriptive statistics, Schakerev classification, correlation analysis, Gibbs graphic method and ion proportional coefficient method were used to systematically study and analyze groundwater from 107 water samples in the study area. The results showed that the groundwater in the study area is weakly alkaline freshwater; the cations are mainly Mg~(2+) and Na~+, and the anions are dominated by SO_4~(2-) and HCO_3~-; the water chemistry type is HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Ca from the single structural plain in the piedmont in the southern part of the basin, the transition to the HCO_3·SO_4-Mg·Na, HCO_3·SO_4-Na·Mg, SO_4-Na·Mg type in the fine soil plain in the central part of the basin, and finally evolves into SO_4·Cl-Na·Mg type in front of the Jinta Nanshan in the northern part of the basin; groundwater recharge-runoff area is in front of the mountain in the southern part of the basin, the chemical components in the groundwater are mainly derived from the weathering and dissolution of silicate rock, evaporite rock and carbonate rock, with the transition from the recharge-runoff area to the discharge area in the northern part of the basin; evaporation and concentration and cation exchange have gradually become the main controlling factors for the evolution of groundwater chemical composition.
引文
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[2]王刚.酒泉盆地地下水系统数值模拟研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2007.
[3]张光辉,刘中培,连英立,等.内陆干旱区水循环危机性标识与特征-以西北黑河流域为例[J].干旱区地理,2009,32(5):720-725.
[4]聂振龙,张光辉,申建梅,等.西北内陆盆地地下水功能特征及地下水可持续利用[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(1):63-66.
[5]何建华,付素静,马金珠,等.北大河流域地下水化学演化与补给特征[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(6):1630-1638.
[6]周鲲鹏,马金珠,魏国孝,等.酒泉-金塔盆地水化学特征及其演化规律[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2009,45(1):31-36.
[7]尹政,冯建宏,田辽西,等.酒泉东盆地地下水资源及潜力评价[J].地下水,2015,37(6):28-30.
[8]卢放,阎红霞,胡文广,等.酒泉东盆地与张掖盆地地质接触关系及其电性特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(3):171-176.
[9]张涛,何锦,李敬杰,等.蛤蟆通河流域地下水化学特征及控制因素[J].环境科学,2018,39(11):4981-4990.
[10]费特,孙晋玉.应用水文地质学[M].4 版,北京:高等教育出版社,2011.
[11]张妹,刘启蒙,刘凯旋.顾北矿区地下水化学特征及成因分析[J].煤矿安全,2018,49(5):187-190.
[12]刘江涛,蔡五田,曹月婷,等.沁河冲洪积扇地下水水化学特征及成因分析[J].环境科学,2018,39(12):5428-5439.
[13]李潇瀚,张翼龙,王瑞,等.呼和浩特盆地地下水化学特征及成因[J].南水北调与水利科技,2018,16(4):136-145.