网围养蟹对浮游植物群落结构变化的影响
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摘要
2008年6月至2009年5月,调查了阳澄湖网围养殖区及对应湖泊区域3组对照点的浮游植物群落结构特征,分析了浮游植物群落结构与环境变量之间的关系,利用多种参数对其水质进行评价。经鉴定,共采集到浮游植物8门116属275种,网围内主要优势种为不定微囊藻(Microcyst isincerta)、铜绿微囊藻(M.aeruginosa)和伪鱼腥藻属未定种(Pseudoanabaena sp.),网围外主要优势种为不定微囊藻、铜绿微囊藻、伪鱼腥藻属未定种及密集微囊藻(M. densa)。网围内浮游植物生物密度年均值[(3 143. 38±3 660. 84)×104个/L]及生物量[(3. 71±2. 31) mg/L]均低于网围外湖区对照点生物密度年均值[(3 830. 77±4 296. 56)×104个/L]及生物量[(5. 24±4. 10) mg/L]。冗余分析(RDA)表明,水温是影响浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子,与生物密度呈正相关关系。水质分析表明,网围内外水体均为富营养化中污染水平,且3组对照点之间无显著性差异(P> 0. 05)。
From June 2008 to May 2009,the phytoplankton community structure characteristics of the net-pen closing area and three corresponding points in Yangcheng Lake were investigated,the relationship between the phytoplankton community structure and environmental variables was analyzed,and multiple parameters were used to evaluate water quality. A total of 275 species,belonging to 116 genera of 8 phyla,were identified. In net-pen closure area,Microcystis incerta,M. aeruginosa and Pseudoanabaena sp. were the dominant species,while Microcystis incerta,Merismopedia aeruginosa,Pseudoanabaena sp. and M. densa were dominant in lake area. The annual mean value of density [( 3 143. 38 ± 3 660. 84) × 104 cell/L] and biomass [( 3. 71 ±2. 31) mg/L]of phytoplankton in the lake area were lower than the average value of density [( 3 830. 77 ±4 296. 56) × 104 cell/L] and biomass [( 5. 24 ± 4. 10) mg/L] in net-pen closure area. The results of redundancy analysis( RDA) suggested that temperature was the main environmental factor affecting the community structure of phytoplankton,and it had a significant positive correlation with the density of phytoplankton. Water quality analysis indicated that the water in the net-pen closure area and lake area was all meso-eutrophicated,and there was no significant difference among the 3 groups.
From June 2008 to May 2009,the phytoplankton community structure characteristics of the net-pen closing area and three corresponding points in Yangcheng Lake were investigated,the relationship between the phytoplankton community structure and environmental variables was analyzed,and multiple parameters were used to evaluate water quality. A total of 275 species,belonging to 116 genera of 8 phyla,were identified. In net-pen closure area,Microcystis incerta,M. aeruginosa and Pseudoanabaena sp. were the dominant species,while Microcystis incerta,Merismopedia aeruginosa,Pseudoanabaena sp. and M. densa were dominant in lake area. The annual mean value of density [( 3 143. 38 ± 3 660. 84) × 104 cell/L] and biomass [( 3. 71 ±2. 31) mg/L]of phytoplankton in the lake area were lower than the average value of density [( 3 830. 77 ±4 296. 56) × 104 cell/L] and biomass [( 5. 24 ± 4. 10) mg/L] in net-pen closure area. The results of redundancy analysis( RDA) suggested that temperature was the main environmental factor affecting the community structure of phytoplankton,and it had a significant positive correlation with the density of phytoplankton. Water quality analysis indicated that the water in the net-pen closure area and lake area was all meso-eutrophicated,and there was no significant difference among the 3 groups.
引文
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[23]王云龙,袁骥,沈新强.长江口及邻近水域春季浮游植物的生态特征[J].中国水产科学,2005,12(3):300-306.WANG Y L,YUAN J,SHEN X Q.Ecological character of phytoplankton in spring in the Yangtze River estuary and adjacent waters[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2005,12(3):300-306.
[24]TSIRTSIS G,KARYDIS M.Evaluation of phytoplankton community indices for detecting eutrophic trends in the marine environment[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,1998,50(3):255-269.
[25]CARLSON R E.A trophic state index for lakes[J].Limnology and Oceanography,1997,22(2):361-369.
[26]MILAUER P,LEPJ.Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO 5[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2014.
[27]黄玉瑶.内陆水域污染生态学-原理与应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.HUANG Y Y.Pollution ecology of inland waters[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001.
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