Performance Analyses of Production Inventory Systems Considering Service Time and Product Returns of Online Shopping
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摘要
This paper considers a production inventory system with service time and product returns,dependent on the characteristics of online shopping behaviors. The customers arrive according to a Poisson process, in which the arriving customer requires an item in the inventory, as well as a server service that the service time is exponentially distributed. Moreover, there is one production facility to produce items according to(s, S) policy, and the production time also follows an exponential distribution. In the beginning, the stationary joint distribution is obtained in the product form for the queue length and the on-hand inventory level. Additionally, the resulting distribution is applied to derive some performance measures, which can be adopted to numerically calculate the optimal(s, S)policy. Finally, numerical analyses are processed to investigate the effects of some system parameters on the performance measures. The numerical results clearly indicate that the product return rate has a significantly monotonic effect on the optimal policy and optimal cost.
This paper considers a production inventory system with service time and product returns,dependent on the characteristics of online shopping behaviors. The customers arrive according to a Poisson process, in which the arriving customer requires an item in the inventory, as well as a server service that the service time is exponentially distributed. Moreover, there is one production facility to produce items according to(s, S) policy, and the production time also follows an exponential distribution. In the beginning, the stationary joint distribution is obtained in the product form for the queue length and the on-hand inventory level. Additionally, the resulting distribution is applied to derive some performance measures, which can be adopted to numerically calculate the optimal(s, S)policy. Finally, numerical analyses are processed to investigate the effects of some system parameters on the performance measures. The numerical results clearly indicate that the product return rate has a significantly monotonic effect on the optimal policy and optimal cost.
This paper considers a production inventory system with service time and product returns,dependent on the characteristics of online shopping behaviors. The customers arrive according to a Poisson process, in which the arriving customer requires an item in the inventory, as well as a server service that the service time is exponentially distributed. Moreover, there is one production facility to produce items according to(s, S) policy, and the production time also follows an exponential distribution. In the beginning, the stationary joint distribution is obtained in the product form for the queue length and the on-hand inventory level. Additionally, the resulting distribution is applied to derive some performance measures, which can be adopted to numerically calculate the optimal(s, S)policy. Finally, numerical analyses are processed to investigate the effects of some system parameters on the performance measures. The numerical results clearly indicate that the product return rate has a significantly monotonic effect on the optimal policy and optimal cost.
引文
[1]China’s E-commerce GMV Surpassed 20 Trillion Yuan in 2016,http://www.iresearchchina.com/content/details7730424.html/.
[2]Ofek E,Katona Z,and Sarvary M,Bricks and clicks:The impact of product returns on the strategies of multichannel retailers,Market Science,2011,30(1):42-60.
[3]Online sales growth puts retailers at risk of over-stating Christmas sales in their new year trading reports,http://fits.me/online-sales-growth-puts-retailers-at-risk-of-over-chrismas-sales-in-theirnew-year-trading-reports/.
[4]Online retailers tackle high rate of customer returns,http://abcnews.go.com/Business/onlineshopping-transactions-returned/story?id=21312312/.
[5]Mitra S,Analysis of a two-echelon inventory system with returns,Omega,2009,37:106-115.
[6]Parvini M,Atashi A,Husseini S M M,et al.,A two-echelon inventory model with product returns considering demands dependent return rates,The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,72(1-4):107-118.
[7]Flapper S D P,Gayon J P,and Vercraene S,Control of a production-inventory system with returns under imperfect advance return information,European Journal of Operational Research,2012,218(2):392-400.
[8]Li X,Managing dynamic inventory system with product returns:A Markov decision process,Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications,2013,157(2):577-592.
[9]Vercraene S and Gayon J P,Optimal control of a production-inventory system with product returns,International Journal of Production Economics,2013,142:302-310.
[10]Yan X,Liu K,and Wang Y,Optimal pricing,production,and sales policies for new product under supply constraint,Journal of Systems Science and Complexity,2014,27(2):289-306.
[11]Zhang J,Niu B,and Li J,Optimal pricing and inventory policy with order cancelations under the cash-on-delivery payment scheme,Journal of Systems Science and Complexity,2014,27(5):970-992.
[12]Zied H,Sofiene D,and Nidhal R,Joint optimization of maintenance and production policies with subcontracting and product returns,Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,2014,25(3):589-602.
[13]Huynh C H,So K C,and Gurnani H,Managing a closed-loop supply system with random returns and a cyclic delivery schedule,European Journal of Operational Research,2016,255(3):787-796.
[14]Shaharudin M R,Govindan K,Zailani S,et al.,Production return management:Linking product returns,closed-loop supply chain activities and the effectiveness of the reverse supply chains,Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,149:1144-1156.
[15]Parvini M,Atashi A,Husseini S M M,et al.,A two-echelon inventory model with product returns considering demands dependent return rates,The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,72(1-4):107-118.
[16]Haji R,Haji A,and Saffari M,Queueing inventory system in a two-level supply chain with one-for-one ordering policy,Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering,2011,5(1):52-62.
[17]Li N and Jiang Z,Modeling and optimization of a product-service system with additional service capacity and impatient customers,Computer&Operations Research,2013,40:1923-1937.
[18]Krishnamoorthy A and Viswanath C N,Production inventory with service time and vacation to the server,IMA Journal of Management Mathematics,2011,22(1):33-45.
[19]Krishnamoorthy A and Viswanath N C,Stochastic decomposition in production inventory with service time,European Journal of Operational Research,2013,228(2):358-366.
[20]Baek J W and Moon S K,The M/M/1 queue with a production-inventory system and lost sales,Applied Mathematics and Computation,2014,233:534-544.
[21]Baek J W and Moon S K,A production-inventory system with Markovian service queue and lost sales,Journal of the Korean Statistical Society,2016,45(1):14-24.
[22]Wang K,Lan S,and Jiang Z,Impact of customers impatience on a production service system,International Journal of Production Research,2016,54(9):2731-2749.
[23]Fleischmann M and Kuik R,On optimal inventory control with independent stochastic item returns,European Journal of Operational Research,2003,151:25-37.
[24]Fleischmann M,Kuik R,and Dekker R,Controlling inventories with stochastic item returns:Abasic model,European Journal of Operational Research,2002,138:63-75.
[2]Ofek E,Katona Z,and Sarvary M,Bricks and clicks:The impact of product returns on the strategies of multichannel retailers,Market Science,2011,30(1):42-60.
[3]Online sales growth puts retailers at risk of over-stating Christmas sales in their new year trading reports,http://fits.me/online-sales-growth-puts-retailers-at-risk-of-over-chrismas-sales-in-theirnew-year-trading-reports/.
[4]Online retailers tackle high rate of customer returns,http://abcnews.go.com/Business/onlineshopping-transactions-returned/story?id=21312312/.
[5]Mitra S,Analysis of a two-echelon inventory system with returns,Omega,2009,37:106-115.
[6]Parvini M,Atashi A,Husseini S M M,et al.,A two-echelon inventory model with product returns considering demands dependent return rates,The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,72(1-4):107-118.
[7]Flapper S D P,Gayon J P,and Vercraene S,Control of a production-inventory system with returns under imperfect advance return information,European Journal of Operational Research,2012,218(2):392-400.
[8]Li X,Managing dynamic inventory system with product returns:A Markov decision process,Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications,2013,157(2):577-592.
[9]Vercraene S and Gayon J P,Optimal control of a production-inventory system with product returns,International Journal of Production Economics,2013,142:302-310.
[10]Yan X,Liu K,and Wang Y,Optimal pricing,production,and sales policies for new product under supply constraint,Journal of Systems Science and Complexity,2014,27(2):289-306.
[11]Zhang J,Niu B,and Li J,Optimal pricing and inventory policy with order cancelations under the cash-on-delivery payment scheme,Journal of Systems Science and Complexity,2014,27(5):970-992.
[12]Zied H,Sofiene D,and Nidhal R,Joint optimization of maintenance and production policies with subcontracting and product returns,Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,2014,25(3):589-602.
[13]Huynh C H,So K C,and Gurnani H,Managing a closed-loop supply system with random returns and a cyclic delivery schedule,European Journal of Operational Research,2016,255(3):787-796.
[14]Shaharudin M R,Govindan K,Zailani S,et al.,Production return management:Linking product returns,closed-loop supply chain activities and the effectiveness of the reverse supply chains,Journal of Cleaner Production,2017,149:1144-1156.
[15]Parvini M,Atashi A,Husseini S M M,et al.,A two-echelon inventory model with product returns considering demands dependent return rates,The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2014,72(1-4):107-118.
[16]Haji R,Haji A,and Saffari M,Queueing inventory system in a two-level supply chain with one-for-one ordering policy,Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering,2011,5(1):52-62.
[17]Li N and Jiang Z,Modeling and optimization of a product-service system with additional service capacity and impatient customers,Computer&Operations Research,2013,40:1923-1937.
[18]Krishnamoorthy A and Viswanath C N,Production inventory with service time and vacation to the server,IMA Journal of Management Mathematics,2011,22(1):33-45.
[19]Krishnamoorthy A and Viswanath N C,Stochastic decomposition in production inventory with service time,European Journal of Operational Research,2013,228(2):358-366.
[20]Baek J W and Moon S K,The M/M/1 queue with a production-inventory system and lost sales,Applied Mathematics and Computation,2014,233:534-544.
[21]Baek J W and Moon S K,A production-inventory system with Markovian service queue and lost sales,Journal of the Korean Statistical Society,2016,45(1):14-24.
[22]Wang K,Lan S,and Jiang Z,Impact of customers impatience on a production service system,International Journal of Production Research,2016,54(9):2731-2749.
[23]Fleischmann M and Kuik R,On optimal inventory control with independent stochastic item returns,European Journal of Operational Research,2003,151:25-37.
[24]Fleischmann M,Kuik R,and Dekker R,Controlling inventories with stochastic item returns:Abasic model,European Journal of Operational Research,2002,138:63-75.