Kooij方法预估固体火箭发动机中丁羟包覆层老化寿命
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摘要
为了准确地预估固体火箭发动机中丁羟包覆层的贮存寿命,开展了50,60,70℃和80℃时的加速老化试验,用对数模型、幂函数模型和指数模型研究了丁羟包覆层的最大延伸率随贮存时间的变化。选取Kooij方程作为丁羟包覆层的老化模型,预估了试样的常温贮存寿命。结果表明,α=0.4时的幂函数模型能描述最大延伸率随时间的变化规律。所得老化反应的表观活化能约为29 kJ·mol~(-1),远小于60 kJ·mol~(-1),表示在50~80℃下进行的老化反应易于发生。以最大延伸率下降50%为失效准则,预估丁羟包覆层的常温贮存寿命为15.62年,能满足包覆层的老化性能要求。
To accurately predict the storage life of hydroxyl?terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)coating in solid rocket motor,accelerated aging tests at 50,60,70 ℃ and 80 ℃ were carried out. Logarithmic model,power function model and exponential model were used to study the maximum elongation of HTPB coating with storage time. Kooij equation was regarded as the aging model,and the storage life of HTPB coating at normal temperature was predicted. Results show that the power function model with α = 0.4 can describe the variation law of maximum elongation with time. The apparent activation energy of the aging reac?tion obtained is 29 kJ·mol~(-1) approximately,which is far less than 60 kJ·mol~(-1),revealing that the aging reaction during 50 ℃ to80 ℃ is easy to occur. Taking the maximum elongation decrease of 50% as the failure criterion,the storage life of the estimated HTPB coating at normal temperature is 15.62 years,which can meet the aging performance requirements of the coating.
To accurately predict the storage life of hydroxyl?terminated polybutadiene(HTPB)coating in solid rocket motor,accelerated aging tests at 50,60,70 ℃ and 80 ℃ were carried out. Logarithmic model,power function model and exponential model were used to study the maximum elongation of HTPB coating with storage time. Kooij equation was regarded as the aging model,and the storage life of HTPB coating at normal temperature was predicted. Results show that the power function model with α = 0.4 can describe the variation law of maximum elongation with time. The apparent activation energy of the aging reac?tion obtained is 29 kJ·mol~(-1) approximately,which is far less than 60 kJ·mol~(-1),revealing that the aging reaction during 50 ℃ to80 ℃ is easy to occur. Taking the maximum elongation decrease of 50% as the failure criterion,the storage life of the estimated HTPB coating at normal temperature is 15.62 years,which can meet the aging performance requirements of the coating.
引文
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[16]陈海建,滕克难,李波,等.基于修正Arrhenius方法的SRM药柱储存寿命预估[J].弹箭与制导学报,2011,31(4):232-239.CHEN Hai?jian,TENG Ke?nan,LI Bo,et al.A research of solid rocket motor grain storage life forecast based on modified Arrhenius method[J]. Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2011,31(4):232-239.
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[18]张昊,罗怀德,杜娟.线性活化能法预估推进剂贮存寿命研究[J].固体火箭技术,2002,25(2):56-58.ZHANG Hao,LUO Huai?de,DU Juan.Linear activation energy method for predicting service life of propellant[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2002,25(2):56-58.
[19]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:156-174.SHENG Zhou,XIE Shi?qian,PAN Cheng?yi.Probability theory and mathematical statistics[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001:156-174.
[20]曹付齐,刘志成,李小换.某固体火箭发动机装药加速老化试验与贮存寿命预测[J].航空兵器,2014(4):58-61.CAO Fu?qi,LIU Zhi?cheng,LI Xiao?huan.Research on acceler?ated aging test and storage life prediction of solid rocket motor charge[J]. Aero Weaponry,2014(4):58-61.
[21]邱哲明.固体火箭发动机材料与工艺[M].北京:北京宇航出版社,1995:252-253.QIU Zhe?ming. Solid rocket engine materials and technology[M]. Beijing:China Aerospace Publishing House,1995:252-253.
[2]孙长印.丁羟包覆层的强制老化试验[J].航空兵器,1984(4):30-34.SUN Chang?yin.Forced aging test of HTPB inhibitor[J]. Aviation Weapons,1984(4):30-34.
[3]陈汝训.固体火箭发动机设计与研究[M].北京:北京宇航出版社,1991:460-472.CHEN Ru?xun. Design and research of solid rocket engine[M].Beijing:China Aerospace Publishing House,1991:460-472.
[4]杜永强,郑坚,彭威,等. HTPB推进剂贮存老化建模及寿命预估研究综述[J].化工进展,2016,35(增刊):219-224.DU Yong?qiang,ZHENG Jian,PENG Wei,et al. Review of the research of aging modeling and life prediction for HTPB pro?pellant[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(Suppl.):219-224.
[5] Gillen K T,Celinam M,Bernestein.Review of the ultrasensitive oxygen consumption method for making more reliable extrapo?lated predictions of polymer lifetimes[J]. Ann Tech Conf Soc Plast Eng,2004,62:2289.
[6] HUANG W,DUANE L. An alternative degradation reliability modeling approach using maximum likelihood estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Reliability,2005,54(2):310-317.
[7] Celina M,Gillen K T,Assink R A. Accelerated aging and life?time prediction:review of non?Arrhenius behavior due to two competing processes[J]. Polym Degrad Stab,2005,90:395.
[8]高大元,何碧,何松伟,等.Arrhenius方法的局限性讨论[J].含能材料,2006,14(2):132-135.GAO Da?yuan,HE Bi,HE Song?wei,et al.Discussion on limita?tion of the Arrhenius methodology[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2006,14(2):132-135.
[9]杜永强,郑坚,彭威,等.基于分段老化模型的HTPB推进剂贮存寿命[J].含能材料,2016,24(10):936-940.DU Yong?qiang,ZHENG Jian,PENG Wei,et al.Storage life of HTPB propellant based on segmented aging model[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2016,24(10):936-940.
[10]周洁,姚军,宋燕.基于分段非线性Arrhenius的贮存寿命评估方法[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2015,41(4):744-750.ZHOU Jie,YAO Jun,SONG Yan.Storage life evaluation meth?od based on segmented nonlinear Arrhenius model[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2015,41(4):744-750.
[11]张兴高.HTPB推进剂贮存老化特性及寿命预估研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2009:79-85.ZHANG Xing?gao. Study on the aging properties and storage life prediction of HTPB propellant[D]. Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2009:79-85.
[12] Cerri S,Bohn M A,Menke K,et al. Aging behavior of HTPB based rocket propellant formulations[J]. Central European Journal of Energetic Materials,2009,6(12):149-165.
[13]丁世俊,王英英.HTPB贮存老化性能[J].固体火箭技术,2001,24(4):50-55.DING Shi?jun,WANG Ying?ying. Storage aging performance for HTPB[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2001,24(4):50-55.
[14]钱艺华,肖红照,赵耀洪,等.模拟变压器工作环境下的丁腈橡胶老化研究及寿命预测[J].变压器,2017,54(11):19-25.QIAN Yi?hua,XIAO Hong?zhao,ZHAO Yao?hong,et al. Life?time prediction and research on aging of NBR under operating environment of transformer[J]. Transformer,2017,54(11):19-25.
[15]张检,王海刚.氯丁橡胶的老化和寿命预测研究[J].橡塑技术与装备(塑料),2017,43(16):24-26.ZHANG Jian,WANG Hai?gang. Study on aging and life predic?tion of chloroprene rubber[J]. China Rubber/Plastic Technology and Equipment(Plastics),2017,43(16):24-26.
[16]陈海建,滕克难,李波,等.基于修正Arrhenius方法的SRM药柱储存寿命预估[J].弹箭与制导学报,2011,31(4):232-239.CHEN Hai?jian,TENG Ke?nan,LI Bo,et al.A research of solid rocket motor grain storage life forecast based on modified Arrhenius method[J]. Journal of Projectiles,Rockets,Missiles and Guidance,2011,31(4):232-239.
[17]胡荣祖,赵凤起,高红旭,等.非线性等转换率的微、积分法及其在含能材料物理化学研究中的应用V.基于Kooij公式的理论和数值方法[J].含能材料,2008,16(3):290-308.HU Rong?zu,ZHAO Feng?qi,GAO Hong?xu,et al.Differential and integral isoconversional non?linear Methods and their ap?plication in Physical Chemistry study of Energetic Materials V.theory and Numerical Method Based on Kooij′s Formula[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2008,16(3):290-308.
[18]张昊,罗怀德,杜娟.线性活化能法预估推进剂贮存寿命研究[J].固体火箭技术,2002,25(2):56-58.ZHANG Hao,LUO Huai?de,DU Juan.Linear activation energy method for predicting service life of propellant[J]. Journal of Solid Rocket Technology,2002,25(2):56-58.
[19]盛骤,谢式千,潘承毅.概率论与数理统计[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001:156-174.SHENG Zhou,XIE Shi?qian,PAN Cheng?yi.Probability theory and mathematical statistics[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press,2001:156-174.
[20]曹付齐,刘志成,李小换.某固体火箭发动机装药加速老化试验与贮存寿命预测[J].航空兵器,2014(4):58-61.CAO Fu?qi,LIU Zhi?cheng,LI Xiao?huan.Research on acceler?ated aging test and storage life prediction of solid rocket motor charge[J]. Aero Weaponry,2014(4):58-61.
[21]邱哲明.固体火箭发动机材料与工艺[M].北京:北京宇航出版社,1995:252-253.QIU Zhe?ming. Solid rocket engine materials and technology[M]. Beijing:China Aerospace Publishing House,1995:252-253.