硅酸钙板轻型木结构剪力墙抗震性能试验研究
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摘要
针对具有较好抗火性能的硅酸钙板作为覆面板的轻型木结构剪力墙进行抗震性能试验研究。首先对5组不同类型面板-龙骨节点,共50个试件开展单调加载试验,分析不同类型节点的破坏模式、承载能力和变形能力。在节点研究的基础上,对4片墙体进行低周反复试验,得到其破坏模式、极限荷载、位移延性系数等。研究结果表明:改变面板和龙骨材料可以显著提高节点的刚度和承载力;国产杨木胶合板、硅酸钙板和杨木LVL材可以取代进口的OSB板和SPF规格材作为轻型木结构剪力墙的覆面板材和龙骨材料;硅酸钙板不仅可以取代木基板作为结构板,又可以充当防火板,一板二用;厚10 mm的硅酸钙板作为墙体面板较佳。基于OpenSees软件开展了墙体单调与反复荷载作用下的有限元分析,分析结果与试验吻合较好。利用有限元分析方法,求得墙体承载力的变异系数为16.5%;基于试验和有限元分析的结果给出硅酸钙板轻型木结构剪力墙的抗剪强度设计值。
Experimental study on seismic behavior of light wood-framed shear wall with superposition of calcium silicate panels with good fire resistance as cladding was carried out. Monotonic loading tests were conducted on 50 specimens of five different types of sheathing-to-framing joints to analyze the failure modes, bearing capacity and deformation capacity. On the basis of the study of joints, four walls were performed of cyclic tests to get the failure modes, bearing capacity, displacement ductility coefficient, etc. The research results show that stiffness and bearing capacity of joints can be significantly increased by changing the materials of panel and keel. The domestic poplar plywood, calcium silicate panel and poplar LVL can replace the imported OSB and SPF as the materials of panel and keel of light wood-framed shear walls. Calcium silicate panel can not only replace the wood panel as the structural panel, but also can act as a fireproof panel. A 10 mm-thick calcium silicate panel is preferred as a wall panel. Then, based on OpenSees, the numerical analysis of the walls considering the monotonic and cyclic loading are carried out, and the analysis results are in good agreement with the test results. The coefficient of variation of bearing capacity is 16.5% through the numerical analysis method. Based on experiments and finite elements analysis results, the shear strength of light wood-framed shear walls with calcium silicate panels is given.
Experimental study on seismic behavior of light wood-framed shear wall with superposition of calcium silicate panels with good fire resistance as cladding was carried out. Monotonic loading tests were conducted on 50 specimens of five different types of sheathing-to-framing joints to analyze the failure modes, bearing capacity and deformation capacity. On the basis of the study of joints, four walls were performed of cyclic tests to get the failure modes, bearing capacity, displacement ductility coefficient, etc. The research results show that stiffness and bearing capacity of joints can be significantly increased by changing the materials of panel and keel. The domestic poplar plywood, calcium silicate panel and poplar LVL can replace the imported OSB and SPF as the materials of panel and keel of light wood-framed shear walls. Calcium silicate panel can not only replace the wood panel as the structural panel, but also can act as a fireproof panel. A 10 mm-thick calcium silicate panel is preferred as a wall panel. Then, based on OpenSees, the numerical analysis of the walls considering the monotonic and cyclic loading are carried out, and the analysis results are in good agreement with the test results. The coefficient of variation of bearing capacity is 16.5% through the numerical analysis method. Based on experiments and finite elements analysis results, the shear strength of light wood-framed shear walls with calcium silicate panels is given.
引文
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[13] ASTM.Standard test methods for determining bending yield moment of nails: ASTM F1575-03[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2003.
[14] ASTM.Standard test methods for mechanical fasteners in wood: ASTM D1761-88[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2005.
[15] International Organization for Standardization. Timber structures-Joints made with mechanical fasteners-quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method: ISO-16670[S]. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2003.
[16] ASTM.Standard test methods for cyclic(reversed) load test for shear resistance of vertical elements of the lateral force resisting systems for buildings: ASTM E2126-09[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2009.
[17] 武国芳. 小径木轻型木结构体系及受力性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2015: 80-81. (WU Guofang. Light wood frame construction utilizing small-diameter round timber and investigation of the structural behaviour[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2015: 80-81. (in Chinese))
[18] 建筑抗震试验规程: JGJ/T 101—2015[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2015.(Specification for seismic test of buildings: JGJ/T 101—2015[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2015. (in Chinese))
[19] 熊海贝,化明星,杨春梅,等. 低周反复荷载作用下钉节点性能试验研究[J]. 四川建筑科学研究, 2012, 38(4): 1-5.(XIONG Haibei, HUA Mingxing, YANG Chunmei, et al. Test research on the behavior of nail joints under cyclic loading[J]. Sichuan Building Science, 2012, 38(4): 1-5. (in Chinese))
[20] 熊海贝,潘志付,康加华,化明星. 轻型木结构面板钉节点单调加载试验研究[J]. 结构工程师, 2011, 27(6): 106-112.(XIONG Haibei, PAN Zhifu, KANG Jiahua, HUA Mingxing. Test study on behavior of stud-to-sheathing nail joints under monotonic load in light wood frame constructions[J]. Structural Engineers, 2011, 27(6): 106-112. (in Chinese))
[2] PRICE E W, GROMALA D S. Racking strength of walls sheathed with structural fIakeboards made from southern species[J]. Forest Products Journal, 1980, 32(12): 19-23.
[3] GRAY G, ZACHER E G. Dynamic testing of wood shear panels, spurred by seismic concern in California[J].The AIA Journal: Architect, 1988, 77(3): 121-124.
[4] DOLAN J D, MADSEN B. Monotonic and cyclic tests of timber shear walls[J]. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 1992, 19(3): 415-422.
[5] KARACABEYLI E, CECCOTT A. Nailed wood-frame shear walls for seismic loads: test results and design considerations[C]// Proceedings of Structural Engineering World Wide. New York: Elsevier Science, 1998: T207-6.
[6] 何敏娟,周楠楠. 不同覆面材料木剪力墙抗侧性能试验研究[J]. 同济大学学报, 2011, 39(3): 340-345. (HE Minjuan, ZHOU Nannan. Experimental study on racking performance of light-frame shear walls with various sheathing materials[J]. Journal of Tongji University, 2011, 39(3): 340-345. (in Chinese))
[7] CORREAL J F. Experimental study of glued laminated guadua bamboo panel as an alternative shear wall sheathing material[J]. Key Engineering Materials, 2012, 517: 164-170.
[8] 李智,肖岩,王睿,等. 竹胶合覆面板轻型木结构剪力墙抗震性能研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2013, 34(9): 142-149. (LI Zi, XIAO Yan, WANG Rui, et al. Experimental studies of light-weight woodframe shear walls with ply-bamboo sheathing panels[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2013, 34(9): 142-149. (in Chinese))
[9] 木结构设计规范: GB 50005—2017[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2018. (Code for design of timber structures: GB 50005—2017[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2018. (in Chinese))
[10] 木结构试验方法标准: GB/T 50329—2012[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2012. (Standard for methods testing of timber structures: GB/T 50329—2012[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2012. (in Chinese))
[11] 木材顺纹抗压弹性模量测定方法: GB/T 15777—1995[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 1995. (Method for determination of the modulus of elasticity in compressive parallel to grain of wood: GB/T 15777—1995[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1995. (in Chinese))
[12] 人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法: GB/T 17657—2013[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2014. (Test methods of evaluating the properties of wood-based panels and surface decorated wood-based panels: GB/T 17657—2013[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2014.(in Chinese))
[13] ASTM.Standard test methods for determining bending yield moment of nails: ASTM F1575-03[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2003.
[14] ASTM.Standard test methods for mechanical fasteners in wood: ASTM D1761-88[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2005.
[15] International Organization for Standardization. Timber structures-Joints made with mechanical fasteners-quasi-static reversed-cyclic test method: ISO-16670[S]. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization, 2003.
[16] ASTM.Standard test methods for cyclic(reversed) load test for shear resistance of vertical elements of the lateral force resisting systems for buildings: ASTM E2126-09[S]. West Conshohocken,Pennsylvania: America Society of Testing and Materials, 2009.
[17] 武国芳. 小径木轻型木结构体系及受力性能研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2015: 80-81. (WU Guofang. Light wood frame construction utilizing small-diameter round timber and investigation of the structural behaviour[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2015: 80-81. (in Chinese))
[18] 建筑抗震试验规程: JGJ/T 101—2015[S]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2015.(Specification for seismic test of buildings: JGJ/T 101—2015[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press, 2015. (in Chinese))
[19] 熊海贝,化明星,杨春梅,等. 低周反复荷载作用下钉节点性能试验研究[J]. 四川建筑科学研究, 2012, 38(4): 1-5.(XIONG Haibei, HUA Mingxing, YANG Chunmei, et al. Test research on the behavior of nail joints under cyclic loading[J]. Sichuan Building Science, 2012, 38(4): 1-5. (in Chinese))
[20] 熊海贝,潘志付,康加华,化明星. 轻型木结构面板钉节点单调加载试验研究[J]. 结构工程师, 2011, 27(6): 106-112.(XIONG Haibei, PAN Zhifu, KANG Jiahua, HUA Mingxing. Test study on behavior of stud-to-sheathing nail joints under monotonic load in light wood frame constructions[J]. Structural Engineers, 2011, 27(6): 106-112. (in Chinese))