职业医学临床人才培养中的问题和对策
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摘要
我国尚缺乏完善的职业医学临床医师的高等院校培养体系及住院医师继续教育体系,人才培养模式、教学内容、教学方法和手段亟待改革完善。应尽快在国内建立完整的职业医学临床医师高等院校培养体系与继续教育体系;提高职业医学教师素质、扩大授课教师范围、改进教学模式及教学内容,借鉴传染病学、精神医学的人才培养模式,在高校临床医学专业开设临床职业病学教学;应将临床职业医学纳人临床医学管理体系推动学科发展。建议完善相关法律、法规,取消职业病诊治中的不当条框限制,扩大职业医学临床医师服务范畴和服务对象,在职业病防控中发挥职业医学临床医师的全方位服务功能,促进职业医学人才培养、学科发展与职业病防控。
Clinical personnel of occupational medicine is still and will be a serious challenge in a very long time in China. Many problems related to talents cultivation, the intents of education, and the model and methods of education systems need improvement and development. Taking into account the above existing problems and how to promote the talents cultivation, we suggest that establishing the effective educational system in medical universities and carrying out the standardized training in residents for occupational medicine, taking occupational medicine as the compulsory classes for both preventive and clinical medical students, supervising the occupational medicine as a clinical medical course, and amending the related laws and regulations that prevent clinical personnel from their development and improvement, are key important steps, as well as giving clinical personnel more power to serve all patients with occupational diseases at any time and any places. All above steps will be of great significance for the cultivation of senior occupational medical professionals, the development of occupational medicine and the prevention and control of occupational diseases in China.
Clinical personnel of occupational medicine is still and will be a serious challenge in a very long time in China. Many problems related to talents cultivation, the intents of education, and the model and methods of education systems need improvement and development. Taking into account the above existing problems and how to promote the talents cultivation, we suggest that establishing the effective educational system in medical universities and carrying out the standardized training in residents for occupational medicine, taking occupational medicine as the compulsory classes for both preventive and clinical medical students, supervising the occupational medicine as a clinical medical course, and amending the related laws and regulations that prevent clinical personnel from their development and improvement, are key important steps, as well as giving clinical personnel more power to serve all patients with occupational diseases at any time and any places. All above steps will be of great significance for the cultivation of senior occupational medical professionals, the development of occupational medicine and the prevention and control of occupational diseases in China.
引文
[1]张忠彬,陈刚,张圆媛.我国职业病危害防治现状、问题与对策探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014, 10(suppl):51-54.
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[4]马俊香,郭彩霞,田琳,等.职业卫生与职业医学实验教学课题式教学法的应用探讨[J].基础医学教育,2017,19(2):130-133.
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[10]李燕,赵德发.职业病临床医师规范化培训探讨[J].职业卫生与病伤,2012, 27(6):376-377.
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[12]张雁林,陈明,郭利霞,等.职业病临床教学中问题导向式学习模式的应用进展[J].职业与健康,2017, 33(20):2870-2872.
[13]陈璠,刘耕.情景教学在医学高级模拟教学中的应用.中国病案,2018, 19(3):95-112.
[14]付颖,赵冬.精准医学结合PBL与CBL教学法在内分泌科教学中的应用.中国病案,2017, 18(5):83-88.
[15]朱素蓉,戴云,高智群,等.我国职业病防治法律体系的历史、现状和发展[J].环境与职业医学,2013, 30(11):839-846.
[2]贾光.中国职业病现状[J].现代职业安全,2015, 15(11):106-107.
[3] Song Y, Li X, Du X. Exposure to nano particles is related to pleural effusion, pulmonary fibrosis and granuloma[J]. Eur Respir J, 2009, 34(3):559-567.
[4]马俊香,郭彩霞,田琳,等.职业卫生与职业医学实验教学课题式教学法的应用探讨[J].基础医学教育,2017,19(2):130-133.
[5]赵金垣.临床职业病学[M]. 3版.北京:北京大学医学出版社,2017:1-3.
[6]陈佰锋,陈玉娟,丁书姝,等.职业卫生与职业医学教学改革需求分析[J].卫生职业教育,2014, 32(3):114-115.
[7]郭彩霞,马俊香,朱钟慧,等.职业卫生与职业医学实验教学的思考[J].基础医学教育,2016, 18(10):811-814.
[8]王春华,张利文,张强.职业卫生与职业医学的应用型人才培养模式[J].高教学刊,2017(10):143-144.
[9]菅向东,隋宏,阐宝甜,等.重视并积极开展职业病临床住院医师规范化培训工作[J].中国工业医学,2005, 18(6):363-364.
[10]李燕,赵德发.职业病临床医师规范化培训探讨[J].职业卫生与病伤,2012, 27(6):376-377.
[11]徐希娴,李树强.职业病学科发展中医学整合是趋势,重点学科建设是契机[J].中国工业医学杂志,2011,24(6):470-472.
[12]张雁林,陈明,郭利霞,等.职业病临床教学中问题导向式学习模式的应用进展[J].职业与健康,2017, 33(20):2870-2872.
[13]陈璠,刘耕.情景教学在医学高级模拟教学中的应用.中国病案,2018, 19(3):95-112.
[14]付颖,赵冬.精准医学结合PBL与CBL教学法在内分泌科教学中的应用.中国病案,2017, 18(5):83-88.
[15]朱素蓉,戴云,高智群,等.我国职业病防治法律体系的历史、现状和发展[J].环境与职业医学,2013, 30(11):839-846.