热处理对Cu-0.8Cr-0.15Zr-2.8Co-0.7Si-0.1RE合金组织与性能的影响
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摘要
采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等测试手段,研究了热处理对Cu-0.8Cr-0.15Zr-2.8Co-0.7Si-0.1RE合金显微组织、电导率和硬度的影响。结果表明,合金铸态组织为粗大的等轴晶,基体分布着大量Co_5Cr_3Si_2相和Co、Si组成的灰色析出相;固溶处理后,晶粒明显长大,灰色析出相完全溶解,Co_5Cr_3Si_2相并未溶解;时效处理后,析出相主要有Co_5Cr_3Si_2、Co_2Si等。随固溶温度升高,合金电导率快速下降,硬度快速上升。时效处理后,合金电导率、硬度值都有大幅提高。经980℃×2h固溶+450℃×10h时效后,硬度(HV)达到218.9,电导率达到28.54 MS/m,软化温度达到686℃。
The effects of heat treatment on microstructure,electric conductivity and hardness of Cu-0.8Cr-0.15Zr-2.8Co-0.7Si-0.1RE alloy were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.The results show that the as-cast microstructure of the alloy exhibits equiaxed grains,and a large number of Co_5Cr_3Si_2 phase and gray precipitates containing Co,Si are distributed in the matrix.After solid solution treatment,the grain size is obviously increased,and the grey precipitated phase is fully dissolved,however,the Co_5Cr_3Si_2 phase is not dissolved.After aging treatment,the precipitation particles are mainly Co_5Cr_3Si_2,Co_2Si phase.With the increase of solid solution temperature,electric conductivity of the alloy is decreased rapidly,while the hardness is increased rapidly.After aging treatment,the electric conductivity and hardness of the alloy are improved greatly.After 980 ℃×2h solution treatment+450 ℃×10h aging treatment,the hardness,electric conductivity and softening temperature of the alloy reach 218.9HV,28.54MS/m and 686℃,respectively.
The effects of heat treatment on microstructure,electric conductivity and hardness of Cu-0.8Cr-0.15Zr-2.8Co-0.7Si-0.1RE alloy were investigated by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.The results show that the as-cast microstructure of the alloy exhibits equiaxed grains,and a large number of Co_5Cr_3Si_2 phase and gray precipitates containing Co,Si are distributed in the matrix.After solid solution treatment,the grain size is obviously increased,and the grey precipitated phase is fully dissolved,however,the Co_5Cr_3Si_2 phase is not dissolved.After aging treatment,the precipitation particles are mainly Co_5Cr_3Si_2,Co_2Si phase.With the increase of solid solution temperature,electric conductivity of the alloy is decreased rapidly,while the hardness is increased rapidly.After aging treatment,the electric conductivity and hardness of the alloy are improved greatly.After 980 ℃×2h solution treatment+450 ℃×10h aging treatment,the hardness,electric conductivity and softening temperature of the alloy reach 218.9HV,28.54MS/m and 686℃,respectively.
引文
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[3]WANG Z Q,ZHONG Y B,CAO G H.Influence of DC electric current on the hardness of thermally aged Cu-Cr-Zr alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2009,479:303-306.
[4]中国机械工程学会焊接学会电阻焊专业委员会编著.电阻焊理论与实践[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1992.
[5]涂芳,何柏林.点焊电极强化工艺的研究进展[J].机械工程材料,2005(1):23-26.
[6]刘平,田保红,赵冬梅.铜合金功能材料[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[7]帅歌旺,方平,郭正华,等.镀锌钢板电阻点焊电极的失效分析[J].热加工工艺,2009,38(13):122-124.
[8]帅歌旺,周平建,刘建彬.电阻点焊电极的研究进展与发展趋势[J].材料导报,2015,29(4):59-62.
[9]王庆娟,王静怡,杜忠泽,等.高性能铜铬锆合金的特点及应用[J].材料导报,2012,26(5):106-109.
[10]帅歌旺,江炳进,潘昌燃,等.热处理对点焊电极用Cu-Cr-Zr-Ni-Si合金性能的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2016,36(3):334-336.
[11]周平建.Cu-Cr-Zr-Fe-P合金组织与性能的研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2015.
[12]刘建彬.点焊电极用Cu-Ni-Si-Cr-Zr合金性能研究[D].南昌:南昌航空大学,2015.
[13]潘志勇,汪明朴,李周,等.添加微量元素对Cu-Ni-Si合金性能的影响[J].材料导报,2007,21(5):86-89.
[14]柳瑞清,谢伟滨,杨胜利,等.热处理对Cu-3.0Ni-0.75Si-0.3Co合金组织性能的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2014,34(11):1 119-1 201.
[15]陈一胜,魏梅红,段鹏征,等.不同微合金元素对Cu-Cr-Zr组织与性能的影响[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2007,27(5):404-406.
[16]孟祥锋.稀土钇对纯铜组织及导电性的影响[J].中国新通信,2015,17(12):62.
[17]庄应烘.含Co,Cr,Si的铜合金中Co5Cr3Si2相的行为[J].金属学报,1988,24(6):443-445.