Si_3N_4-hBN复相陶瓷材料在海水环境中的摩擦学特性研究
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摘要
通过热压烧结制备不同含量hBN的Si_3N_4复相陶瓷材料,利用MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机研究Si_3N_4-hBN复相陶瓷材料与Ti6Al4V钛合金在海水环境下的摩擦学性能,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)来观察分析材料的磨损形貌;同时采用EDS能谱仪对摩擦表面的元素分布进行定性分析并且对摩擦表面膜的元素分布进行定性分析.结果表明,hBN的加入降低了Si_3N_4陶瓷材料的物理力学性能;海水环境,20 N、1 000r/min条件下,纯氮化硅(0.467,1.01×10-5 mm~3/Nm)的摩擦因数和磨损率高于hBN含量为5%(0.411,5.58×10-6mm~3/Nm)和10%(0.417,6.55×10-6 mm~3/Nm)的Si_3N_4复相陶瓷材料,低于hBN含量为20%(0.505,2.07×10-5 mm~3/Nm)和30%(0.485,1.34×10-5 mm~3/Nm)的Si_3N_4复相陶瓷材料.当hBN含量为5%时,摩擦配副的摩擦因数和磨损率均最低,表明了Si_3N_4-5 wt.%hBN具有良好的摩擦学性能,这归因于TC4盘试样表面生成了具有润滑作用的SiO_2、TiO_2、Fe_2O_3、Al(OH)3和Mg(OH)2等物质,该物质不仅能改善配副摩擦的摩擦因数,还对摩擦表面起到了一定的保护作用.
Si_3N_4 ceramics composite with different contents of hBN were prepared by hot pressing,and the tribological properties of Si_3N_4-hBN ceramics composite and Ti6 Al4 Vtitanium alloy in seawater environment was studied by MMW-1 vertical universal friction and wear tester.The wear morphology of the material was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the elemental distribution of the friction surface was qualitatively analyzed by EDS spectrometer and the elemental distribution of the friction surface film was qualitatively analyzed.The result shows that the addition of hBN reduces the physical and mechanical properties of Si_3N_4 ceramics;under the conditions of seawater and 20 Nand 1 000 r/min,the friction coefficient and wear rate of pure silicon nitride(0.467,1.01×10-5 mm~3/Nm)are higher than that of hBN content 5%(0.411,5.58×10-6 mm~3/Nm)and 10%(0.417,6.55×10-6 mm~3/Nm)and lower than hBN Si_3N_4 composite ceramics with 20%(0.505,2.07×10-5 mm~3/Nm)and 30%(0.485,1.34×10-5 mm~3/Nm)content.Therefore,under the seawater environment,when the hBN content is 5%,the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the pair are the lowest,indicating that SN5 has good tribological properties,which is attributed to the formation of SiO2、TiO2、Fe2 O3、Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 materials with lubricating action on the surface of the TC4 disc.These materials can not only improve the friction coefficient of the sliding pairs,but also protect the worn surface.
Si_3N_4 ceramics composite with different contents of hBN were prepared by hot pressing,and the tribological properties of Si_3N_4-hBN ceramics composite and Ti6 Al4 Vtitanium alloy in seawater environment was studied by MMW-1 vertical universal friction and wear tester.The wear morphology of the material was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and the elemental distribution of the friction surface was qualitatively analyzed by EDS spectrometer and the elemental distribution of the friction surface film was qualitatively analyzed.The result shows that the addition of hBN reduces the physical and mechanical properties of Si_3N_4 ceramics;under the conditions of seawater and 20 Nand 1 000 r/min,the friction coefficient and wear rate of pure silicon nitride(0.467,1.01×10-5 mm~3/Nm)are higher than that of hBN content 5%(0.411,5.58×10-6 mm~3/Nm)and 10%(0.417,6.55×10-6 mm~3/Nm)and lower than hBN Si_3N_4 composite ceramics with 20%(0.505,2.07×10-5 mm~3/Nm)and 30%(0.485,1.34×10-5 mm~3/Nm)content.Therefore,under the seawater environment,when the hBN content is 5%,the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the pair are the lowest,indicating that SN5 has good tribological properties,which is attributed to the formation of SiO2、TiO2、Fe2 O3、Al(OH)3 and Mg(OH)2 materials with lubricating action on the surface of the TC4 disc.These materials can not only improve the friction coefficient of the sliding pairs,but also protect the worn surface.
引文
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[2]赵丹,徐旭仲,徐博.Ni-Zn-P合金镀层在人工模拟海水中腐蚀行为的研究[J].表面技术,2016,45(4):169-174.
[3]Cui G J,Bi Q L,Yang J.The tribological properties of Bronze-Si C-Graphite composites under seawater condition[J].Tribology International,2013,160:25-35.
[4]廖明义,辛波,励琦彪,等.水润滑橡胶轴承的制备及摩擦磨损性能研究[J].润滑与密封,2014,39(2):18-21.
[5]Rajasekaran R,Nowell D.Fetting fatigue in dovetail blade roots:Experiment and analysis[J].Tribology International,2006,39(10):1 277-1 285.
[6]艾旭.不同含量hBN陶瓷复合材料自润滑特性研究[D].西安:陕西科技大学,2016.
[7]Blugan G,Wittig D,Kuebler J.Oxidation and corrosion of silicon nitride ceramics with different sintering additives at1 200and 1 500℃in air,water vapour,SO and HCl environments-A comparative study[J].Corrosion Science,2009,51(3):547-555.
[8]王旭东,汪彩芬,朱彩强,等.三种机械密封材料的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].材料导报,2017,31(29):463-466.
[9]周芳.C+注入Si3N4陶瓷的表面结构及水润滑摩擦学特性研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.
[10]陶军.水润滑下材料的摩擦特性及在柱塞泵中应用的相关问题研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2009.
[11]高义民,王恩泽,方亮,等.蒸馏水润滑下Si3N4-白口铸铁摩擦面上表面膜形成过程的观察[J].机械科学与技术,1999,18(3):478-480.
[12]Liu N,Wang J Z,Chen B B,et al.Tribochemical aspects of siliconnitride ceramic sliding againist stainless steel under the lubrication of seawater[J].Tribology International,2013,61:205-213.
[13]乔国朝.氮化硅陶瓷超声振动铣磨加工表面完整性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.
[14]Kovalˇcíkov1A,Balko J,Bal1zsi C,et al.Influence of hBN content on mechanical and tribological properties of Si3N4/BN ceremic composites[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2014,34(14):3 319-3 328.
[15]Yuan B,Liu J X,Zhang G J,et al.Silicon nitride/boron nitride ceremic composites fabricated by reactive pressureless sintering[J].Ceramic International,2009,35(6):2 155-2 159.
[16]Cho M W,Kim D W,Cho W S.Analysis of micro-machining characteristics of Si3N4-hBN composites[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2007,27(2):1 259-1 265.
[17]Wang R G,Pan W,Chen J,et al.Fabrication and characterization of machinable Si3N4/hBN functionally graded materials[J].Materials Research Bulletin,2002,37(7):1 269-1 277.
[18]陈威,高义民,居发亮,等.Si3N4与Si3N4-hBN陶瓷配副在水润滑下的摩擦化学行为[J].西安交通大学学报,2009,43(9):75-80.
[19]陈威,高义民,陈亮,等.Si3N4-hBN陶瓷复合材料与Fe-B合金配副的摩擦学特性研究[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(3):29-36.
[20]Geringer J,Tatkiewic W,Rouchouse G.Wear behavior of peak,poly(aryl-ether-ketone),under physiological conditions,outlooks for performing these materials in the field of hip prosthesis[J].Wear,2011,271(11-12):2 793-2 803.
[21]姚燕生,袁珠珠,王园园,等.氮化硅陶瓷水下激光与超声复合加工方法及其机理研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(7):207-216.
[22]Chen W,Gao Y M,Ju F L.Tribochemical behavior of Si3N4-hBN ceramic materials with water lubrication[J].Tribology Letters,2010,37:229-238.
[23]Saito T,Imada Y,Honda F.Chemical influence on wear of Si3N4 and hBN in water[J].Wear,1999,236:153-158.
[24]王檬,朱志云,冯艳,等.Ni-Cr/hBN自润滑复合材料的摩擦学性能研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2013,4(6):37-42.
[25]Da K,Yoshio T.Corrosion of the hBN in water[J].Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan,1998,101(8):555-558.
[26]Kalin M.Influence of flash temperatures on the tribological behaviour in low-speed sliding:a review[J].Materials Science&Engineering,2004,374(1-2):390-397.