P204从深海粘土硫酸浸出液萃取钇(Y)的工艺研究
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摘要
研究深海黏土硫酸浸出液中稀土元素钇(Y)与杂质的萃取分离技术,并确定P204萃取分离工艺方案,系统考察P204萃取剂浓度、溶液酸度、萃取时间等对萃取的影响,绘制萃取等温线并对反萃方案进行探索.结果表明:深海粘土硫酸浸出液经磷酸法除铁后,可采用P204萃取Y~(3+),在最佳条件下:5%(体积分数)P204作为萃取剂,料液pH=2.5,萃取时间2 min,萃取温度25℃,萃取相比(O/A)1∶1,Y~(3+)单级萃取率可达98%以上,其萃取饱和容量接近400 mg/L,按O/A=1∶4经过4级逆流萃取,Y~(3+)萃取率可达98%以上.用7 mol/L HCl和150 g/L的硫酸均可实现Y~(3+)的高效反萃,反萃率分别为99.98%和99.85%.
The extraction and separation between rare earth elements yttrium( Y) and impurities in sulfuric acid leaching solution of deep sea clay were studied. The P204 extraction and separation process was identified and the effects of P204 extractant concentration,acidity of solution and extraction time in extraction process were investigated,the extraction isotherm was drawn and the extraction scheme was explored. The results show that P204 can be used to extract Y after removing Iron by Iron phosphate,and under the optimum conditions: choose the 5%( volume fraction) P204 as extractant,leaching liquor pH was 2. 5,extraction time was 2 minutes,extraction temperature was 25℃ and extraction phase ratio with O/A 1∶ 1,Y single stage extraction rate can reach more than 98%,the extraction saturation capacity was closed to 400 mg/L,press O/A = 1∶ 4 after 4 stage counter-current extraction,the extraction rate of Y is over 98%. 7 mol/L HCl and 150 g/L sulphuric acid all can realized the stripping of Y,and the stripping rates were 99. 98% and 99. 85%.
The extraction and separation between rare earth elements yttrium( Y) and impurities in sulfuric acid leaching solution of deep sea clay were studied. The P204 extraction and separation process was identified and the effects of P204 extractant concentration,acidity of solution and extraction time in extraction process were investigated,the extraction isotherm was drawn and the extraction scheme was explored. The results show that P204 can be used to extract Y after removing Iron by Iron phosphate,and under the optimum conditions: choose the 5%( volume fraction) P204 as extractant,leaching liquor pH was 2. 5,extraction time was 2 minutes,extraction temperature was 25℃ and extraction phase ratio with O/A 1∶ 1,Y single stage extraction rate can reach more than 98%,the extraction saturation capacity was closed to 400 mg/L,press O/A = 1∶ 4 after 4 stage counter-current extraction,the extraction rate of Y is over 98%. 7 mol/L HCl and 150 g/L sulphuric acid all can realized the stripping of Y,and the stripping rates were 99. 98% and 99. 85%.
引文
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[3]Toyoda K,Nakamura Y,Masuda A.Rare earth elements of Pacific pelagic sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1990,54(4):1093-1103.
[4]张霄宇,邓涵,张富元,等.西太平洋海山区深海软泥中稀土元素富集的地球化学特征[J].中国稀土学报,2013,31(6):729-737.
[5]Kato Y,Fujinaga K,Nakamura K,et al.Deep-sea mud in the Pacific Ocean as a potential resource for rare-earth elements[J].Nature geoscience,2011,4(8):535-539.
[6]De Baar H J W,Bacon M P,Brewer P G,et al.Rare earth elements in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1985,49(9):1943-1959.
[7]Kon Y,Hoshino M,Sanematsu K,et al.Geochemical Characteristics of Apatite in Heavy REE-rich pelagic clay from Minami-Torishima Area,Southeastern Japan[J],Resource Geology,2014,64(1):47-57
[8]冯林永,蒋训雄,汪胜东,等.磷酸浸出渣中提取稀土的研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2014(8):34-36.
[9]龙志奇,王良士,黄小卫,等.磷矿中微量稀土提取技术研究进展[J].稀有金属,2009,33(3):434-438.
[10]崔文鹏,孙泽炼,周骏宏,等.织金磷矿中伴生稀土的提取研究[J].稀土,2014,35(4):42-46.
[11]王良士,龙志奇,黄小卫,等.磷酸体系中微量稀土元素萃取回收技术研究[J].中国稀土学报,2009,27(2):228-231.
[12]刘志强,吴宇坤,朱克超,等.太平洋中部深海粘土中稀土的赋存状态及浸出研究[J].中国稀土学报,2015,33(4):506-512.
[13]张魁芳,吴宇坤,刘志强,等.从太平洋中部深海粘土盐酸浸出液中萃取回收钇的研究[J].中国稀土学报,2016,34(1):62-69.
[14]陈朝梅,李军旗,金会心,等.织金磷矿酸浸液萃取分离稀土试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2015,34(1):39-42.
[15]卢国俭,邹翔,朱英杰,等.从废石油裂解催化剂中回收稀土试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2016,35(6):498-502.