Testing noncommutative spacetimes and violations of the Pauli Exclusion Principle through underground experiments
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摘要
We propose to deploy limits that arise from different tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle: i) to provide theories of quantum gravity with experimental guidance; ii) to distinguish, among the plethora of possible models, the ones that are already ruled out by current data; iii) to direct future attempts to be in accordance with experimental constraints. We first review experimental bounds on nuclear processes forbidden by the Pauli Exclusion Principle,which have been derived by several experimental collaborations making use of various detector materials. Distinct features of the experimental devices entail sensitivities on the constraints hitherto achieved that may differ from one another by several orders of magnitude. We show that with choices of these limits, well-known examples of flat noncommutative space-time instantiations of quantum gravity can be heavily constrained, and eventually ruled out.We devote particular attention to the analysis of the κ-Minkowski and θ-Minkowski noncommutative spacetimes.These are deeply connected to some scenarios in string theory, loop quantum gravity, and noncommutative geometry.We emphasize that the severe constraints on these quantum spacetimes, although they cannot rule out theories of top-down quantum gravity to which they are connected in various ways, provide a powerful limitation for those models. Focus on this will be necessary in the future.
We propose to deploy limits that arise from different tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle: i) to provide theories of quantum gravity with experimental guidance; ii) to distinguish, among the plethora of possible models, the ones that are already ruled out by current data; iii) to direct future attempts to be in accordance with experimental constraints. We first review experimental bounds on nuclear processes forbidden by the Pauli Exclusion Principle,which have been derived by several experimental collaborations making use of various detector materials. Distinct features of the experimental devices entail sensitivities on the constraints hitherto achieved that may differ from one another by several orders of magnitude. We show that with choices of these limits, well-known examples of flat noncommutative space-time instantiations of quantum gravity can be heavily constrained, and eventually ruled out.We devote particular attention to the analysis of the κ-Minkowski and θ-Minkowski noncommutative spacetimes.These are deeply connected to some scenarios in string theory, loop quantum gravity, and noncommutative geometry.We emphasize that the severe constraints on these quantum spacetimes, although they cannot rule out theories of top-down quantum gravity to which they are connected in various ways, provide a powerful limitation for those models. Focus on this will be necessary in the future.
We propose to deploy limits that arise from different tests of the Pauli Exclusion Principle: i) to provide theories of quantum gravity with experimental guidance; ii) to distinguish, among the plethora of possible models, the ones that are already ruled out by current data; iii) to direct future attempts to be in accordance with experimental constraints. We first review experimental bounds on nuclear processes forbidden by the Pauli Exclusion Principle,which have been derived by several experimental collaborations making use of various detector materials. Distinct features of the experimental devices entail sensitivities on the constraints hitherto achieved that may differ from one another by several orders of magnitude. We show that with choices of these limits, well-known examples of flat noncommutative space-time instantiations of quantum gravity can be heavily constrained, and eventually ruled out.We devote particular attention to the analysis of the κ-Minkowski and θ-Minkowski noncommutative spacetimes.These are deeply connected to some scenarios in string theory, loop quantum gravity, and noncommutative geometry.We emphasize that the severe constraints on these quantum spacetimes, although they cannot rule out theories of top-down quantum gravity to which they are connected in various ways, provide a powerful limitation for those models. Focus on this will be necessary in the future.
引文
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1)It was shown in Ref.[11]that only a strong and unnatural fine-tuning of the bare parameters of the theory may prevent Lorentz violations at the percent level.Nevertheless,this analysis does not take into account the possibility of a deformation of the Lorentz symmetries.
2)The fact that it appears in both theories may not be just a coincidence,in light of a new H-duality conjecture that has been recently formulated in Ref.[15].
1)The propagation of the error only affects the last digit of k*and is effectively independent of these heuristic choices of ck,which capture the range of values in the literature-see e.g.Refs.[29,38,47,49,63-65].Conversely,the theoretical ambiguity in ckmay affect the estimate of k*up to 2%of its value.
2)As noted in the previous footnote,this choice is motivated by the fact that in the literature on noncommutative spacetimes,the ckcoefficients are order 1.
1)Indeed,for these Neutrinos,there is also the possibility to compare the arrival times with those of low-energy photons.
2 A.M.L.Messiah and O.W.Greenberg,Phys.Rev.,136:B248(1964)doi:10.1103/Phys Rev.136.B248
3 O.W.Greenberg and A.M.L.Messiah,Phys.Rev.,138:B1155(1965)doi:10.1103/Phys Rev.138.B1155
4 G.Gentile,Nuovo Cimento,17:493(1940)
5 H.S.Green,Phys.Rev.,90:270(1953)doi:10.1103/PhysRev.90.270
6 A.Y.Ignatiev and V.A.Kuzmin,JETP Lett.,47:4(1988)
7 V.N.Gavrin,A.Y.Ignatiev,and V.A.Kuzmin,Phys.Lett.B,206:343(1988)doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)91518-3
8 O.W.Greenberg,Phys.Rev.Lett.,64:705(1990)
9 R.N.Mohapatra,Phys.Lett.B,242:407(1990)
10 O.W.Greenberg,R.C.Hilborn,Fund.Phys.,29:397(1999)
11 J.Collins,A.Perez,D.Sudarsky,L.Urrutia,and H.Vucetich,Phys.Rev.Lett.,93:191301(2004)doi:10.1103/PhysRev Lett.93.191301 gr-qc/0403053
12 R.Jackiw,Nucl.Phys.Proc.Suppl.,108:30(2002)[hepth/0110057];Letter of Heisenberg to Peierls(1930),Wolfgang Pauli,Scientific Correspondence,Vol.II,p.15,Ed.Karl von Meyenn,Springer-Verlag,1985;Letter of Pauli to Oppenheimer(1946),Wolfgang Pauli,Scientific Correspondence,Vol.III,p.380,Ed.Karl von Meyenn,Springer-Verlag,1993
13 H.Snyder,Phys.Rev.,71:38(1947)
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15 A.Addazi and A.Marciano,ar Xiv:1707.05347[hep-th]
16 J.Frohlich and K.Gawedzki,In Vancouver 1993,Proceedings,Mathematical quantum theory,vol.1 57-97,and PreprintGawedzki,K.(rec.Nov.93)44 p[hep-th/9310187]
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18 J.Frohlich,O.Grandjean,and A.Recknagel,In Les Houches1995,Quantum symmetries 221-385[hep-th/9706132]
19 A.Connes,M.R.Douglas,and A.S.Schwarz,JHEP,9802:003(1998)doi:10.1088/1126-6708/1998/02/003[hepth/9711162]
20 N.Seiberg and E.Witten,JHEP,9909:032(1999)doi:10.1088/1126-6708/1999/09/032[hep-th/9908142]
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23 F.Cianfrani,J.Kowalski-Glikman,D.Pranzetti,and G.Rosati,Phys.Rev.D,94(8):084044(2016)doi:10.1103/Phys Rev D.94.084044 ar Xiv:1606.03085[hep-th]
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25 G.Amelino-Camelia,M.M.da Silva,M.Ronco,L.Cesarini,and O.M.Lecian,Phys.Rev.D,95:024028(2017)ar Xiv:1605.00497
26 S.Brahma,M.Ronco,G.Amelino-Camelia and A.Marciano,Phys.Rev.D,95(4):044005(2017)ar Xiv:1610.07865
27 S.Brahma,A.Marciano,and M.Ronco,ar Xiv:1707.05341[hep-th]
28 S.Alexander,A.Marciano,and L.Modesto,Phys.Rev.D,85:124030(2012)ar Xiv:1202.1824[hep-th]
29 M.Arzano and A.Marciano,Phys.Rev.D,76:125005(2007)ar Xiv:0707.1329
30 G.Amelino-Camelia,G.Gubitosi,A.Marciano,P.Martinetti,and F.Mercati,Phys.Lett.B,671:298(2009)ar Xiv:0707.1863
31 G.Amelino-Camelia,A.Marciano and D.Pranzetti,Int.J.Mod.Phys.A,24:5445(2009)ar Xiv:0709.2063
32 G.Amelino-Camelia,F.Briscese,G.Gubitosi,A.Marciano,P.Martinetti,and F.Mercati,Phys.Rev.D,78:025005(2008)ar Xiv:0709.4600
33 G.Amelino-Camelia,G.Gubitosi,A.Marciano,P.Martinetti,F.Mercati,D.Pranzetti,and R.A.Tacchi,Prog.Theor.Phys.Suppl.,171:65(2007)ar Xiv:0710.1219
34 A.Marciano,Arabian J.Sci.Eng.,33:365(2008)
35 A.Marciano,A brief overview of quantum field theory with deformed symmetries and their relation with quantum gravity,ar Xiv:1003.0395
36 A.Agostini,G.Amelino-Camelia,M.Arzano,A.Marciano,and R.A.Tacchi,Mod.Phys.Lett.A,22:1779(2007)ar Xiv:hep-th/0607221
37 M.Arzano and A.Marciano,Phys.Rev.D,75:081701(2007)ar Xiv:hep-th/0701268
38 G.Amelino-Camelia,M.Arzano and A.Marciano,Frascati Phys.Ser.,43:155(2007)
39 A.Marciano,G.Amelino-Camelia,N.R.Bruno,G.Gubitosi,G.Mandanici,and A.Melchiorri,JCAP,1006:030(2010)ar Xiv:1004.1110
40 G.Amelino-Camelia,A.Marciano,M.Matassa and G.Rosati,“Testing quantum-spacetime relativity with gamma-ray telescopes”ar Xiv:1006.0007
41 G.Amelino-Camelia,A.Marciano,M.Matassa,and G.Rosati,Phys.Rev.D,86:124035(2012)ar Xiv:1206.5315
42 L.Alvarez-Gaume and M.A.Vazquez-Mozo,Nucl.Phys.B,668:293(2003)doi:10.1016/S0550-3213(03)00582-0[hepth/0305093]
43 S.Majid,Foundations of quantum group theory,(CUP 1995,Cambridge)
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46 P.Aschieri,C.Blohmann,M.Dimitrijevic,F.Meyer,P.Schupp,and J.Wess,Class.Quant.Grav.,22:3511(2005)doi:10.1088/0264-9381/22/17/011[hep-th/0504183]
47 A.P.Balachandran,T.R.Govindarajan,C.Molina,and P.Teotonio-Sobrinho,JHEP,0410:072(2004)doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2004/10/072[hep-th/0406125]
48 M.Arzano and J.Kowalski-Glikman,Phys.Lett.B,760:69(2016)doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2016.06.048 ar Xiv:1605.01181[hep-th]
49 A.P.Balachandran,G.Mangano,A.Pinzul,and S.Vaidya,Int.J.Mod.Phys.A,21:3111(2006)doi:10.1142/S0217751X06031764[hep-th/0508002]
50 M.Chaichian,A.D.Dolgov,V.A.Novikov,and A.Tureanu,Phys.Lett.B,699:177(2011)doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2011.03.026 ar Xiv:1103.0168[hep-th]
51 M.Chaichian,K.Nishijima,and A.Tureanu,Phys.Lett.B,568:146(2003)doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2003.06.009[hepth/0209008]
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1)It was shown in Ref.[11]that only a strong and unnatural fine-tuning of the bare parameters of the theory may prevent Lorentz violations at the percent level.Nevertheless,this analysis does not take into account the possibility of a deformation of the Lorentz symmetries.
2)The fact that it appears in both theories may not be just a coincidence,in light of a new H-duality conjecture that has been recently formulated in Ref.[15].
1)The propagation of the error only affects the last digit of k*and is effectively independent of these heuristic choices of ck,which capture the range of values in the literature-see e.g.Refs.[29,38,47,49,63-65].Conversely,the theoretical ambiguity in ckmay affect the estimate of k*up to 2%of its value.
2)As noted in the previous footnote,this choice is motivated by the fact that in the literature on noncommutative spacetimes,the ckcoefficients are order 1.
1)Indeed,for these Neutrinos,there is also the possibility to compare the arrival times with those of low-energy photons.