直接式波浪能采集的研究现状与展望
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摘要
海洋波浪能量是风能、太阳能等环境能源中能量密度最大的一类能源,分布非常广泛。但海洋波能开发和利用还相对滞后,传统的波能采集装置由于存在转换机械结构复杂、转换效率低及耐冲击腐蚀能力差等缺点,实现较为困难。一种以提高转换效率、稳定可靠为目的的能量采集装置——直接式波能采集装置近年来越来越受到重视,成为该领域研究的热点。本文详细总结了直接式波浪能量采集的总体情况、特点、主要结构类型及其充电控制策略,论述了波能发电的电能管理系统,并对直接式波浪能量采集系统的发展趋势进行了展望。
Ocean wave energy,which is much rich on the earth,is one of the highest density energy among all renewable energies such as wind and solar energy. However,traditional ocean energy harvesters are unpractical because of their complicated conversion structures,low transmission efficiency,and weak anti-corrosion and anti-shock capacities. Thus,a wave energy harvesting device for promoting the tran-sferring efficiency,reliability and stability,which is called direct energy harvester,is more and more emphasized and has become a research focus. This paper summarizes in detail the research status,characteristics,main classes,charging control strategies and power management systems of direct ocean wave harvesters. Moreover,the development tendencies of direct ocean wave harvesters are prospected.
Ocean wave energy,which is much rich on the earth,is one of the highest density energy among all renewable energies such as wind and solar energy. However,traditional ocean energy harvesters are unpractical because of their complicated conversion structures,low transmission efficiency,and weak anti-corrosion and anti-shock capacities. Thus,a wave energy harvesting device for promoting the tran-sferring efficiency,reliability and stability,which is called direct energy harvester,is more and more emphasized and has become a research focus. This paper summarizes in detail the research status,characteristics,main classes,charging control strategies and power management systems of direct ocean wave harvesters. Moreover,the development tendencies of direct ocean wave harvesters are prospected.
引文
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[2]郭辉,岳良明,王海文.大型水平轴风力机风轮模型风洞试验[J].太阳能学报,2018(1):253-257.Guo Hui,Yue Liangming,Wang Haiwen.Wind tunnel test for rotor model of a large scale horizontal-axis wind turbine[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2018(1):253-257.
[3]侯欣宾,王立,李庆民,等.空间太阳能电站高压大功率电力传输关键技术综述[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(14):3385-3395.Hou Xinbin,Wang Li,Li Qingmin,et al.Review of key technologies for high-voltage and high-power transmission in space solar power station[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(14):3385-3395.
[4]Yao Y X,Li H L,Wu J M,et al.Numerical simulation of duck wave energy converter[J].Key Engineering Materials,2016,693:484-490.
[5]吴金明.鸭式波浪能转换单元的锁定控制与阵列布局设计的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.Wu Jinming.Research on Latching Control of the solo duck wave energy converter and its array layout design[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2018.
[6]李永国,汪振,王世明,等.国外波浪能开发利用技术进展[J].工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程,2014,6(4):371-382.Li Yongguo,Wang Zhen,Wang Shiming,et al.Progress in the development and utilization of wave energy technology abroad[J].Journal of Engineering Studies,2014,6(4):371-382.
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[9]周宇,宁德志,张崇伟,等."蘑菇型"振荡水柱式波能转换装置水动力性能的解析研究[C]//第十八届中国海洋(岸)工程学术讨论会论文集(上).北京:中国海洋工程学会,2017.Zhou Yu,Ning Dezhi,Zhang Chongwei,et al.Analytical study on hydrodynamic performance of"mushroom type"oscillating water column wave energy conversion device[C]//Papers of the 18th China Ocean(Coastal)Engineering Symposium(Part I).Beijing:Chinese Society for Oceanography,2017.
[10]Martinelli L,Pezzutto P,Ruol P,et al.Experimentally based model to size the geometry of a new OWC device with reference to the mediterranean sea wave environment[J].Energies,2013,6:4696-4720.
[11]Falc?o A F O,Gato L M C,Henriques J C C,et al.A novel twin-rotor radial-inflow air turbine for oscillating-water-column wave energy converters[J].Energy,2015,93:2116-2125.
[12]陈仁文,任龙,蒋小川,等.海洋波浪能量采集技术研究进展与展望[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2014,46(6):831-837.Chen Renwen,Ren Long,Jiang Xiaochuan,et al.Recent advances and prospects of ocean wave energy harvesting technology[J].Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,2014,46(6):831-837.
[13]肖晓龙,肖龙飞,李扬.基于非线性能量俘获机制的直驱浮子式波浪能发电装置研究[J].振动与冲击,2018,37(2):156-162.Xiao Xiaolong,Xiao Longfei,Li Yang.A directly driven floater type wave energy converter with nonlinear power-take-off mechanism in irregular waves[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2018,37(2):156-162.
[14]马鹏磊,王勇,刘海宾,等.摆式振荡水翼的水动力性能分析[J].太阳能学报,2018,39(3):665-672.Ma Penglei,Wang Yong,Liu Haibin,et al.Analysis on hydrodynamic performance of flapping foil with swing motion[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2018.39(3):665-672.
[15]唐友刚,赵青,黄印,等.筏式波浪能发电装置浮体水动力相互作用与能量俘获研究[J].海洋技术学报,2016,35(4):87-92.Tang Yougang,Zhao Qing,Huang Yin,et al.Study on the hydrodynamic interaction and energy capture for raft wave energy converter[J].Journal of Ocean Technology,2016,35(4):87-92.
[16]岳旭辉,陈启卷,许志翔,等.2 kW波力发电液压动力输出系统设计和仿真分析[J].水力发电学报,2018,37(3):113-120.Yue Xuhui,Chen Qijuan,Xu Zhixiang,et al.Design and simulation of 2 kW hydraulic power take-off system for wave power generation[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2018,37(3):113-120.
[17]宁艳春,曹常贞,梁兴,等.波浪发电液压系统[J].液压气动与密封,2018,38(5):57-60.Ning Yanchun,Cao Changzhen,Liang Xing,et al.Study on hydraulic system of wave power generation[J].Hydraulics Pneumatics&Seals,2018,38(5):57-60.
[18]Halder P,Mohamed M H,Samad A.Wave energy conversion:Design and shape optimization[J].Ocean Engineering,2018,150:337-351.
[19]范亚宁,彭伟,郑金海.多功能型波浪能装置研究进展[J].可再生能源,2018,36(4):617-625.Fan Yaning,Peng Wei,Zheng Jinhai.Advances in multifunctional wave energy devices research[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2018,36(4):617-625.
[20]Xia T,Yu H,Guo R,et al.Research on the field-modulated tubular linear generator with quasi-Halbach magnetization for ocean wave energy conversion[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2018,28(3):1-5.
[21]Farrok O,Islam M R,Sheikh M R I,et al.A split translator secondary stator permanent magnet linear generator for oceanic wave energy conversion[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2018,99:1.
[22]Drew B,Plummer A R,Sahinkaya M N.A review of wave energy converter technology[J].Journal of Power and Energy,2009,223:887-902.
[23]Trapanese M,Boscaino V,Cipriani G,et al.A permanent magnet linear generator for the enhancement of the reliability of a wave energy conversion system[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2019,66(6):4934-4944.
[24]Pan J F,Li Q,Wu X,et al.Complementary power generation of double linear switched reluctance generators for wave power exploitation[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2019,106:33-44.
[25]吴林键,郑学琴,杨阳,等.基于直线电机的“章鱼”型波浪能发电装置[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2012,31(1):149-153.Wu Linjian,Zheng Xueqin,Yang Yang,et al.Octopus wave energy conversion system based on linear generators[J].Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong University(Natural Science),2012,31(1):149-153.
[26]Wacher A,Nielsen K.Mathematical and numerical modeling of the AquaBuOY wave energy converter[J].Mathematics-inIndustry Case Studies,2010(2):16-33.
[27]Woodbridge T C.Reciprocating generator wave power buoy:U.S.6-791-205[P].2004-09-01.
[28]潘超.多浮筒直驱式海波发电装置设计及参数优化[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2016.Pan Chao.Structural design and parameter optimization of multiple floating body direct driven ocean wave energy harvesting devices[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2016.
[29]陈仁文,任龙,夏桦康,等.一种铰接式链条形波浪能发电装置:CN106655622A[P].2017-05-10.Chen Renwen,Ren Long,Xia Huakang,et al.A articulated chain wave energy generating device:CN106655622A[P].2017-05-10.
[30]Korde U A.Efficient primary energy conversion in irregular waves[J].Ocean Engineering,1999,26(7):625-651.
[31]Budal K,Falnes J.A resonant point absorber of ocean-wave power[J].Nature,1975,256:478-479.
[32]Irina T,Jennifer L,Boel E,et al.Economic aspects of latching control for a wave energy converter with a direct drive linear generator power take-off[J].Renewable Energy,2018,128:57-67.
[33]Son D,Yeung R W.Real-time implementation and validation of optimal damping control for a permanent-magnet linear generator in wave energy extraction[J].Applied Energy,2017,208:571-579.
[34]Jama M,Wahyudie A.Online damping strategy for controlling heaving wave energy converters using three-phase bridge boost rectifier[J].IEEE Access,2017,99:1.
[35]Lekube J,Garrido A,Garrido I,et al.Flow control in wells turbines for harnessing maximum wave power[J].Sensors,2018,18(2):535.
[36]Lettenmaier T,von Jouanne A,Brekken T.A new maximum power point tracking algorithm for ocean wave energy converters[J].International Journal of Marine Energy,2017,17:40-55.
[37]Falnes J.Ocean waves and oscillating systems[C]//Ocean Waves and Oscillating Systems.Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,2002:286.
[38]Budal K,Falnes J.Interacting point absorbers with controlled motion[J].Power from Sea Waves,1980:381-399.
[39]Liu K,Wang D J,Qiu S Q,et al.A feedback latching controller for two-body wave energy converters under irregular wave conditions[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2018,61(8):1114-1126.
[40]Li L,Gao Y,Yuan Z.Real-time latching control of wave energy converter with consideration of wave force prediction[C]//2018 OCEANS-MTS/IEEE Kobe Techno-Oceans(OTO).[S.l.]:IEEE,2018:1-6.
[41]Chen Z,Zhang L,Yeung R W.Analysis and optimization of a dual mass-spring-damper(DMSD)wave-energy convertor with variable resonance capability[J].Renewable Energy,2019,131:1060-1072.
[42]Peng W,Huang X,Fan Y,et al.Numerical analysis and performance optimization of a submerged wave energy converting device based on the floating breakwater[J].Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy,2017,9(4):044503.
[43]Fang X,Yang Q,Dong W.Fuzzy decision based energy dispatch in offshore industrial microgrid with desalination process and multi-type DGs[J].Energy,2018,148:744-755.
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