不同性别群体中户外健身空间要素的影响分析——以SEM对寒地城市哈尔滨为例
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摘要
为研究不同性别群体中城市户外健身空间要素对健身活动的影响关系,利用哈尔滨调研数据,建立空间要素影响健身活动的结构方程模型(SEM),并通过修正拟合得到最终模型.最后利用SEM多群组分析将性别变量引入最终模型,得到了不同性别群体中空间要素对健身活动的影响关系及差异性.结果表明:男性群体中,影响健身频率的空间要素有健身设施、可达性、辅助功能、景观设计和维护安全;各空间要素对健身时间影响未显著;健身设施与可达性对男性健身频率影响存在差异,健身设施影响更大.女性群体中,影响健身频率的有健身设施、辅助功能、景观设计和维护安全;影响健身时间的有健身设施和物理环境;物理环境和健身设施对女性健身时间影响存在差异,物理环境影响更大.两群组相比较,可达性对男性健身频率影响显著,健身设施对女性健身时间影响显著,辅助功能对物理环境的影响在女性群体中影响更大.本研究解释和分析了上述各空间要素在男女不同群体中的影响关系及差异性,并对户外健身空间设计提出建议.
This paper analyzes the influence of urban outdoor leisure sport space(OLSS) factors on leisurely physical activities(LPA) between genders by a survey in Harbin. A model about the relationship of OLSS factors and LPA was established by the Structural Equation Model(SEM). Using simultaneous analysis of several groups of SEM, the genders as moderator variables were introduced into the model to test the influence of OLSS factors on LPA between genders and the corresponding difference. Result shows that in the male group, facilities, accessibility, amenities, aesthetics, maintenance, and safety had significant impacts on the frequency of LPA. There was no OLSS factor that affected the duration of LPA, and facilities had a significantly greater impact on frequency than accessibility. In the female group, factors that impacted frequency of LPA were identified as facilities, amenities, aesthetics, maintenance, and safety. The two factors which impacted the duration of LPA were facilities and physical environment, and physical environment had a significantly greater effect on duration than facilities. By comparing the two groups, accessibility had significant influence on the frequency of male's LPA and physical environment greatly affected the duration of female's LPA. Amenities had a greater impact on the physical environment in the female group. The influence and disparities of those relationships in different gender groups were analyzed and interpreted, and the suggestions for designing OLSS considering different gender characteristics were proposed.
This paper analyzes the influence of urban outdoor leisure sport space(OLSS) factors on leisurely physical activities(LPA) between genders by a survey in Harbin. A model about the relationship of OLSS factors and LPA was established by the Structural Equation Model(SEM). Using simultaneous analysis of several groups of SEM, the genders as moderator variables were introduced into the model to test the influence of OLSS factors on LPA between genders and the corresponding difference. Result shows that in the male group, facilities, accessibility, amenities, aesthetics, maintenance, and safety had significant impacts on the frequency of LPA. There was no OLSS factor that affected the duration of LPA, and facilities had a significantly greater impact on frequency than accessibility. In the female group, factors that impacted frequency of LPA were identified as facilities, amenities, aesthetics, maintenance, and safety. The two factors which impacted the duration of LPA were facilities and physical environment, and physical environment had a significantly greater effect on duration than facilities. By comparing the two groups, accessibility had significant influence on the frequency of male's LPA and physical environment greatly affected the duration of female's LPA. Amenities had a greater impact on the physical environment in the female group. The influence and disparities of those relationships in different gender groups were analyzed and interpreted, and the suggestions for designing OLSS considering different gender characteristics were proposed.
引文
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[17]VEITCH J,ABBOTT G,KACZYNSKI A T,et al.Park availability and physical activity,TV time,and overweight and obesity among women:Findings from Australia and the United States[J].Health & Place,2016,38(3):96.DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.12.004
[18]YEN I H,FANDEL Flood J,THOMPSON H,et al.How design of places promotes or inhibits mobility of older adults:Realist synthesis of 20 years of research[J].Journal of Aging and Health,2014,26(8):1340.DOI:10.1177/0898264314527610
[2]GEARIN E,KAHLE C.Teen and adult perceptions of urban green space Los Angeles[J].Children,Youth and Environments,2006,16(1):25.DOI:10.7721/chilyoutenvi.16.1.0025
[3]RIES A V,VOORHEES C C,ROCHE K M,et al.A quantitative examination of park characteristics related to park use and physical activity among urban youth[J].Journal of Adolescent Health,2009,45(3):S64.DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.04.020
[4]VAN UFFELEN J G Z,KHAN A,BURTON N W.Gender differences in physical activity motivators and context p A population-based study in people in their sixties[J].BMC Public Health,2017,17:624.DOI:10.1186/s12889-017-4540-0
[5]WHITE M P,ELLIOTT L R,WHEELER B W,et al.Neighbourhood greenspace is related to physical activity in England,but only for dog owners[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2018,174(6):18.DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.01.004
[6]LINDE V H,ARIANE G,JELLE V C,et al.Park characteristics preferred for adolescent park visitation and physical activity:A choice-based conjoint analysis using manipulated photographs[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,2018,178(10):152.DOI:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.05.017
[7]王欢.社会生态学视角下社区建成环境环境对老年人休闲性体力活动影响研究——以武汉市百步亭社区为例[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2017 WANG Huan.The influence of community built environment on leisure physical activity of the elderly from the perspective of social ecology:A case study of Baibuting Community in Wuhan[D].Wuhan:Central China Normal University,2017
[8]应桃园,应君.城市公园建成环境对居民体力活动的影响—以杭州市为例[J].山东林业科技,2016(2):47YING Taoyuan,YING Jun.The impact of the urban park built environment on physical activity of the residents:A case study of Hangzhou[J].Journal of Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,2016(2):47
[9]PEREIRA R,SANTOS R,SUSANA P,et al.Environment perception and leisure-time physical activity in Portuguese high school students[J].Preventive Medicine Reports,2017,10:221.DOI:10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.10.013
[10]DANIS A,SIDEK S,YUSOF S M.Environmental characteristics influences on physical activity among overweight adolescents:Urban neighbourhood parks[J].Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014,153(10):402.DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.10.073
[11]王海涛,王凯.养猪户安全生产决策行为影响因素分析——基于多群组结构方程模型的实证研究[J].中国农村经济,2012,11:21WANG Haitao,WANG Kai.Analysis of factors influencing safety production decision behavior of pig farmers:An empirical study based on multi-group structural equation model[J].Chinese Rural Economy,2012,11:21
[12]石斌.基于多群组结构方程模型视角的消费者网络团购意愿影响因素分析[J].首都经济贸易大学学报,2013(4):93SHI Bin.An empirical study on consumer purchasing intention in online group-buying based on multi-group SEM analysis[J].Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business,2013(4):93.DOI:10.13504/j.cnki.issn1008-2700.2013.04.008
[13]张翠娜,李玲玲.日常户外休闲体育空间评价体系的构建与应用[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2017,49(4):173ZHANG Cuina,LI Lingling.Construction and application of Evaluation system of daily outdoor leisure sport space[J].Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology,2017,49(4):173.DOI:10.11918/j.issn.0367-6234.201510083
[14]MORAN M,VAN CAUWENBERG J,HERCKY-LINNEWIEL R,et al.Understanding the relationships between the physical environment and physical activity in older adults:A systematic review of qualitative studies[J].The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity,2014,11:79.DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-11-79
[15]PATNODE C D,LYTLE L A,ERICKSON D J,et al.The relative influence of demographic,individual,social,and environmental factors on physical activity among boys and girls[J].International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity,2010,7(1):79.DOI:10.1186/1479-5868-7-79
[16]KRENICHYN K.The only place to go and be in the city:Women talk about exercise,being outdoors,and the meanings of a large urban park[J].Health and Place,2006,12(4):631.DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.08.015
[17]VEITCH J,ABBOTT G,KACZYNSKI A T,et al.Park availability and physical activity,TV time,and overweight and obesity among women:Findings from Australia and the United States[J].Health & Place,2016,38(3):96.DOI:10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.12.004
[18]YEN I H,FANDEL Flood J,THOMPSON H,et al.How design of places promotes or inhibits mobility of older adults:Realist synthesis of 20 years of research[J].Journal of Aging and Health,2014,26(8):1340.DOI:10.1177/0898264314527610