混合淡化解决铀矿床地浸开采堵塞问题研究
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摘要
根据某铀矿床地下水的水文地球化学特征,应用地球化学模式PHREEQCI模拟计算和试验研究,分析其地浸开采产生堵塞的原因是地下水中矿化度、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-浓度高,方解石和石膏的饱和指数大于0。运用水文地球化学理论,采用混合淡化的方法将当地浸采铀尾液与当地淡水1∶4混合后充入CO2气体至pH为6.11时,混合水矿化度由10.216g·L-1减小到2.946g·L-1,Ca2+由0.827g·L-1减小到0.255g·L-1,Mg2+由0.473g·L-1减小到0.094g·L-1,SO42-由2.922g·L-1减小到0.777g·L-1,石膏饱和指数由0.2764减小到-5.4744,方解石饱和指数由0.4151减小到-6.9467。因此,本方法可有效避免地浸采铀过程中产生硫酸钙和碳酸钙沉淀,使地浸采铀顺利进行。
According to hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater in an uranium deposit, the geochemica simulation software PHREEQCI was used for simulated calculation and experimental investigation.The results showed that the main factors of sedimentation jamming included high salinity,high concentrations of Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-in the groundwater,and saturation index of calcite and gypsum being greater than 0.Based on hydrogeochemistry theory,the tailing solution from in-situ leaching uranium was mixed with local freshwater by a ratio of 1∶4,and then CO2 was pumped into the mixture until its pH reached 6.1.At this moment,all the factors of the mixture were reduced,salinity from 10.216g·L-1 to 2.946g·L-1,Ca2+from 0.827g·L-1 to 0.255g·L-1,Mg2+from 0.473g·L-1 to 0.094g·L-1,SO42-from 2.922g·L-1 to 0.777g·L-1,saturation index of calcite from 0.2764to-5.4744,and saturation index of gypsum from 0.4151to-6.9467.Thus,this method can effectively avoid sedimentation jamming of calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate in the in-situ leaching uranium,ensuring regular production.
According to hydrogeological characteristics of groundwater in an uranium deposit, the geochemica simulation software PHREEQCI was used for simulated calculation and experimental investigation.The results showed that the main factors of sedimentation jamming included high salinity,high concentrations of Ca2+,Mg2+,SO42-in the groundwater,and saturation index of calcite and gypsum being greater than 0.Based on hydrogeochemistry theory,the tailing solution from in-situ leaching uranium was mixed with local freshwater by a ratio of 1∶4,and then CO2 was pumped into the mixture until its pH reached 6.1.At this moment,all the factors of the mixture were reduced,salinity from 10.216g·L-1 to 2.946g·L-1,Ca2+from 0.827g·L-1 to 0.255g·L-1,Mg2+from 0.473g·L-1 to 0.094g·L-1,SO42-from 2.922g·L-1 to 0.777g·L-1,saturation index of calcite from 0.2764to-5.4744,and saturation index of gypsum from 0.4151to-6.9467.Thus,this method can effectively avoid sedimentation jamming of calcium sulfate and calcium carbonate in the in-situ leaching uranium,ensuring regular production.
引文
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[21]高柏,邢拥国,张文,等.淡化地下水对缓解某矿床地浸化学堵塞的探讨[J].铀矿冶,2010,29(2):61-65.
[22]Parkhurst D L,Appelo C A J.User’s guide to PHREEQC(Version 2)—A computer program for speciation,batch-reaction,one-dimensional transport,and inverse geochemical calculations[Z].Denver:Geological Survey,1999:1-4.
[23]Parkhurst D L,Thoustenson D C,Plummer L M.PHREEQECI computer program for geochemical calculations[J].Water Resource,1999,25(1):80-96.
[24]史维浚,高柏,王国华.砂岩型铀矿地浸过程中的溶质迁移机制[J].东华理工学院学报,2004,27(1):25-32.
[25]李义连,王焰新,周来茹,等.地下水矿物饱和度的水文地球化学模拟分析——以娘子关泉域岩溶水为例[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(3):32.
[2]阙为民,王海峰,田时丰,等.我国地浸采铀研究现状与发展[J].铀矿冶,2005,24(3):113-117.
[3]LIU J,BRADY B H.Evaluation of in-situ leaching progresses:dual-porosity model[J].Mineral Resource Engineering,1999,18(2):205-225.
[4]International Atomic Energy Agency.Manual of acid in-situ leach uranium mining technology[R].Vienna,Austria:International Atomic Energy Agency,2001.
[5]MUDD G M.Critical review of acid in-situ leach uranium mining:1.USA and Australia[J].Environmental Geology,2001,41(3/4):390-403.
[6]Ackland M C,Hunter T C.Australia’s Honeymoon Project from acquisition to approval 1997to 2002[C]//Anon.Recent developments in uranium resources and production with emphasis on in-situ leach mining.Vienna:IAEA,2004:115-137.
[7]姚益轩,葛加明,苏学斌,等.新疆某矿床酸法地浸采铀现场试验[J].铀矿冶,2004,23(3):119-124.
[8]谭凯旋,王清良,胡鄂明,等.原地溶浸开采中的多过程耦合作用与反应前锋运动[J].铀矿冶,2005,24(2):57-61.
[9]王海峰,武伟,汤庆四,等.新疆某矿床碱法地浸采铀试验[J].铀矿冶,2007,26(4):169-173.
[10]田新军,沈红伟,陈雪莲,等.用二氧化碳减缓碱法地浸采铀中的化学沉淀堵塞[J].铀矿冶,2006(2):15-20.
[11]苏学斌,刘乃忠,马新林,等.新疆某铀矿床天然成因试剂地浸条件评价[J].铀矿冶,2007,26(4):174-179.
[12]WU A X,LIU J Z,TANG L Y.Simulation of coupled flow-ing-reaction-deformation with mass transfer in heap leaching processes[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2007,28(3):327-335.
[13]陈振,刘金辉,尹蓬勃.十红滩砂岩型铀矿床地浸采铀水文地质条件分析及评价[J].世界核地质科学,2008(3):157-160.
[14]胡鄂明,谭凯旋,王清良,等.低品位低碳酸盐砂岩型铀矿石低酸浸出工艺[J].金属矿山,2007(6):39-40.
[15]雷林,雷泽勇.微酸地浸采铀技术应用研究[J].矿业工程,2007,5(2):20-22.
[16]王海峰.大流量低浓度地浸采铀浸出工艺试验[J].有色金属:矿山部分,2007,59(5):9-13.
[17]刘金辉,孙占学,周义朋,等.适合十红滩铀矿床地浸采铀的水文地球化学条件[J].金属矿山,2010(3):77-79.
[18]焦学然,孙占学,张霞.某高矿化度砂岩型铀矿地浸开采堵塞机理的研究[J].有色金属(冶炼部分),2013(8):25-28.
[19]孙占学,李学礼,史潍俊,等.地浸采铀新方法与技术[Z].东华理工大学内部资料,2011.
[20]陶峰,孙占学,史维浚.PHREEQCI 2.8在溶浸剂配制中的应用[J].铀矿冶,2007,26(1):15-18.
[21]高柏,邢拥国,张文,等.淡化地下水对缓解某矿床地浸化学堵塞的探讨[J].铀矿冶,2010,29(2):61-65.
[22]Parkhurst D L,Appelo C A J.User’s guide to PHREEQC(Version 2)—A computer program for speciation,batch-reaction,one-dimensional transport,and inverse geochemical calculations[Z].Denver:Geological Survey,1999:1-4.
[23]Parkhurst D L,Thoustenson D C,Plummer L M.PHREEQECI computer program for geochemical calculations[J].Water Resource,1999,25(1):80-96.
[24]史维浚,高柏,王国华.砂岩型铀矿地浸过程中的溶质迁移机制[J].东华理工学院学报,2004,27(1):25-32.
[25]李义连,王焰新,周来茹,等.地下水矿物饱和度的水文地球化学模拟分析——以娘子关泉域岩溶水为例[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(3):32.