转子悬臂比对核主泵水力振动的影响
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摘要
为研究转子悬臂比对核主泵水力振动的影响规律,针对CAP1400核主泵,在其他几何参数均给定的条件下,通过改变泵轴的悬臂比,设计了25个模型方案。应用多重参考系下的雷诺时均N-S方程和RNG k-ε湍流模型对核主泵流体域进行了计算,采用单向流固耦合方法,分析了核主泵叶轮叶片的应力、应变在不同悬臂比、不同工况下的变化规律,并在有预应力和无预应力情况下,对不同悬臂比的核主泵进行了转子动力学特性研究。结果表明:当泵轴伸出端长度一定时,核主泵叶轮叶片的应力、应变及转子系统的前6阶固有频率与悬臂比的相关性不强,但对工况变化的敏感度较高;相同工况下,核主泵叶轮叶片的最大变形量随悬臂长度而增大,但不随悬臂比而变化,最大应力不随悬臂长度及悬臂比而变化;流固耦合作用能降低转子系统的固有频率,且降低幅度随阶数的增加而减小。
In order to investigate the influence of cantilever ratios of rotor on the hydraulic vibration of the nuclear main pump, 25 model schemes for the CAP1400 nuclear main pump were designed by altering the cantilever ratio of the pump shaft under the condition that other geometric parameters were determined. Based on Reynolds time-averaged N-S equations and RNG k-ε turbulence model in multiple reference frames, full three-dimensional numerical calculation was carried out for reduced-scale models of nuclear main pump with solid coupling method, the variation law of stress and strain of the impeller blade of the nuclear main pump was analyzed under the different cantilever ratios and working conditions. The rotor dynamics characteristics of the nuclear main pump with different cantilever ratios were investigated under the conditions with pre-stress and without pre-stress. The results reveal that when the cantilever length is fixed, the stress and strain of the impeller blade and the first 6 order natural frequencies of rotor have little correlation with the cantilever ratio, while having great correlation with the working condition. The maximal deformation of the impeller blade of the nuclear main pump increases with the length of the cantilever, whereas not changing with the cantilever ratio. The maximal stress does not change with the cantilever length and the cantilever ratio. The fluid solid interaction can reduce the natural frequency of the rotor system, and the magnitude of reduction decreases with the order number increasing.
In order to investigate the influence of cantilever ratios of rotor on the hydraulic vibration of the nuclear main pump, 25 model schemes for the CAP1400 nuclear main pump were designed by altering the cantilever ratio of the pump shaft under the condition that other geometric parameters were determined. Based on Reynolds time-averaged N-S equations and RNG k-ε turbulence model in multiple reference frames, full three-dimensional numerical calculation was carried out for reduced-scale models of nuclear main pump with solid coupling method, the variation law of stress and strain of the impeller blade of the nuclear main pump was analyzed under the different cantilever ratios and working conditions. The rotor dynamics characteristics of the nuclear main pump with different cantilever ratios were investigated under the conditions with pre-stress and without pre-stress. The results reveal that when the cantilever length is fixed, the stress and strain of the impeller blade and the first 6 order natural frequencies of rotor have little correlation with the cantilever ratio, while having great correlation with the working condition. The maximal deformation of the impeller blade of the nuclear main pump increases with the length of the cantilever, whereas not changing with the cantilever ratio. The maximal stress does not change with the cantilever length and the cantilever ratio. The fluid solid interaction can reduce the natural frequency of the rotor system, and the magnitude of reduction decreases with the order number increasing.
引文
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[14] LIU Houlin, WANG Yong, LIU Dongxi, et al. Assessment of a turbulence model for numerical predictions of sheet-cavitating flows in centrifugal pumps[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2013, 27(9): 2 743-3 750.
[15] 刘厚林,徐欢,吴贤芳,等. 流固耦合作用对离心泵内外特性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2012,28(13):82-87. LIU Houlin, XU Huan, WU Xianfang, et al. Effect of fluid-structure interaction on internal and external characteristics of centrifugal pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(13): 82-87(in Chinese).
[16] SONDAK D L, DORNEY D J. Simulation of coupled unsteady flow and heat conduction in turbine stage[J]. Journal of Propulsion & Power, 2015, 16(6): 1 141-1 148.
[17] 许彪. 核主泵径向导叶和压水室匹配关系对径向力影响的数值研究[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2017.
[2] 何希杰,于禧民. 离心泵水力设计对振动的影响[J]. 水泵技术,1995(1):18-22.
[3] 倪永燕. 离心泵非定常湍流场计算及流体诱导振动研究[D]. 镇江:江苏大学,2008.
[4] AL-QUTUB A, KHALIFA A, KHULIEF Y. Experimental investigation of the effect of radial gap and impeller blade exit on flow-induced vibration at the blade-passing frequency in a centrifugal pump[J]. International Journal of Rotating Machinery, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/704845.
[5] XU H, TAN M G, LIU H L, et al. Fluid-structure interaction study on diffuser pump with a two-way coupling method[J]. International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems, 2013, 6(2): 87-93.
[6] SRIVASTAV O P, PANDU K R, GUPTA K. Effect of radial gap between impeller and diffuser on vibration and noise in a centrifugal pump[J]. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India): Mechanical Engineering Division, 2003, 84(1): 36-39.
[7] 王秀礼,卢永刚,袁寿其,等. 基于流固耦合的核主泵汽蚀动力特性研究[J]. 哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,36(2):213-217. WANG Xiuli, LU Yonggang, YUAN Shouqi, et al. Dynamic characteristics analysis of the reactor coolant pump variation based on fluid-structure coupling[J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2015, 36(2): 213-217(in Chinese).
[8] 马希金,冯志丹. 基于流固耦合的轴流泵叶片结构分析[J]. 兰州理工大学学报,2015,41(4):51-54. MA Xijin, FENG Zhidan. Structural analysis of axial-flow pump blade on fluid-solid coupling[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2015, 41(4): 51-54(in Chinese).
[9] 冀宏,武俊合,王金林,等. 液压电机叶片泵的振动模态分析[J]. 兰州理工大学学报,2013,39(2):25-28. JI Hong, WU Junhe, WANG Jinlin, et al. Vibration modal analysis of hydraulic motor-vane pump[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2013, 39(2): 25-28(in Chinese).
[10] 黎义斌,李仁年,王秀勇,等. 核主泵水力性能数值预测的缩比效应研究[J]. 原子能科学技术,2015,49(4):609-615. LI Yibin, LI Rennian, WANG Xiuyong, et al. Scaling effect for hydraulic performance prediction of nuclear main pump[J]. Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 2015, 49(4): 609-615(in Chinese).
[11] 唐金松. 简明机械设计手册[M]. 3版. 上海:上海科学技术出版社,2000.
[12] 刘厚林,刘东喜,王勇,等. 三种空化模型在离心泵空化流计算中的应用评价[J]. 农业工程学报,2012,28(16):54-59. LIU Houlin, LIU Dongxi, WANG Yong, et al. Applicative evaluation of three cavitating models on cavitating flow calculation in centrifugal pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(16): 54-59(in Chinese).
[13] 王福军. 计算流体动力学分析——CFD软件原理与应用[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2011.
[14] LIU Houlin, WANG Yong, LIU Dongxi, et al. Assessment of a turbulence model for numerical predictions of sheet-cavitating flows in centrifugal pumps[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2013, 27(9): 2 743-3 750.
[15] 刘厚林,徐欢,吴贤芳,等. 流固耦合作用对离心泵内外特性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报,2012,28(13):82-87. LIU Houlin, XU Huan, WU Xianfang, et al. Effect of fluid-structure interaction on internal and external characteristics of centrifugal pump[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(13): 82-87(in Chinese).
[16] SONDAK D L, DORNEY D J. Simulation of coupled unsteady flow and heat conduction in turbine stage[J]. Journal of Propulsion & Power, 2015, 16(6): 1 141-1 148.
[17] 许彪. 核主泵径向导叶和压水室匹配关系对径向力影响的数值研究[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2017.