直驱风电场场网/场内振荡现象及抑制方法
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摘要
在直驱风电场并网电力系统闭环模型及各子系统开环模型的基础上,采用开环模式谐振理论解释了直驱风电场出现场网/场内振荡模式的机理。同时,为了抑制直驱风电场中场网/场内振荡模式,提出直驱风电场双层阻尼控制方案,即风电场层阻尼控制主要抑制场网振荡模式,风机层阻尼控制主要抑制场内振荡模式,阻尼控制参数采用全局搜索算法协调整定,共同提升直驱风电场并网系统的阻尼。最后对直驱风电场并网电力系统进行了模态分析和非线性仿真分析,验证了直驱风电场双层阻尼控制方案的有效性。
In this paper, an open loop model of PMSG, PMSG-based wind farm and power grid and a closed loop model of the power system connected with PMSG-based wind farm are established. Based on these model, the open loop mode resonance theory is used to explain the mechanism of wind-farm-grid/inside-wind-farm oscillation phenomena in PMSG-based wind farm. At the same time, in order to suppress the wind-farm-grid/inside-wind-farm oscillation, a bi-level damping control scheme of PMSG-based wind farm is proposed. The wind-farm-grid oscillation mode is mainly suppressed with wind farm-level damping controller, and the inside-wind-farm oscillation mode is mainly suppressed with wind-turbine-level damping controller. The parameters of the bi-level damping control scheme are coordinated to enhance the damping of the power system connected with PMSG-based wind farm. Modal analysis and nonlinear simulation analysis are carried out to verify effectiveness of the bi-level damping control scheme of PMSG-based wind farm.
In this paper, an open loop model of PMSG, PMSG-based wind farm and power grid and a closed loop model of the power system connected with PMSG-based wind farm are established. Based on these model, the open loop mode resonance theory is used to explain the mechanism of wind-farm-grid/inside-wind-farm oscillation phenomena in PMSG-based wind farm. At the same time, in order to suppress the wind-farm-grid/inside-wind-farm oscillation, a bi-level damping control scheme of PMSG-based wind farm is proposed. The wind-farm-grid oscillation mode is mainly suppressed with wind farm-level damping controller, and the inside-wind-farm oscillation mode is mainly suppressed with wind-turbine-level damping controller. The parameters of the bi-level damping control scheme are coordinated to enhance the damping of the power system connected with PMSG-based wind farm. Modal analysis and nonlinear simulation analysis are carried out to verify effectiveness of the bi-level damping control scheme of PMSG-based wind farm.
引文
[1]李明节,于钊,许涛,等.新能源并网系统引发的复杂振荡问题及其对策研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(4):1035-1042.Li Mingjie,Yu Zhao,Xu Tao,et al.Study of complex oscillation caused by renewable energy integration and its solution[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(4):1035-1042(in Chinese).
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[12]Liu H,Xie X,Li Y,et al.Damping DFIG-associated SSR with subsynchronous suppression filters:a case study on a practical wind farm system[C]//International Conference on Renewable Power Generation(RPG 2015).Beijing:IET,2015:1-6.
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[14]Gao X,Karaagac U,Faried S O,et al.On the use of wind energy conversion systems for mitigating subsynchronous resonance and subsynchronous interaction[C]//IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.Europe,Istanbul:IEEE,2014:1-6.
[15]张冲,王伟胜,何国庆,等.基于序阻抗的直驱风电场次同步振荡分析与锁相环参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6757-6767,7067.Zhang Chong,Wang Shengwei,He Guoqing,et al.Analysis of subsynchronous oscillation of full-converter wind farm based on sequence impedance and an optimized design method for PLLparameters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6757-6767,7067(in Chinese).
[16]严干贵,魏治成,穆钢,等.直驱永磁同步风电机组的动态建模与运行控制[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(6):34-39.Jiang Gangui,Wei Zhicheng,Mu Gang,et al.Dynamic modeling and control of directly-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2009,21(6):34-39(in Chinese).
[17]程时杰,曹一家,江全元.电力系统次同步振荡的理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:21-33.
[18]陈晨,杜文娟,王海风.DFIG风电场并网引发多机电力系统次同步振荡开环模式分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(14):4064-4073,4312.Chen Chen,Du Wenjuan,Wang Haifeng.An open-loop modal analysis method to examine the SSOs caused by grid-connected DFIGs in a multi-machine power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(14):4064-4073,4312(in Chinese).
[2]Mohammadpour H A,Santi E.Sub-synchronous resonance analysis in DFIG-based wind farms:mitigation methods-TCSC,GCSC,and DFIG control[C]//2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition(ECCE).Pittsburgh,PA:IEEE,2014:812-819.
[3]Moharana A,Varma R K,Seethapathy R.SSR alleviation by STATCOM in induction-generator-based wind farm connected to series compensated line[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2014,5(3):9547-9574.
[4]Mohammadpour H A,Shin Y J,Santi E.SSR analysis of a DFIG-based wind farm interfaced with a gate-controlled series capacitor[C]//2014 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition-APEC 2014.Fort Worth,TX:IEEE,2014:3110-3117.
[5]LüJ,Dong P,Shi G,et al.Subsynchronous oscillation of large DFIG-based wind farms integration through MMC-based HVDC[C]//2014International Conference on Power System Technology.Chengdu:IEEE,2014:2401-2408.
[6]吕敬,董鹏,施刚,等.大型双馈风电场经MMC-HVDC并网的次同步振荡及其抑制[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(19):4852-4860.LüJing,Dong Peng,Shi Gang,et al.Subsynchronous oscillation and its mitigation of MMC-based HVDC with large doubly-fed induction generator-based wind farm integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(19):4852-4860(in Chinese).
[7]Fan L,Miao Z.Mitigating SSR using DFIG-based wind generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2012,3(3):349-358.
[8]王波,卢继平,龚建原,等.含双馈机组转子侧附加控制的风电场次同步振荡抑制方法[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2580-2584.Wang Bo,Lu Jiping,Gong Jianyuan,et al.A method to suppress subsynchronous oscillation of wind farm composed of doubly fed induction generators with additional rotor side control[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2580-2584(in Chinese).
[9]董晓亮,李江,侯金鸣.基于双馈风机转子侧变流器的次同步谐振抑制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(8):92-97.Dong Xiaoliang,Li Jiang,Hou Jinming.Subsychronous resonance suppression method based on RSC-side converters in DFIG-based wind turbines[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(8):92-97(in Chinese).
[10]胡应宏,邓春,谢小荣,等.双馈风机-串补输电系统次同步谐振的附加阻尼控制[J].电网技术,2016,40(4):1169-1173.Hu Yinghong,Deng Chun,Xie Xiaorong,et al.Additional damping control of DFIG series compensated transmission system under subsynchronous resonance[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(4):1169-1173(in Chinese).
[11]Mohammadpour H A,Santi E.SSR damping controller design and optimal placement in rotor-side and grid-side converters of seriescompensated DFIG-based wind farm[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2015,6(2):388-99.
[12]Liu H,Xie X,Li Y,et al.Damping DFIG-associated SSR with subsynchronous suppression filters:a case study on a practical wind farm system[C]//International Conference on Renewable Power Generation(RPG 2015).Beijing:IET,2015:1-6.
[13]Liu Huakun,Xie Xiaorong,He Jingbo,et al.Damping DFIG-associated SSR by adding subsynchronous suppression filters to DFIGconverter controllers[C]//2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting(PESGM).Boston,MA:IEEE,2016:1-5.
[14]Gao X,Karaagac U,Faried S O,et al.On the use of wind energy conversion systems for mitigating subsynchronous resonance and subsynchronous interaction[C]//IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies.Europe,Istanbul:IEEE,2014:1-6.
[15]张冲,王伟胜,何国庆,等.基于序阻抗的直驱风电场次同步振荡分析与锁相环参数优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(23):6757-6767,7067.Zhang Chong,Wang Shengwei,He Guoqing,et al.Analysis of subsynchronous oscillation of full-converter wind farm based on sequence impedance and an optimized design method for PLLparameters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(23):6757-6767,7067(in Chinese).
[16]严干贵,魏治成,穆钢,等.直驱永磁同步风电机组的动态建模与运行控制[J].电力系统及其自动化学报,2009,21(6):34-39.Jiang Gangui,Wei Zhicheng,Mu Gang,et al.Dynamic modeling and control of directly-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbine[J].Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA,2009,21(6):34-39(in Chinese).
[17]程时杰,曹一家,江全元.电力系统次同步振荡的理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:21-33.
[18]陈晨,杜文娟,王海风.DFIG风电场并网引发多机电力系统次同步振荡开环模式分析方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(14):4064-4073,4312.Chen Chen,Du Wenjuan,Wang Haifeng.An open-loop modal analysis method to examine the SSOs caused by grid-connected DFIGs in a multi-machine power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(14):4064-4073,4312(in Chinese).