马尾松稳定碳同位素(δ~(13)C)的地理变异及其对水热因子的响应
|
摘要
利用设置在浙江省淳安县姥山林场和湖北省太子山石龙林场2个试验点的33年生马尾松种源试验林,选取不同纬度的10个代表性种源,研究其在种源间的差异、地理变异模式及对水热因子的响应.结果表明:马尾松平均年轮δ~(13)C在种源间的差异极显著,高纬度种源的平均年轮δ~(13)C高于低纬度种源.马尾松年轮δ~(13)C呈纬向的地理变异模式,形成了对种源原地环境的适应性.年轮δ~(13)C与种源地年均温(MAT)、1月均温(T_1)、年降水量(MAP)、5—9月降水量(P_(5-9))及≥10℃年积温(CT)均呈显著或极显著负相关,与干燥度指数(AI)呈显著正相关.淳安和太子山点马尾松年轮δ~(13)C对种源地干燥度指数的响应函数可分别解释年轮δ~(13)C变化的37.5%和42.5%,种源地AI是年轮δ~(13)C适应性的重要环境限制因子.马尾松稳定碳同位素δ~(13)C的年际变化与生长环境关系密切,湖北太子山试验点处于相对干旱的中西部地区,干燥度指数高,平均年轮δ~(13)C比淳安试验点高1.8%.太子山点和淳安点的马尾松年轮δ~(13)C分别对7月和8月的气温响应敏感,夏季降水量是年轮稳定碳同位素分馏的主要限制因子,而不同种源对未来气候变化的响应敏感性不同.
We used 10 representative provenances at different latitudes in two 33-year-old Pinus massoniana provenance test stands(Chun'an Laoshan in Zhejiang and Taizi Mountain Shilong in Hubei) to measure the differences among provenances, study the geographical variation, and identify its responses to hydrothermal factors. The results showed that the δ~(13)C of the average annual rings was significantly different among the provenances of P. massoniana, being higher in trees from high latitude than from low latitude. The δ~(13)C of average annual rings showed a zonal variation trend, indicating an adaptation to the original environment. The δ~(13)C of annual rings was negatively correlated with mean annual temperature(MAT), mean temperature in January(T_1), annual precipitation(MAP), precipitation from May to September(P_(5-9))and cumulative temperature above 10 ℃(CT). It was positively correlated with the aridity index(AI). The response function of AI to δ~(13)C annual rings in Chun'an and Taizi Mountain explained 37.5% and 42.5% of the variation, respectively, indicating that AI was the most important limiting factor. The Taizi Mountain test site in Hubei Province located in the central and western region with relatively dry soil and high aridity. Therefore, the δ~(13)C of the average annual ring was 1.8% higher than that in the Chun'an test site. The δ~(13)C rings of P. massoniana at the Taizi Mountain and Chun'an were sensitive to the temperature in July and August, respectively. Summer precipitation was the main factor for carbon isotope fractionation with stable rings. The sensitivity of different provenances to future climate changes was different.
We used 10 representative provenances at different latitudes in two 33-year-old Pinus massoniana provenance test stands(Chun'an Laoshan in Zhejiang and Taizi Mountain Shilong in Hubei) to measure the differences among provenances, study the geographical variation, and identify its responses to hydrothermal factors. The results showed that the δ~(13)C of the average annual rings was significantly different among the provenances of P. massoniana, being higher in trees from high latitude than from low latitude. The δ~(13)C of average annual rings showed a zonal variation trend, indicating an adaptation to the original environment. The δ~(13)C of annual rings was negatively correlated with mean annual temperature(MAT), mean temperature in January(T_1), annual precipitation(MAP), precipitation from May to September(P_(5-9))and cumulative temperature above 10 ℃(CT). It was positively correlated with the aridity index(AI). The response function of AI to δ~(13)C annual rings in Chun'an and Taizi Mountain explained 37.5% and 42.5% of the variation, respectively, indicating that AI was the most important limiting factor. The Taizi Mountain test site in Hubei Province located in the central and western region with relatively dry soil and high aridity. Therefore, the δ~(13)C of the average annual ring was 1.8% higher than that in the Chun'an test site. The δ~(13)C rings of P. massoniana at the Taizi Mountain and Chun'an were sensitive to the temperature in July and August, respectively. Summer precipitation was the main factor for carbon isotope fractionation with stable rings. The sensitivity of different provenances to future climate changes was different.
引文
[1] Dawson TE,Mambelli S,Plamboeck AH,et al.Stable isotopes in plant ecology.Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,2002,33:507-559
[2] Hartman G,Danin A.Isotopic values of plants in relation to water availability in the Eastern Mediterranean region.Oecologia,2010,162:837-85
[3] Van de Water PK,Leavitt SW,Betancourt JL.Leaf δ13C variability with elevation,slope aspect,and precipitation in the southwest United States.Oecologia,2002,132:332-343
[4] Liu J-F (刘建峰),Zhang Y-T (张玉婷),Ni Y-Y (倪妍妍),et al.Latitudinal trends in foliar δ13C and δ15N of Quercus variabilis and their influencing factors.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(5):1373-1380 (in Chinese)
[5] McCarroll D,Loader NJ.Stable isotopes in tree rings.Quaternary Science Reviews,2004,23:771-801
[6] Dodd JP,Patterson WP,Holmden C,et al.Robotic micromilling of tree-rings:A new tool for obtaining subseasonal environmental isotope records.Chemical Geology,2008,252:21-30
[7] Eillmann B,Buchmann N,Siegwolf R,et al.Fast response of Scots pine to improved water availability reflected in tree-ring width and δ13C.Plant,Cell & Environment,2010,33:1351-1360
[8] Robertson I,Loader NJ,Mccarroll D,et al.δ13C of tree-ring lignin as an indirect measure of climate change.Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2004,4:531-544
[9] Liu Q-H (刘青华),Zhang R (张蕊),Jin G-Q (金国庆),et al.Variation of ring width and wood basic density and early selection of Pinus massoniana provenances.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2010,46(5):49-54 (in Chinese)
[10] Zobel BJ,van Buijtenen JP.Wood Variation:Its Causes and Control.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1989:72-131
[11] Schreiber SG,Ding C,Hamann A,et al.Frost hardiness vs.growth performance in trembling aspen:An experimental test of assisted migration.Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,50:939-949
[12] Chen F,Yuan YJ,Wei WS,et al.Divergent response of tree-ring width and maximum latewood density of Abies faxoniana to warming trends at the timberline of the western Qinling Mountains and northeastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Silva Fennica,2015,49:1-16
[13] Klein T,Di Matteo G,Rotenberg E,et al.Differential ecophysiological response of a major Mediterranean pine species across a climatic gradient.Tree Physiology,2013,33:26-36
[14] Washington JG,Milo? I,Katharina JL,et al.Drivers of genotype by environment interaction in radiata pine as indicated by multivariate regression trees.Forest Ecology and Management,2015,353:21-29
[15] Wang J (王建),Zhao Y-S (赵业思),Shang Z-Y (商志远),et al.Diverse stable carbon isotope ratios in tree-ring components of Pinus massoniana with their climate sensitivities.Scientia Geographica Sinica (地理科学),2016,36(8):1261-1268 (in Chinese)
[16] Liu Q-H (刘青华),Zhang R (张蕊),Jin G-Q (金国庆),et al.Provenance variation in growth,stem form and wood density of masson pine at 24 year old and the provenance division.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2009,45(10):55-61 (in Chinese)
[17] Liu M (刘敏),Mao Z-J (毛子军),Li Y (厉悦),et al.Response of radial growth to climate change in Pinus koraiensis with different diameter classes.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(11):3530-3540 (in Chinese)
[18] Holmes RL.Computer-assisted quality control in tree ring dating and measurement.Tree-Ring Bulletin,1983,43:69-78
[19] Sun S-J (孙守家),Li C-Y (李春友),He C-X (何春霞),et al.Retrospective analysis of the poplar plantation degradation based on stable carbon isotope of tree rings in Zhangbei County.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2017,28(7):2119-2127 (in Chinese)
[20] Lauteri M,Pliura A,Monteverdi MC,et al.Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination in six European populations of Castanea sativa Mill.originating from contrasting localities.Journal of Evolutionary Biology,2004,17:1286-1296
[21] Baltunis BS,Martin TA,Huber DA,et al.Inheritance of foliar stable carbon isotope discrimination and third-year height in Pinus taeda clones on contrasting sites in Florida and Georgia.Tree Genetics & Genomes,2008,4:797-807
[22] de Miguel M,Sánchez-Gómez D,Cervera MT,et al.Functional and genetic characterization of gas exchange and intrinsic water use efficiency in a full-sib family of Pinus pinaster Ait.in response to drought.Tree Physiology,2012,32:94-103
[23] Robson TM,Sánchez-Gómez D,Cano FJ,et al.Variation in functional leaf traits among beech provenances during a Spanish summer reflects the differences in their origin.Tree Genetics & Genomes,2012,8:1111-1121
[24] Quan X-K (全先奎),Wang C-K (王传宽).Comparison of foliar water use efficiency among 17 provenances of Larix gmelinii in the Mao’ershan area.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (植物生态学报),2015,39(4):352-361 (in Chinese)
[25] Frenne P,Graae BJ,Rodríguez-Sánchez F,et al.Latitudinal gradients as natural laboratories to infer species responses to temperature.Journal of Ecology,2013,101:784-795
[26] Zhu Q,Jiang H,Peng CH,et al.Evaluating the effects of future climate change and elevated CO2 on the water use efficiency in terrestrial ecosystems of China.Ecological Modelling,2011,222:2414-2429
[27] Liu XP,Fan YY,Long JX,et al.Effects of soil water and nitrogen availability on photosynthesis and water use efficiency of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2013,25:585-595
[28] Lin L (林磊),Zhou Z-C (周志春),Fan H-H (范辉华),et al.Provenance difference in stable carbon isotope discrimination of Schima superba.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2009,20(4):741-746 (in Chinese)
[29] Lu W-W (路伟伟),Yu X-X (于新晓),Jia G-D (贾国栋),et al.Response of stable carbon isotope of tree-ring to temperature and precipitation changes in Pinus tabulaeformis in Miyun Mountain Area.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2018,54(3):1-7 (in Chinese)
[30] Ma L-M (马利民),Liu Y (刘禹),Zhao J-F (赵建夫).The relationship between environmental change and stable carbon isotopes records from tree-ring in Mt.Helan.Environmental Science (环境科学),2003,24(5):49-53 (in Chinese)
[31] Sidorova OV,Siegwolf RTW,Myglan VS,et al.The application of tree-rings and stable isotopes for reconstructions of climate conditions in the Russian Altai.Climatic Change,2013,120:153-167
[32] J?ggi M,Saurer M,Fuhrer J,et al.The relationship between the stable carbon isotope composition of needle bulk material,starch,and tree rings in Picea abies.Oecologia,2002,131:325-332
[2] Hartman G,Danin A.Isotopic values of plants in relation to water availability in the Eastern Mediterranean region.Oecologia,2010,162:837-85
[3] Van de Water PK,Leavitt SW,Betancourt JL.Leaf δ13C variability with elevation,slope aspect,and precipitation in the southwest United States.Oecologia,2002,132:332-343
[4] Liu J-F (刘建峰),Zhang Y-T (张玉婷),Ni Y-Y (倪妍妍),et al.Latitudinal trends in foliar δ13C and δ15N of Quercus variabilis and their influencing factors.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(5):1373-1380 (in Chinese)
[5] McCarroll D,Loader NJ.Stable isotopes in tree rings.Quaternary Science Reviews,2004,23:771-801
[6] Dodd JP,Patterson WP,Holmden C,et al.Robotic micromilling of tree-rings:A new tool for obtaining subseasonal environmental isotope records.Chemical Geology,2008,252:21-30
[7] Eillmann B,Buchmann N,Siegwolf R,et al.Fast response of Scots pine to improved water availability reflected in tree-ring width and δ13C.Plant,Cell & Environment,2010,33:1351-1360
[8] Robertson I,Loader NJ,Mccarroll D,et al.δ13C of tree-ring lignin as an indirect measure of climate change.Water,Air,and Soil Pollution,2004,4:531-544
[9] Liu Q-H (刘青华),Zhang R (张蕊),Jin G-Q (金国庆),et al.Variation of ring width and wood basic density and early selection of Pinus massoniana provenances.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2010,46(5):49-54 (in Chinese)
[10] Zobel BJ,van Buijtenen JP.Wood Variation:Its Causes and Control.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,1989:72-131
[11] Schreiber SG,Ding C,Hamann A,et al.Frost hardiness vs.growth performance in trembling aspen:An experimental test of assisted migration.Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,50:939-949
[12] Chen F,Yuan YJ,Wei WS,et al.Divergent response of tree-ring width and maximum latewood density of Abies faxoniana to warming trends at the timberline of the western Qinling Mountains and northeastern Tibetan Plateau,China.Silva Fennica,2015,49:1-16
[13] Klein T,Di Matteo G,Rotenberg E,et al.Differential ecophysiological response of a major Mediterranean pine species across a climatic gradient.Tree Physiology,2013,33:26-36
[14] Washington JG,Milo? I,Katharina JL,et al.Drivers of genotype by environment interaction in radiata pine as indicated by multivariate regression trees.Forest Ecology and Management,2015,353:21-29
[15] Wang J (王建),Zhao Y-S (赵业思),Shang Z-Y (商志远),et al.Diverse stable carbon isotope ratios in tree-ring components of Pinus massoniana with their climate sensitivities.Scientia Geographica Sinica (地理科学),2016,36(8):1261-1268 (in Chinese)
[16] Liu Q-H (刘青华),Zhang R (张蕊),Jin G-Q (金国庆),et al.Provenance variation in growth,stem form and wood density of masson pine at 24 year old and the provenance division.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2009,45(10):55-61 (in Chinese)
[17] Liu M (刘敏),Mao Z-J (毛子军),Li Y (厉悦),et al.Response of radial growth to climate change in Pinus koraiensis with different diameter classes.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(11):3530-3540 (in Chinese)
[18] Holmes RL.Computer-assisted quality control in tree ring dating and measurement.Tree-Ring Bulletin,1983,43:69-78
[19] Sun S-J (孙守家),Li C-Y (李春友),He C-X (何春霞),et al.Retrospective analysis of the poplar plantation degradation based on stable carbon isotope of tree rings in Zhangbei County.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2017,28(7):2119-2127 (in Chinese)
[20] Lauteri M,Pliura A,Monteverdi MC,et al.Genetic variation in carbon isotope discrimination in six European populations of Castanea sativa Mill.originating from contrasting localities.Journal of Evolutionary Biology,2004,17:1286-1296
[21] Baltunis BS,Martin TA,Huber DA,et al.Inheritance of foliar stable carbon isotope discrimination and third-year height in Pinus taeda clones on contrasting sites in Florida and Georgia.Tree Genetics & Genomes,2008,4:797-807
[22] de Miguel M,Sánchez-Gómez D,Cervera MT,et al.Functional and genetic characterization of gas exchange and intrinsic water use efficiency in a full-sib family of Pinus pinaster Ait.in response to drought.Tree Physiology,2012,32:94-103
[23] Robson TM,Sánchez-Gómez D,Cano FJ,et al.Variation in functional leaf traits among beech provenances during a Spanish summer reflects the differences in their origin.Tree Genetics & Genomes,2012,8:1111-1121
[24] Quan X-K (全先奎),Wang C-K (王传宽).Comparison of foliar water use efficiency among 17 provenances of Larix gmelinii in the Mao’ershan area.Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (植物生态学报),2015,39(4):352-361 (in Chinese)
[25] Frenne P,Graae BJ,Rodríguez-Sánchez F,et al.Latitudinal gradients as natural laboratories to infer species responses to temperature.Journal of Ecology,2013,101:784-795
[26] Zhu Q,Jiang H,Peng CH,et al.Evaluating the effects of future climate change and elevated CO2 on the water use efficiency in terrestrial ecosystems of China.Ecological Modelling,2011,222:2414-2429
[27] Liu XP,Fan YY,Long JX,et al.Effects of soil water and nitrogen availability on photosynthesis and water use efficiency of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings.Journal of Environmental Sciences,2013,25:585-595
[28] Lin L (林磊),Zhou Z-C (周志春),Fan H-H (范辉华),et al.Provenance difference in stable carbon isotope discrimination of Schima superba.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2009,20(4):741-746 (in Chinese)
[29] Lu W-W (路伟伟),Yu X-X (于新晓),Jia G-D (贾国栋),et al.Response of stable carbon isotope of tree-ring to temperature and precipitation changes in Pinus tabulaeformis in Miyun Mountain Area.Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学),2018,54(3):1-7 (in Chinese)
[30] Ma L-M (马利民),Liu Y (刘禹),Zhao J-F (赵建夫).The relationship between environmental change and stable carbon isotopes records from tree-ring in Mt.Helan.Environmental Science (环境科学),2003,24(5):49-53 (in Chinese)
[31] Sidorova OV,Siegwolf RTW,Myglan VS,et al.The application of tree-rings and stable isotopes for reconstructions of climate conditions in the Russian Altai.Climatic Change,2013,120:153-167
[32] J?ggi M,Saurer M,Fuhrer J,et al.The relationship between the stable carbon isotope composition of needle bulk material,starch,and tree rings in Picea abies.Oecologia,2002,131:325-332