低渗透油藏压裂井网水电模拟
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摘要
根据水电相似原理,设计直井压裂井网实验模拟模型,研究正对式和交错式排状井网条件下渗流场分布规律,及裂缝方位、裂缝穿透比和井网排距对渗流场分布的影响.研究表明,压力等势线以裂缝为轴呈椭圆分布,裂缝穿透比越大,等势线密度越大,压裂井附近渗流由径向流向线性流转变趋势就越大;相同注采压差情况下,排距越大,裂缝周围地层压力保持水平越低,流体渗流过程中压降损失越大;在相同生产条件及井距排距情况下,交错式排状井网开发过程地层压力保持水平优于正对式排状井网.
A water-electricity imitation experiment was made according to the water and electricity resembling principle.The potentiometric contour,the influence of fracture orientation and fracture penetration ratio on distribution were studied under the conditions of the five-spot,opposite and cross row vertical hydraulic well pattern.The experimental results show that the pressure equipotential line is distributed elliptically with rotating by taking the fracture as axis.With the increase of the fracture penetration ratio,the transforming tendency from radial flow to linear flow around the fracture becomes larger.With the same injection/production pressure difference,the pressure around the fracture becomes lower with the increase of line distance.Under the same production state and well distance,the maintenance of pressure in the cross row well pattern is greater than that in the opposite row well pattern.
A water-electricity imitation experiment was made according to the water and electricity resembling principle.The potentiometric contour,the influence of fracture orientation and fracture penetration ratio on distribution were studied under the conditions of the five-spot,opposite and cross row vertical hydraulic well pattern.The experimental results show that the pressure equipotential line is distributed elliptically with rotating by taking the fracture as axis.With the increase of the fracture penetration ratio,the transforming tendency from radial flow to linear flow around the fracture becomes larger.With the same injection/production pressure difference,the pressure around the fracture becomes lower with the increase of line distance.Under the same production state and well distance,the maintenance of pressure in the cross row well pattern is greater than that in the opposite row well pattern.
引文
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[13]Cao Guoliang,Li Xiaohui,Zhang Qi,et al.Experimental study on the seepage law of ultra-low permeability reservoir of the five-spot long fracturing technique[J].Science and Technology of West China,2012,34(2):99-104.(in Chinese)曹国梁,李晓慧,张琪,等.特低渗五点井网长缝压裂渗流规律研究[J].中国西部科技,2012,34(2):99-104.
[14]Shi Yu,Yang Zhengming,Huang Yanzhang,et al.Study on non-linear seepage flow model for low-permeability reservoir[J].Actra Petrolei Sinica,2012,35(5):731734.(in Chinese)时宇,杨正明,黄延章,等.低渗透储层非线性流模型研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):731-734.
[2]Yang Li.The research on seepage law of low-permeability oil reservoir[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2011,10:81-84.(in Chinese)杨立.低渗透油气田渗流规律研究[J].西部探矿工程,2011,10:81-84.
[3]Cui Guangxin.Similarity Theory and Model Test[M].Xuzhou:Press of China University of Mine,1990:1-78.(in Chinese)崔广心.相似理论与模型实验[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,1990:1-78.
[4]Gao Fei,Han Guoqing,Wu Xiaodong,et al.The research of experimental method about hydroelectric simulation[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(16):45-47.(in Chinese)高飞,韩国庆,吴晓东,等.水电模拟实验方法研究[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(16):45-47.
[5]Hu Bo,Cheng Shiqing,Yuan Zhiming,et al.Experimental research on fishbone wells by electric field analogue model[J].Journal of Liaoning Technical University Natural Science,2009,28(4):128-131.(in Chinese)胡博,程时清,袁志明,等.鱼骨刺井电模拟实验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报自然科学版,2009,28(4):128-131.
[6]Mitchell J K,Younger J S.Abnormalities in hydraulic flow through fine-grained soils[J].ASTM Spech,1967,417:106-141
[7]Qu Zhanqing,Zhang Qi,Wu Zhimin,et al.Experimental research on electric analogy of the productivity of fracturedhorizontal well[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2006,13(3):53-55.(in Chinese)曲占庆,张琪,吴志民,等.水平井压裂产能电模拟实验研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(3):53-55.
[8]Xu Qingyan,Yang Zhengming,He Ying,et al.Numerical simulation of nonlinear seepage in super-low permeability reservoirs[J].Journal of Shenzhen University Science and Engineering,2012,29(6):504-508.(in Chinese)徐庆岩,杨正明,何英,等.超低渗透油藏非线性渗流数值模拟[J].深圳大学学报理工版,2012,29(6):504-508.
[9]Guo Ping,Xu Yonggao,Chen Zhaozuo,et al.New ideas obtained from laboratory study of flowing mechanisms in low-permeability reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(7):86-88.(in Chinese)郭平,徐永高,陈召佐,等.对低渗气藏渗流机理实验研究的新认识[J].天然气工业,2007,27(7):86-88.
[10]Cai Xingxing.The Filtration Law and Well Pattern Optimization Procedure of Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells in Thin Interbed and Low Permeability Reservoir Fan147[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2011.(in Chinese)蔡星星.樊147薄互层低渗油藏压裂水平井渗流规律及井网优化研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2011.
[11]Hao Mingqiang,Wang Xiaodong,Hu Yongle.Productivity calculation of multi-fractued horizontal well in ultra-low permeability pressure-sensitive reservoirs[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum Edition of Natural Sciences,2011,35(6):99-104.(in Chinese)郝明强,王晓冬,胡永乐.压敏性特低渗透油藏压裂水平井产能计算[J].中国石油大学报自然科学版,2011,35(6):99-104.
[12]Zhu Ming,Wu Xiaodong,Han Guoqing,et al.Experimental research of electric analogy for multi-lateral wells[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,35(6):90-93.(in Chinese)朱明,吴晓东,韩国庆,等.多分支井电模拟试验研究[J].石油天然气学报,2012,35(6):90-93.
[13]Cao Guoliang,Li Xiaohui,Zhang Qi,et al.Experimental study on the seepage law of ultra-low permeability reservoir of the five-spot long fracturing technique[J].Science and Technology of West China,2012,34(2):99-104.(in Chinese)曹国梁,李晓慧,张琪,等.特低渗五点井网长缝压裂渗流规律研究[J].中国西部科技,2012,34(2):99-104.
[14]Shi Yu,Yang Zhengming,Huang Yanzhang,et al.Study on non-linear seepage flow model for low-permeability reservoir[J].Actra Petrolei Sinica,2012,35(5):731734.(in Chinese)时宇,杨正明,黄延章,等.低渗透储层非线性流模型研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(5):731-734.