主、被动冷却的微槽道热管PV/T组件光电/光热性能对比分析
|
摘要
利用吸液芯为Ω形轴向微槽道热管在中低温余热回收领域中较高的热回收率和品质,设计与构建了一种基于Ω形微槽道热管风冷冷却的PV/T组件。测试分析了在主动冷却条件和被动冷条件下PV/T组件的热/电性能以及热风温度。试验结果表明,组件平均光电效率高于11%,平均光热效率为30%左右,平均?效率高于13%,热风温度可达41℃以上,且主动冷却PV/T组件的光电、光热效率以及?效率均高于被动冷却PV/T组件。与传统PV/T组件相比,该PV/T组件具有较明显的光电/热性能优势,收集的热风可用于建筑采暖、强化通风及热风干燥。
The design and construction were based on the omega-shaped micro grooves heat pipe air cooling PV/T component by taking advantage of the heat pipe with axial omega-shaped micro grooves wick, which has higher heat recovery efficiency and quality in middle or low temperature waste heat recovery field. Under active cooling and passive cooling conditions, thermal/electrical properties and hot air temperature of the PV/T component were tested and analyzed respectively. The test results indicated that the component's average electric efficiency, average thermal efficiency, average total efficiency, average energy efficiency and hot air temperature are more than 11%, about 30%, about 60%, more than 13%, and more than 41℃. The electric efficiency, thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of active cooling PV/T component were significantly higher than that of passive cooling PV/T component. Compared with traditional PV/T component, this PV/T component has obvious performance advantages. The collected hot air can be used for building heating, strengthening ventilation as well as hot air drying.
The design and construction were based on the omega-shaped micro grooves heat pipe air cooling PV/T component by taking advantage of the heat pipe with axial omega-shaped micro grooves wick, which has higher heat recovery efficiency and quality in middle or low temperature waste heat recovery field. Under active cooling and passive cooling conditions, thermal/electrical properties and hot air temperature of the PV/T component were tested and analyzed respectively. The test results indicated that the component's average electric efficiency, average thermal efficiency, average total efficiency, average energy efficiency and hot air temperature are more than 11%, about 30%, about 60%, more than 13%, and more than 41℃. The electric efficiency, thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency of active cooling PV/T component were significantly higher than that of passive cooling PV/T component. Compared with traditional PV/T component, this PV/T component has obvious performance advantages. The collected hot air can be used for building heating, strengthening ventilation as well as hot air drying.
引文
[1]KERN E C JR,RUSSELL M C.Combined photovoltaic and thermal hybrid collector systems[C]//Proceeding of the 13th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists.Washington,USA,1978:1153-1157.
[2]符慧德.热管式光伏光热综合利用系统的理论和实验研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.FU H D.Numerical and experimental study on a heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal system[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2012.
[3]CHOW T T.A review on photovoltaic/thermal hybrid solar technology[J].Applied Energy,2010,87(2):365-379.
[4]徐国英,张小松,赵善国.平板型太阳能光伏光热一体化热泵热水系统特性[J].化工学报,2012,63(S2):136-141.XU G Y,ZHANG X S,ZHAO S G.Performance of flat-plate PV/T integrated heat pump water heating system[J].CIESC Journal,2012,63(S2):136-141.
[5]张龙灿,裴刚,张涛,等.新型光伏-太阳能环形热管热泵复合系统的实验研究[J].化工学报,2014,65(8):3228-3236.ZHANG L C,PEI G,ZHANG T,et al.A new photovoltaic solar-assisted loop heat pipe/heat-pump system[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(8):3228-3236.
[6]董丹,秦红,刘重裕,等.太阳能光伏-热PV/T技术的研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(5):1020-1021.DONG D,QIN H,LIU C Y,et al.Research progress in solar photovoltaic/thermal(PV/T)technology[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013,32(5):1020-1021.
[7]HASAN M A,SUMATHY K.Photovoltaic thermal module concepts and their performance analysis:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2010,14(7):1845-1859.
[8]孙亮亮,袁艳平,胡文举,等.热水型PV/T组件结构参数的敏感性分析[J].化工学报,2014,65(S2):236-239.SUN L L,YUAN Y P,HU W J,et al.Sensitivity analysis of configuration parameters of water-type PV/T module[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(S2):236-239.
[9]FLORSCHUETZ L W.Extension of the Hottel-Whillier model to the analysis of combined photovoltaic/thermal flat plate collectors[J].Solar Energy,1979,22(4):361-366.
[10]BROGREN M,NOSTELL P,KARLSSON B.Optical efficiency of a PV-thermal hybrid CPC module for high latitudes[J].Solar Energy,2000,69(I-6):173-185.
[11]EICKER U,DALIBARD A.Photovoltaic-thermal collectors for night radiative cooling of buildings[J].Solar Energy,2011,85(7):1322-1335.
[12]赵军,秦娜,段征强.太阳电池及光伏热(PV/T)结构的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(3):327-331.ZHAO J,QIN N,DUAN Z Q.The experimental research on solar cell and PV/T structure[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(3):327-331.
[13]朱绘娟,裴刚,符慧德,等.不同管间距热管PV/T系统中光电/光热性能的对比研究[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(7):1172-1176.ZHU H J,PEI G,FU H D,et al.Comparative research between two different heat pipe spaces PV/T systems[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(7):1172-1176.
[14]唐李清,朱志群,荆树春,等.以水为工质的面板式PV/T系统性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(4):860-864.TANG L Q,ZHU Z Q,JING S C,et al.Performance study of flowing-over water cooled PV/T system[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(4):860-864.
[15]FRAISSE G,JOHANNESA K.Energy performance of water hybrid PV/T collectors applied to combisystems of direct solar floor type[J].Solar Energy,2007,81(11):1426-1438.
[16]王六玲,李明,杨志坤.槽式聚光太阳能热点联供复合循环[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(8):1054-1057.WANG L L,LI M,YANG Z K.The combined heat and power cycle with concentrating trough solar power[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(8):1054-1057.
[17]ZONDAG H A.Flat-plate PV-thermal collector and system:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review,2008,12(4):891-959.
[18]JOSHI A S,DINCER I,REDDY B V.Performance analysis of photovoltaic systems:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2009,13(8):1884-1897.
[19]CHARALAMBOUS P G,MAIDMENT G G,KALOGIROU S A,et al.Photovoltaic thermal(PV/T)collectors:a review[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2007,27(2/3):275-286.
[20]李冠群,孙晓琳,陈金峰,等.基于光电/光热一体化的太阳能热泵性能分析[J].化工学报,2016,67(S2):291-296.LI G Q,SUN X L,CHEN J F,et al.Performance of PV/T solar-assisted heat pump system[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(S2):291-296.
[21]张程宾,施明恒,陈永平,等.“Ω”形轴向槽道热管的流动和传热特性[J].化工学报,2008,59(3):544-550.ZHANG C B,SHI M H,CHEN Y P,et al.Flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat pipe with axial“Ω”-shaped grooves[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(3):544-550.
[22]杨开敏.轴向槽道热管传热机理分析与实验研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.YANG K M.Mechanism analysis and experimental study of heat transfer in axial grooved heat pipes[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2013.
[23]张红,杨峻,庄骏.热管节能技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009.ZHANG H,YANG J,ZHUANG J.Energy Saving Technology of Heat Pipe[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2009.
[24]SUHJ P.Analysis of thermal performance in a micro flat heat pipe with axially trapezoidal groove[J].Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering,2003,6(4):201-206.
[25]张丽春,马同泽,张正芳,等.微槽道平板热管传热性能的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(3):493-495.ZHANG L C,MA T Z,ZHANG Z F,et al.Experimental investigation on thermal characteristics of flat miniature axially grooved heat pipes[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2003,24(3):493-495.
[26]金志浩,待立鹏,汤方丽,等.梯形槽道微型平板热管的特性研究[J].沈阳化工大学学报,2016,30(1):60-64.JIN Z H,DAI L P,TANG F L,et al.Characteristics of a micro flat heat pipe with trapeziodal grooves[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,2016,30(1):60-64.
[27]朱圆斌,李仪龙,曹震波.厚壁“Ω”形微槽道铝热管的连续挤压研究[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(19):79-81.ZHU Y B,LI Y L,CAO Z B.Study on continuous extrusion of aluminum heat pipe with thick-walled“Ω”shaped micro-grooves[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(19):79-81.
[28]陶汉中,张红,庄骏.槽道吸液芯热管的研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(3):403-412.TAO H Z,ZHANG H,ZHUANG J.Progress in the theoretical study on miniature axial grooved heat pipe[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2010,29(3):403-412.
[29]高黑兵,高鹏,郑大亮,等.Ω型轴向槽道热管的研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(20):6-10.GAO H B,GAO P,ZHENG D L,et al.Progress in study on axialΩshape grooved heat pipe[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(20):6-10.
[30]KYU H D,SEOK P J.Effect of nanofluids on the thermal performance of a flat micro heat pipe with a rectangular grooved wick[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2010,25(10):2183-2192.
[31]CENGEL C A,BOLES M A.Thermodynamics—An Engineering Approach[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2016.
[32]COENTRY J S,LOVEGROVE K.Development of an approach to compare the valve of electrical and thermal output rom a domestic PV/thermal system[J].Solar Energy,2003,75:63-72.
[2]符慧德.热管式光伏光热综合利用系统的理论和实验研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2012.FU H D.Numerical and experimental study on a heat pipe photovoltaic/thermal system[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2012.
[3]CHOW T T.A review on photovoltaic/thermal hybrid solar technology[J].Applied Energy,2010,87(2):365-379.
[4]徐国英,张小松,赵善国.平板型太阳能光伏光热一体化热泵热水系统特性[J].化工学报,2012,63(S2):136-141.XU G Y,ZHANG X S,ZHAO S G.Performance of flat-plate PV/T integrated heat pump water heating system[J].CIESC Journal,2012,63(S2):136-141.
[5]张龙灿,裴刚,张涛,等.新型光伏-太阳能环形热管热泵复合系统的实验研究[J].化工学报,2014,65(8):3228-3236.ZHANG L C,PEI G,ZHANG T,et al.A new photovoltaic solar-assisted loop heat pipe/heat-pump system[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(8):3228-3236.
[6]董丹,秦红,刘重裕,等.太阳能光伏-热PV/T技术的研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(5):1020-1021.DONG D,QIN H,LIU C Y,et al.Research progress in solar photovoltaic/thermal(PV/T)technology[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013,32(5):1020-1021.
[7]HASAN M A,SUMATHY K.Photovoltaic thermal module concepts and their performance analysis:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2010,14(7):1845-1859.
[8]孙亮亮,袁艳平,胡文举,等.热水型PV/T组件结构参数的敏感性分析[J].化工学报,2014,65(S2):236-239.SUN L L,YUAN Y P,HU W J,et al.Sensitivity analysis of configuration parameters of water-type PV/T module[J].CIESC Journal,2014,65(S2):236-239.
[9]FLORSCHUETZ L W.Extension of the Hottel-Whillier model to the analysis of combined photovoltaic/thermal flat plate collectors[J].Solar Energy,1979,22(4):361-366.
[10]BROGREN M,NOSTELL P,KARLSSON B.Optical efficiency of a PV-thermal hybrid CPC module for high latitudes[J].Solar Energy,2000,69(I-6):173-185.
[11]EICKER U,DALIBARD A.Photovoltaic-thermal collectors for night radiative cooling of buildings[J].Solar Energy,2011,85(7):1322-1335.
[12]赵军,秦娜,段征强.太阳电池及光伏热(PV/T)结构的实验研究[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(3):327-331.ZHAO J,QIN N,DUAN Z Q.The experimental research on solar cell and PV/T structure[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(3):327-331.
[13]朱绘娟,裴刚,符慧德,等.不同管间距热管PV/T系统中光电/光热性能的对比研究[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(7):1172-1176.ZHU H J,PEI G,FU H D,et al.Comparative research between two different heat pipe spaces PV/T systems[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(7):1172-1176.
[14]唐李清,朱志群,荆树春,等.以水为工质的面板式PV/T系统性能研究[J].太阳能学报,2015,36(4):860-864.TANG L Q,ZHU Z Q,JING S C,et al.Performance study of flowing-over water cooled PV/T system[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2015,36(4):860-864.
[15]FRAISSE G,JOHANNESA K.Energy performance of water hybrid PV/T collectors applied to combisystems of direct solar floor type[J].Solar Energy,2007,81(11):1426-1438.
[16]王六玲,李明,杨志坤.槽式聚光太阳能热点联供复合循环[J].太阳能学报,2009,30(8):1054-1057.WANG L L,LI M,YANG Z K.The combined heat and power cycle with concentrating trough solar power[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2009,30(8):1054-1057.
[17]ZONDAG H A.Flat-plate PV-thermal collector and system:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Review,2008,12(4):891-959.
[18]JOSHI A S,DINCER I,REDDY B V.Performance analysis of photovoltaic systems:a review[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2009,13(8):1884-1897.
[19]CHARALAMBOUS P G,MAIDMENT G G,KALOGIROU S A,et al.Photovoltaic thermal(PV/T)collectors:a review[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2007,27(2/3):275-286.
[20]李冠群,孙晓琳,陈金峰,等.基于光电/光热一体化的太阳能热泵性能分析[J].化工学报,2016,67(S2):291-296.LI G Q,SUN X L,CHEN J F,et al.Performance of PV/T solar-assisted heat pump system[J].CIESC Journal,2016,67(S2):291-296.
[21]张程宾,施明恒,陈永平,等.“Ω”形轴向槽道热管的流动和传热特性[J].化工学报,2008,59(3):544-550.ZHANG C B,SHI M H,CHEN Y P,et al.Flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat pipe with axial“Ω”-shaped grooves[J].Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering(China),2008,59(3):544-550.
[22]杨开敏.轴向槽道热管传热机理分析与实验研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.YANG K M.Mechanism analysis and experimental study of heat transfer in axial grooved heat pipes[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2013.
[23]张红,杨峻,庄骏.热管节能技术[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2009.ZHANG H,YANG J,ZHUANG J.Energy Saving Technology of Heat Pipe[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2009.
[24]SUHJ P.Analysis of thermal performance in a micro flat heat pipe with axially trapezoidal groove[J].Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering,2003,6(4):201-206.
[25]张丽春,马同泽,张正芳,等.微槽道平板热管传热性能的实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2003,24(3):493-495.ZHANG L C,MA T Z,ZHANG Z F,et al.Experimental investigation on thermal characteristics of flat miniature axially grooved heat pipes[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2003,24(3):493-495.
[26]金志浩,待立鹏,汤方丽,等.梯形槽道微型平板热管的特性研究[J].沈阳化工大学学报,2016,30(1):60-64.JIN Z H,DAI L P,TANG F L,et al.Characteristics of a micro flat heat pipe with trapeziodal grooves[J].Journal of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,2016,30(1):60-64.
[27]朱圆斌,李仪龙,曹震波.厚壁“Ω”形微槽道铝热管的连续挤压研究[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(19):79-81.ZHU Y B,LI Y L,CAO Z B.Study on continuous extrusion of aluminum heat pipe with thick-walled“Ω”shaped micro-grooves[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(19):79-81.
[28]陶汉中,张红,庄骏.槽道吸液芯热管的研究进展[J].化工进展,2010,29(3):403-412.TAO H Z,ZHANG H,ZHUANG J.Progress in the theoretical study on miniature axial grooved heat pipe[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2010,29(3):403-412.
[29]高黑兵,高鹏,郑大亮,等.Ω型轴向槽道热管的研究进展[J].热加工工艺,2013,42(20):6-10.GAO H B,GAO P,ZHENG D L,et al.Progress in study on axialΩshape grooved heat pipe[J].Hot Working Technology,2013,42(20):6-10.
[30]KYU H D,SEOK P J.Effect of nanofluids on the thermal performance of a flat micro heat pipe with a rectangular grooved wick[J].International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,2010,25(10):2183-2192.
[31]CENGEL C A,BOLES M A.Thermodynamics—An Engineering Approach[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2016.
[32]COENTRY J S,LOVEGROVE K.Development of an approach to compare the valve of electrical and thermal output rom a domestic PV/thermal system[J].Solar Energy,2003,75:63-72.