P91和Super304H钢表面涂覆NaCl在高温水蒸汽中的腐蚀行为
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摘要
在海洋性大气中,沉积在金属构件表面的NaCl在高温环境中可能导致金属加速腐蚀。在600°C NaCl和水蒸汽环境中,研究了P91钢和Super304H钢的腐蚀行为。采用XRD,SEM/EDS对腐蚀产物膜相组成和形貌进行了分析。结果表明,P91钢和Super304H钢均表现为失重,受到严重腐蚀。样品表面的腐蚀产物层中有大量裂纹和孔洞,导致腐蚀产物大量剥落。P91钢表面腐蚀产物主要由Fe_2O_3组成。Super304H钢由(Fe,Cr,Ni)_3O_4和NiO组成。由于Cr_2O_3膜在NaCl和高温水蒸汽中受到严重破坏,两种合金均遭到严重腐蚀,含Cr量较高的Super304H钢比P91钢腐蚀更严重,且有明显的晶间腐蚀发生。
Corrosion behavior of P91 steel and Super304H steel was studied beneath a solid NaCl deposit in water vapor containing air at 600 °C. The microstructure and composition of the corrosion products were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. Results indicated that both of P91 steel and Super304H steel suffered from disastrous corrosion with significant mass loss. Many cracks and voids were observed in the corrosion product scale, which led to spallation of corrosion products on a large scale. The corrosion product on the surface of P91 steel was mainly composed of Fe_2O_3. However, the corrosion products of Super304H steel contained(Fe, Cr, Ni)_3O_4 and NiO. The two steels suffered from serious corrosion may be ascribed to that the protective Cr_2O_3 oxide scale became not sustainable under the synergistic effect of solid NaCl with water vapor and oxygen at high temperature. Super304H steel with high Cr content suffered from more serious corrosion than that of P91 steel. Meanwhile, obvious intergranular corrosion of Super304 H occurred.
Corrosion behavior of P91 steel and Super304H steel was studied beneath a solid NaCl deposit in water vapor containing air at 600 °C. The microstructure and composition of the corrosion products were characterized by XRD, SEM and EDS. Results indicated that both of P91 steel and Super304H steel suffered from disastrous corrosion with significant mass loss. Many cracks and voids were observed in the corrosion product scale, which led to spallation of corrosion products on a large scale. The corrosion product on the surface of P91 steel was mainly composed of Fe_2O_3. However, the corrosion products of Super304H steel contained(Fe, Cr, Ni)_3O_4 and NiO. The two steels suffered from serious corrosion may be ascribed to that the protective Cr_2O_3 oxide scale became not sustainable under the synergistic effect of solid NaCl with water vapor and oxygen at high temperature. Super304H steel with high Cr content suffered from more serious corrosion than that of P91 steel. Meanwhile, obvious intergranular corrosion of Super304 H occurred.
引文
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[3]Miao X L,Liu G M,Yu F,et al.Hot corrosion behavior of TP310HCbN stainless steel for USC boiler[J].Surf.Technol.,2012,41(3):37(缪筱玲,刘光明,于斐等.超超临界锅炉用TP310HCbN不锈钢的热腐蚀行为研究[J].表面技术,2012,41(3):37)
[4]Liu G M,Liu K S,Mao X F,et al.Hot corrosion of T91 steel in molten mixture of KCl+Na2SO4+K2SO4[J].J.Chin.Soc.Corros.Prot.,2017,37(1):23(刘光明,刘康生,毛晓飞等.T91钢在KCl+Na2SO4+K2SO4熔融盐中的热腐蚀行为研究[J].中国腐蚀与防护学报,2017,37(1):23)
[5]Liu G M,Yu F,Tian J H,et al.Influence of pre-oxidation on the hot corrosion of M38G superalloy in the mixture of Na2SO4-NaCl melts[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2008,A496:40
[6]Mahobia G S,Paulose N,Singh V.Hot corrosion behavior of Super‐alloy IN718 at 550 and 650°C[J].J.Mater.Eng.Perform.,2013,22:2418
[7]Tang Y B,Liu L,Li Y,et al.The electrochemical corrosion mecha‐nisms of pure Cr with NaCl deposit in water vapor at 600°C[J].J.Electrochem.Soc.,2011,158:C237
[8]Wang F H,Shu Y H.Influence of Cr Content on the corrosion of FeCr alloys:The synergistic effect of NaCl and water vapor[J].Oxid.Met.,2003,59:201
[9]Xiong Y M,Zhu S L,Wang F H.Synergistic corrosion behavior of coated Ti60 alloys with NaCl deposit in moist air at elevated tem‐perature[J].Corros.Sci.,2008,50:15
[10]Zhang M M,Xin L,Ding X Y,et al.Effects Ti/TiAlN composite multilayer coatings on corrosion resistance of titanium alloy in sol‐id NaCl-H2O-O2at 600°C[J].J.Alloy.Compd.,2018,734:307
[11]Karlsson S,Pettersson J,Johansson L G,et al.Alkali induced high temperature corrosion of stainless steel:The influence of NaCl,KCl and CaCl2[J].Oxid.Met.,2012,78:83
[12]Pettersson J,Svensson J E,Johansson L G.KCl-induced corrosion of a 304-type austenitic stainless steel in O2and in O2+H2O envi‐ronment:The influence of temperature[J].Oxid.Met.,2009,72:159
[13]Chen L Y,Lan H,Huang C B,et al.Hot corrosion of Ni,Cr,and80Ni20Cr in the presence of NaCl and water vapor at 750°C[J].Mater.Corros.,2017,68:1172
[14]Ciszak C,Popa I,Brossard J M,et al.NaCl induced corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy at high temperature[J].Corros.Sci.,2016,110:91
[15]Kato Y,Hirano M,Ujiro T.Effects of alloying elements on NaClinduced hot corrosion resistance of stainless steels[J].Rev.Au‐tom.Eng.,2007,28(3):417(加藤康,平野正大,宇城工.合金元素对NaCl诱导不锈钢热腐蚀性能的影响[J].汽车工程综述,2007,28(3):417)
[16]Liu L,Li Y,Wang F H.Corrosion behavior of metals or alloys with a solid NaCl deposit in wet oxygen at medium temperature[J].Sci.China.Technol.Sci.,2012,55:369
[17]Fan L,Cao M,Yu Z F,et al.The corrosion behavior of Ti60 alloy under solid NaCl deposit in wet oxygen flow at 600°C[A].Pro‐ceedings of 2014 Marine Material Corrosion and Protection Con‐ference[C].Beijing,2014:78(范磊,曹敏,余钟芬等.盐和水蒸汽协同作用下Ti60中温腐蚀行为的研究[A].2014海洋材料腐蚀与防护大会论文集[C].北京,2014:78)
[18]Wang C J,He T T.Morphological development of subscale forma‐tion in Fe-Cr-(Ni)alloys with chloride and sulfates coating[J].Ox‐id.Met.,2002,58:415
[19]Jonsson T,Folkeson N,Halvarsson M,et al.Microstructural inves‐tigation of the HCl-induced corrosion of the austenitic alloy 310S(52Fe26Cr19Ni)at 500°C[J].Oxid.Met.,2014,81:575
[20]Israelsson N,Unocic K A,Hellstr?m K,et al.A microstructural and kinetic investigation of the KCl-induced corrosion of an Fe‐CrAl alloy at 600°C[J].Oxid.Met.,2015,84:105
[21]Li M S.High Temperature Corrosion of Metals[M].Beijing:Met‐allurgical Industry Press,2001:119(李美栓.金属的高温腐蚀[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001:119)