1987以来海南省清澜港红树林变化的遥感监测与分析
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摘要
以海南省清澜港红树林省级自然保护区的3个片区为研究区,采用地理信息系统的综合分析方法,研究1987年以来7个时期的红树林变化过程。以1987年、1993年、1998年、2003年、2007年、2013年和2017年7个时期的Landsat卫星遥感数据为数据源,采用支持向量机分类结合野外调查的方法,提取海南省清澜港红树林省级自然保护区及其1 km缓冲区范围内的红树林信息;分别计算3个片区红树林面积变化率和景观指数变化,建立质心迁移模型,分析海南省清澜港红树林省级自然保护区中红树林的时空变化特征。研究结果表明,2017年,3个片区的红树林总面积为1 190.5 hm~2;1987以来7个时期研究区红树林面积整体上在减少,减少速率在减慢;与1987年相比,2003年,有510 hm~2的红树林消失,红树林面积的年变化为31.9 hm~2/a,年变化率为-2.3%,红树林减少的主要原因是其被开发成养殖水域;2003～2017年期间,红树林面积有缓慢增加的趋势;3个片区的红树林都遭到挖塘养殖、砍伐和破坏,使其质心向不同方向移动;整体上,该保护区红树林的斑块数量在增加,斑块密度增大,分离度指数大幅增加,而聚集度指数不断减少,表明保护区内红树林斑块在破碎化,斑块连接度不断减小,人类活动对红树林的负面影响越来越严重。
Taking 3 regions inside Mangrove Forest Provincial Nature Reserve in Qinglan Harbor, Hainan Province and its 1 km buffer zone as study area, using the comprehensive methods of geographic information system, the data were interpreted from the remote sensing images of the years of 1987, 1993, 1998 2003,2007, 2013 and 2017 by support vector machine classifier, the changes of mangrove forests in the study area were studied and analyzed. The results showed that in 2017, the total area of the mangrove forests in the study area was 1 190.5 ha. From 1987 to 2017, the area of mangrove forests in the Reserve tend to decrease and the rate of decrease become slower. There were 510 ha mangrove forests lost from 1987 to 2003 which turned to aquaculture mainly during this period with its annual variation and annual variance ratio were 31.9 ha/yr and-2.3%. From 2003 to 2017, the area of the mangrove forests showed a slow rise tendency. The changes of centroids of the mangrove forests in 3 regions were different duo to cultivation, deforestation and destruction.The number, density and division of mangrove patches were increasing while the cohesion index was continuously decreasing, which indicated the patches of the mangrove forest were obviously fragmented as the connectivity decreased, and human activities had an increasingly negative impacts on the mangrove forests in the study area.
Taking 3 regions inside Mangrove Forest Provincial Nature Reserve in Qinglan Harbor, Hainan Province and its 1 km buffer zone as study area, using the comprehensive methods of geographic information system, the data were interpreted from the remote sensing images of the years of 1987, 1993, 1998 2003,2007, 2013 and 2017 by support vector machine classifier, the changes of mangrove forests in the study area were studied and analyzed. The results showed that in 2017, the total area of the mangrove forests in the study area was 1 190.5 ha. From 1987 to 2017, the area of mangrove forests in the Reserve tend to decrease and the rate of decrease become slower. There were 510 ha mangrove forests lost from 1987 to 2003 which turned to aquaculture mainly during this period with its annual variation and annual variance ratio were 31.9 ha/yr and-2.3%. From 2003 to 2017, the area of the mangrove forests showed a slow rise tendency. The changes of centroids of the mangrove forests in 3 regions were different duo to cultivation, deforestation and destruction.The number, density and division of mangrove patches were increasing while the cohesion index was continuously decreasing, which indicated the patches of the mangrove forest were obviously fragmented as the connectivity decreased, and human activities had an increasingly negative impacts on the mangrove forests in the study area.
引文
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[22]朱耀军,郭志华,郭菊兰,等.清澜港湾红树林景观变化过程及周边土地利用/覆盖动态[J].林业科学,2013,4949(5):169-175.
[23]郭菊兰,朱耀军,武高洁,等.海南省清澜港红树林湿地健康评价[J].林业科学,2015,5151(10):17-25.
[24]王瑁,高雪芹,丁弈朋,等.海南清澜港不同栖息位置红树林软体动物的食物来源[J].湿地科学,2015,1313(2):171-176.
[25]王文卿,王瑁.中国红树林[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[26]Cristianini N,Shawe-Taylor J.An Introduction to Support Vector Machines and Other Kernel based Learning Methods[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2000.
[27]Boser B E,Guyon I M,Vapnik V N.A Training Algorithm for Optimal Margin Classifier[J].Proceedings of Annual Acm Workshop on Computational Learning Theory,2008,55:144-152.
[28]姚云军,张泽勋,秦其明,等.基于支持向量机的遥感影像湿地信息提取研究[J].计算机应用研究,2008,2525(4):989-990.
[29]王振武,孙佳骏,于忠义,等.基于支持向量机的遥感图像分类研究综述[J].计算机科学,2016,4343(9):11-17.
[30]张策,臧淑英,金竺,等.基于支持向量机的扎龙湿地遥感分类研究[J].湿地科学,2011,99(3):263-269.
[31]Foody G M,Mathur A.A relative evaluation of multiclass image classification by support vector machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2004,4242(6):1335-1343.
[32]Lui DS,Iverson LR,Brown S.Rates and patterns of deforestation in the Philippines:application of geographic information system analysis[J].Forest Ecology and Management,1993,5757(1-4):1-16.
[33]Forest Resources Assessment and National Forestry Action Plans(NFAP),FAO.Forest Resources Assessment 1990(FRA),FAO:Global Synthesis Report[R].Forest Resources Assessment&National Forestry Action Plans FAO,1998.
[34]Puyravaud J P.Standardizing the calculation of the annual rate of deforestation[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2003,177(1):593-596.
[35]韩淑梅.海南东寨港红树木景观格局动态及其驱动力研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[36]邬建国.景观生态学--格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[37]Paling E I,Kobryn H T,Humphreys G.Assessing the extent of mangrove change caused by Cyclone Vance in the eastern Exmouth Gulf,northwestern Australia[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2008,7777(4):603-613.
[38]章恒.海南岛近30年红树林变化遥感监测及驱动力分析[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[39]胡志宇,徐艺裴.2014年台风活动对八门湾红树林影响的实地调查分析[J].福建质量管理,2017,(15):281.
[40]邱明红,王荣丽,丁冬静,等.台风“威马逊”对东寨港红树林灾害程度影响因子分析[J].生态科学,2016,3535(2):118-122.
[41]徐晓然,谢跟踪,邱彭华.1964-201年海南省八门湾红树林湿地及其周边土地景观动态分析[J].生态学报,2018,3838(20):7458-7468.
[2]张乔民,张叶春.华南红树林海岸生物地貌过程研究[J].第四纪研究,1997,1717(4):344-353.
[3]廖宝文,张乔民.中国红树林的分布、面积和树种组成[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(4):435-440.
[4]张世杰,许乃生,崔佳瑞,等.海南省红树林景观设计方法调查与研究[J].湿地科学,2018,1616(4):457-465.
[5]Glaser M.Interrelations between mangrove ecosystem,local economy and social sustainability in CaetéEstuary,North Brazil[J].Wetlands and Management,2003,111(4):265-272.
[6]Alongi D M.Mangrove forests:Resilience,protection from tsunamis,and responses to global climate change[J].Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science,2008,7676(1):1-13.
[7]Donato D C,Kauffman J B,Murdiyarso D,et al.Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in tropics[J].Nature Geoscience,2011,44(5):293-297.
[8]Blasco F,Aizpuru M,Gers C.Depletion of the mangroves of Continental Asia[J].Wetlands Ecology and Management,2001,99(3):255-266.
[9]Valiela I.Mangrove forests:One of the world's threatened major tropicalenvironments[J].BioScience,2001,5151(10):807-815.
[10]毛丽君.基于遥感的广东湛江红树林湿地动态变化研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2011.
[11]Rogers K,Boon P I,Branigan S,et al.The state of legislation and policy protecting Australia's mangrove and salt marsh and their ecosystem services[J].Marine Policy,2016,7272:139-155.
[12]李春干,代华兵.红树林空间分布信息遥感提取方法[J].湿地科学,2014,1212(5):580-589.
[13]章恒,王世新,周艺,等.多源遥感影像红树林信息提取方法比较[J].湿地科学,2015,1313(2):145-152.
[14]Giri C,Ochieng E,Tieszen L L,et al.Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data[J].Global Ecology&Biogeography,2011,2020(1):154-159.
[15]Long J,Napton D,Giri C,et al.A mapping and monitoring assessment of the Philippines’mangrove forests from 1990 to 2010[J].Journal of Coastal Research,2013,3030(2):260-271.
[16]李伟,崔丽娟,张曼胤,等.遥感技术在红树林湿地研究中的应用述评[J].林业调查规划,2008,3333(5):1-7.
[17]贾明明.1973~2013年中国红树林动态变化遥感分析[D].北京:中国科学院,2014.
[18]周梅,李春干,代华兵.红树林空间分布遥感监测精度的影响因素及应对措施[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2018,42(1):163-168.
[19]李超.浅谈文昌市清澜港红树梓湿地生态系统存在问题和发展对策[J].热带林业,2010,3838(4):4-6.
[20]廖宝文,郑德璋.海南岛清澜港红树林群落演替系列的物种多样性特征[J].生态科学,2000,1919(3):17-22.
[21]郑德璋,廖宝文.海南岛清澜港红树林垂直结构与演变动态规律[J].林业科学研究,1995,(2):152-158.
[22]朱耀军,郭志华,郭菊兰,等.清澜港湾红树林景观变化过程及周边土地利用/覆盖动态[J].林业科学,2013,4949(5):169-175.
[23]郭菊兰,朱耀军,武高洁,等.海南省清澜港红树林湿地健康评价[J].林业科学,2015,5151(10):17-25.
[24]王瑁,高雪芹,丁弈朋,等.海南清澜港不同栖息位置红树林软体动物的食物来源[J].湿地科学,2015,1313(2):171-176.
[25]王文卿,王瑁.中国红树林[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[26]Cristianini N,Shawe-Taylor J.An Introduction to Support Vector Machines and Other Kernel based Learning Methods[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,2000.
[27]Boser B E,Guyon I M,Vapnik V N.A Training Algorithm for Optimal Margin Classifier[J].Proceedings of Annual Acm Workshop on Computational Learning Theory,2008,55:144-152.
[28]姚云军,张泽勋,秦其明,等.基于支持向量机的遥感影像湿地信息提取研究[J].计算机应用研究,2008,2525(4):989-990.
[29]王振武,孙佳骏,于忠义,等.基于支持向量机的遥感图像分类研究综述[J].计算机科学,2016,4343(9):11-17.
[30]张策,臧淑英,金竺,等.基于支持向量机的扎龙湿地遥感分类研究[J].湿地科学,2011,99(3):263-269.
[31]Foody G M,Mathur A.A relative evaluation of multiclass image classification by support vector machines[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2004,4242(6):1335-1343.
[32]Lui DS,Iverson LR,Brown S.Rates and patterns of deforestation in the Philippines:application of geographic information system analysis[J].Forest Ecology and Management,1993,5757(1-4):1-16.
[33]Forest Resources Assessment and National Forestry Action Plans(NFAP),FAO.Forest Resources Assessment 1990(FRA),FAO:Global Synthesis Report[R].Forest Resources Assessment&National Forestry Action Plans FAO,1998.
[34]Puyravaud J P.Standardizing the calculation of the annual rate of deforestation[J].Forest Ecology&Management,2003,177(1):593-596.
[35]韩淑梅.海南东寨港红树木景观格局动态及其驱动力研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2012.
[36]邬建国.景观生态学--格局、过程、尺度与等级[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2007.
[37]Paling E I,Kobryn H T,Humphreys G.Assessing the extent of mangrove change caused by Cyclone Vance in the eastern Exmouth Gulf,northwestern Australia[J].Estuarine Coastal&Shelf Science,2008,7777(4):603-613.
[38]章恒.海南岛近30年红树林变化遥感监测及驱动力分析[D].北京:中国科学院大学,2015.
[39]胡志宇,徐艺裴.2014年台风活动对八门湾红树林影响的实地调查分析[J].福建质量管理,2017,(15):281.
[40]邱明红,王荣丽,丁冬静,等.台风“威马逊”对东寨港红树林灾害程度影响因子分析[J].生态科学,2016,3535(2):118-122.
[41]徐晓然,谢跟踪,邱彭华.1964-201年海南省八门湾红树林湿地及其周边土地景观动态分析[J].生态学报,2018,3838(20):7458-7468.