多肉植物康平寿叶插繁殖技术的优化
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摘要
【目的】优化多肉植物康平寿(Haworthia emelyae)叶插繁殖技术,为其叶插种苗繁殖和推广种植提供科学依据。【方法】测定不同土壤水含率(A)、植物激素(B)和扦插基质配比(C)处理康平寿的叶插存活率、出芽率、出芽数、生根率、生根数及总根长等指标,采用L_9(3~4)正交试验设计筛选适宜康平寿叶插繁殖的土壤水含率、植物激素和扦插基质配比最优水平组合。【结果】不同植物激素处理康平寿的叶插存活率差异不显著(P>0.05,下同),但在生根率、出芽率、出芽数、生根数间和总根长方面存在显著(P<0.05,下同)或极显著(P<0.01)差异;土壤水含率和扦插基质配比对各生根和出芽指标均无显著影响。出芽率、出芽数和总根长受各因素影响的主次顺序均为B>C>A,存活率和生根数受各因素影响的主次顺序均为A>B>C,生根率受各因素影响的主次顺序为B>A>C。存活率、出芽率和出芽数、生根率和生根数及总根长的最优水平组合分别为A_1B_2C_3、A_2B_1C_3、A_1B_1C_1和A_1B_1C_3。综合指数分析结果表明,各因素对综合指数影响效应的主次顺序为B>C>A,综合指数的最优水平组合为A_1B_1C_3。【结论】影响康平寿扦插繁殖效果的试验因素排序为植物激素>扦插基质配比>土壤水含率;0～10%土壤水含率、25.0 mg/L NAA和扦插基质配比2∶3∶0(腐叶土:蛭石:泥炭土)是康平寿叶插繁殖的最优水平组合。
【Objective】The leaf insertion and propagation technology of succulent plant Haworthia emelyae was optimized to provide scientific basis for the leaf-cutting seedlings propagation and promotion of the plant.【Method】Determination of H. emelyae leaf cutting survival rate,germination rate,germination number,rooting rate,number of roots and total root length treated by different soil water contents(A),different plant hormone(B)treatments,and different cutting matrix ratios(C)were conducted. L_9(3~4)orthogonal test design was used to analyze and screen the optimal level combinations of soil water content,plant hormone and cutting matrix for H. emelyae leaf cutting.【Result】There was no significant difference in the survival rate of H. emelyae leaf inserted in different plant hormone treatments(P>0.05,the same below),but there were significant difference(P<0.05,the same below)or extremely significant difference(P<0.01)in rooting rate,germination rate,germination number,number of roots,and total root length. Soil moisture content and cutting matrix had no significant effects on the rooting indexes and budding indexes. The germination rate,germination number and total root length were affected by the same experimental factors,the rank was B>C>A. The survival rate and number of roots were affected by the same experimental factors,the rank was A>B>C. The influence on the rooting rate affected by each experimental factor was B>A>C. The optimal level combinations of survival rate,germination rate and germination number,rooting rate and rooting number,and total root length were A_1B_2C_3,A_2B_1C_3,A_1B_1C_1,and A_1B_1C_3,respectively. Comprehensive indexes analysis indicated that,the influence of each factor on comprehensive indexes presented B>C>A,the optimal level combination of comprehensive index was A_1B_1C_3.【Conclusion】The experimental factors affecting the propagation effect of succulent plant H. emelyae cuttings are ranked as plant hormone>cutting matrix ratio>soil moisture content.The optimal level combination for H. emelyae leaf cutting is 0-10% of soil moisture content,25.0 mg/L NAA treatment and erishable soil∶vermiculite∶peat soil ratio 2∶3∶0.
【Objective】The leaf insertion and propagation technology of succulent plant Haworthia emelyae was optimized to provide scientific basis for the leaf-cutting seedlings propagation and promotion of the plant.【Method】Determination of H. emelyae leaf cutting survival rate,germination rate,germination number,rooting rate,number of roots and total root length treated by different soil water contents(A),different plant hormone(B)treatments,and different cutting matrix ratios(C)were conducted. L_9(3~4)orthogonal test design was used to analyze and screen the optimal level combinations of soil water content,plant hormone and cutting matrix for H. emelyae leaf cutting.【Result】There was no significant difference in the survival rate of H. emelyae leaf inserted in different plant hormone treatments(P>0.05,the same below),but there were significant difference(P<0.05,the same below)or extremely significant difference(P<0.01)in rooting rate,germination rate,germination number,number of roots,and total root length. Soil moisture content and cutting matrix had no significant effects on the rooting indexes and budding indexes. The germination rate,germination number and total root length were affected by the same experimental factors,the rank was B>C>A. The survival rate and number of roots were affected by the same experimental factors,the rank was A>B>C. The influence on the rooting rate affected by each experimental factor was B>A>C. The optimal level combinations of survival rate,germination rate and germination number,rooting rate and rooting number,and total root length were A_1B_2C_3,A_2B_1C_3,A_1B_1C_1,and A_1B_1C_3,respectively. Comprehensive indexes analysis indicated that,the influence of each factor on comprehensive indexes presented B>C>A,the optimal level combination of comprehensive index was A_1B_1C_3.【Conclusion】The experimental factors affecting the propagation effect of succulent plant H. emelyae cuttings are ranked as plant hormone>cutting matrix ratio>soil moisture content.The optimal level combination for H. emelyae leaf cutting is 0-10% of soil moisture content,25.0 mg/L NAA treatment and erishable soil∶vermiculite∶peat soil ratio 2∶3∶0.
引文
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金燕,陆锦明,卜顺法,顾春峰,汤桂钧.2018.多肉类十二卷属植物组织培养技术[J].上海农业科技,(1):62-63.[Jin Y,Lu J M,Bu S F,Gu C F,Tang G J.2018.Tissue culture technology of Haworthia of multimeat plants[J].Shanghai Agricultural Science and Technology,(1):62-63.]
李媛,侯可雷.2017.珍奇植物万象的组培快繁研究[J].中国园艺文摘,33(5):17-18.[Li Y,Hou K L.2017.Study on tissue culture and rapid propagation of precious and peculiar Haworthia maughanii[J].Chinese Horticultural Digest,33(5):17-18.]
梁惠敏,陈如波.2001.花卉的几种扦插繁殖方法[J].现代农村科技,(7):21.[Liang H M,Chen R B.2001.Several cutting propagation methods for flowers[J].Hebei Agricultual Science and Technology,(7):21.]
刘新生,郑少锋,崔百胜.2003.农业经济效益评价的综合指数法探讨[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),3(5):42-44.[Liu X S,Zheng S F,Cui B S.2003.Reflections on comprehensive index method of agricultural performance[J].Journal of Northwest A&F University(Social Science Edition),3(5):42-44.]
陆文佳.2016.浅谈多肉软叶十二的杂交繁殖[J].花卉,(6):34-35.[Lu W J.2016.Talk about the hybridization of fleshy soft leaf of Haworthia[J].Flowers,(6):34-35.]
宋晓涛,沈萌,左志宇,安晓云,尹晓爽,孙涛,杨雪,李德森.2007.十二卷属植物西山寿的组织培养与快速繁殖[J].植物生理学报,43(5):883-884.[Song X T,Shen M,Zuo Z Y,An X Y,Yin X S,Sun T,Yang X,Li D S.2007.Tissue culture and rapid propagation of Haworthia mutica var.nigra M.B.Bayer[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,43(5):883-884.]
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