北京市农村地区老年人抑郁及焦虑多元回归分析
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摘要
目的:了解导致北京市农村地区老年人焦虑和抑郁状态的影响因素。方法:基于北京市农村地区204名老年人的实地入户问卷调查数据,计算对应量表的得分(包括焦虑、抑郁、日常生活能力、夫妻依恋、社会支持),应用多元有序Logistic回归方法,分解老年人心理健康(抑郁、焦虑)的影响因素。结果:50%～60%的老年人的心理健康状况正常;其余老年人群体都有不同程度的焦虑和抑郁。月收入、经济来源、医保、慢性病、社会支持是老年人抑郁程度的主要影响因素;教育、日常生活能力、慢性病、社会支持是老年人焦虑程度的主要影响因素。结论:患慢性病数量、社会支持对抑郁和焦虑都具有显著影响;并且月收入是抑郁程度的最重要的影响因素,慢性病是焦虑程度的最重要的影响因素。
Objective:To understand the influencing factors of anxiety and depression of elderly people in rural areas of Beijing.Methods:Based on the field questionnaire survey data of 204 elderly people in rural areas of Beijing,this paper calculated the score of the corresponding scale(including anxiety,depression,daily life ability,marital attachment,social support),and applied the multivariate orderly logistic regression method to analyze the influencing factors of elderly people's mental health(depression,anxiety).Results:50%～60% of the elderly had normal mental health;The rest of the elderly had varying degrees of anxiety and depression.Monthly income,economic sources,medical insurance,chronic diseases and social support were the main influencing factors of depression degree of the elderly.Education,daily life ability,chronic disease and social support were the main influencing factors of anxiety degree of the elderly.Conclusion:The number of chronic diseases and social support has significant effects on depression and anxiety.In addition,monthly income is the most important influencing factor of depression,and chronic disease is the most important influencing factor of anxiety.
Objective:To understand the influencing factors of anxiety and depression of elderly people in rural areas of Beijing.Methods:Based on the field questionnaire survey data of 204 elderly people in rural areas of Beijing,this paper calculated the score of the corresponding scale(including anxiety,depression,daily life ability,marital attachment,social support),and applied the multivariate orderly logistic regression method to analyze the influencing factors of elderly people's mental health(depression,anxiety).Results:50%～60% of the elderly had normal mental health;The rest of the elderly had varying degrees of anxiety and depression.Monthly income,economic sources,medical insurance,chronic diseases and social support were the main influencing factors of depression degree of the elderly.Education,daily life ability,chronic disease and social support were the main influencing factors of anxiety degree of the elderly.Conclusion:The number of chronic diseases and social support has significant effects on depression and anxiety.In addition,monthly income is the most important influencing factor of depression,and chronic disease is the most important influencing factor of anxiety.
引文
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[2]刘自稳.健康,一个急需重视的课题[J].解放军健康,2004,18(2):8-9
[3]陈立新,陈功,郑晓瑛.北京城市丧偶老人抑郁症状及其影响因素分析[J].中国老年学杂志,2008,28(7):696-698
[4]吴文源.焦虑自评量表[J].中国行为医学科学,2001:124-125
[5]韩学青,冯锋,陈建,等.日常生活能力量表辅助诊断痴呆值的界定[J].中国组织工程研究,2005,9(37):13-15
[6]翟晓燕,李春花,魏红,等.老年人夫妻依恋问卷的编制[J].心理发展与教育,2010,26(3):197-204
[7]刘继文,李富业,连玉龙.社会支持评定量表的信度效度研究[J].新疆医科大学学报,2008,31(1):1-3
[8]汪向东,王西林,马弘,等.心理卫生评定量表手册[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:229-31
[9]Santini Z I,Fiori K L,Feeney J,et al.Social relationships,loneliness,and mental health among older men and women in Ireland:A prospective community-based study[J].Journal of Affective Disorders,2016,204:59-69
[10]Wang S,Wu Y,Ungvari G S,et al.Sleep duration and its association with demographics,lifestyle factors,poor mental health and chronic diseases in older Chinese adults[J].Psychiatry Research,2017,257:212-218
[11]Liu Y,Dijst M,Faber J,et al.Healthy urban living:Residential environment and health of older adults in Shanghai[J].Health&Place,2017,47:80-89
[12]Toma A,Hamer M,Shankar A.Associations between neighborhood perceptions and mental well-being among older adults[J].Health&Place,2015,34:46-53
[13]Tsai,Feng-Jen.The maintaining and improving effect of grandchild care provision on elders’mental health-Evidence from longitudinal study in Taiwan[J].Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,2016,64:59-65
[14]Ganz D K,Jacobs J M.The effect of humor on elder mental and physical health[J].Geriatric Nursing,2014,35(3):205-211
[15]Gao P,Li H.An analysis of factors influencing the self rated health of elderly Chinese people[J].Open Journal of Social Sciences,2015,3:15-20