施助的代价:助人行为的负面影响及其潜在机制
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摘要
助人行为是组织公民行为的一种典型类型,因其在组织中产生的积极作用而受到了理论界和实践界的广泛重视。不过,新近研究发现助人行为也可能对施助者产生负面影响。针对此问题,本文首先从助人行为的概念出发,澄清其负面影响产生的可能原因,继而厘清了助人行为对施助者带来的不同效果,并从施助者视角分析其负面影响的可能来源。基于资源保存理论、自我损耗理论、道德许可理论和工作-家庭资源模型,阐述助人行为对施助者负面影响的内在机制,并进一步从个体、团队和组织层面分析助人行为负面影响的边界条件。最后,提出未来的研究方向和建议。
Helping behavior is a typical type of organizational citizenship behavior, which has been widely valued by both researchers and employers because of its positive role in the organization. Recent studies have found that helping behavior may also have a negative impact on helpers. This paper first clarified the possible causes of its negative impact from the conceptualization of helping behavior, and then clarified the different effects of helping behavior on helpers. The sources of its negative impact from the actor's perspective were presented. Building on conservation of resources theory, self-depletion theory, moral licensing theory and work-family model, we explicated the underlying mechanisms that helping behavior exerts negative impact on helpers and proposed the boundary conditions at individual, team and organizational levels. Finally, implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.
Helping behavior is a typical type of organizational citizenship behavior, which has been widely valued by both researchers and employers because of its positive role in the organization. Recent studies have found that helping behavior may also have a negative impact on helpers. This paper first clarified the possible causes of its negative impact from the conceptualization of helping behavior, and then clarified the different effects of helping behavior on helpers. The sources of its negative impact from the actor's perspective were presented. Building on conservation of resources theory, self-depletion theory, moral licensing theory and work-family model, we explicated the underlying mechanisms that helping behavior exerts negative impact on helpers and proposed the boundary conditions at individual, team and organizational levels. Finally, implications and suggestions for future research were discussed.
引文
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