Assessment of rockburst hazard by quantifying the consequence with plastic strain work and released energy in numerical models
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摘要
Quantifying the rockburst consequence is of critical importance to reduce the hazards with preventative measures in underground mines and deep tunnels. Contours of energy components within a pillar model are plotted at different rockmass damage stages, and plastic strain work and released energy are proposed as indicators of rockmass damage consequence. One pillar model under different loading stiffness is simulated to assess indicators of pillar burst and the resulting damages. The results show the rockmass damage under soft loading stiffness has larger magnitude of plastic strain work and released energy than that which is under stiff loading stiffness, indicating the rockburst consequence can be quantified with plastic strain work and released energy in numerical models. With the quantified rockburst consequence,preventative measures can be taken to avoid severe hazards to mine safety.
Quantifying the rockburst consequence is of critical importance to reduce the hazards with preventative measures in underground mines and deep tunnels. Contours of energy components within a pillar model are plotted at different rockmass damage stages, and plastic strain work and released energy are proposed as indicators of rockmass damage consequence. One pillar model under different loading stiffness is simulated to assess indicators of pillar burst and the resulting damages. The results show the rockmass damage under soft loading stiffness has larger magnitude of plastic strain work and released energy than that which is under stiff loading stiffness, indicating the rockburst consequence can be quantified with plastic strain work and released energy in numerical models. With the quantified rockburst consequence,preventative measures can be taken to avoid severe hazards to mine safety.
Quantifying the rockburst consequence is of critical importance to reduce the hazards with preventative measures in underground mines and deep tunnels. Contours of energy components within a pillar model are plotted at different rockmass damage stages, and plastic strain work and released energy are proposed as indicators of rockmass damage consequence. One pillar model under different loading stiffness is simulated to assess indicators of pillar burst and the resulting damages. The results show the rockmass damage under soft loading stiffness has larger magnitude of plastic strain work and released energy than that which is under stiff loading stiffness, indicating the rockburst consequence can be quantified with plastic strain work and released energy in numerical models. With the quantified rockburst consequence,preventative measures can be taken to avoid severe hazards to mine safety.
引文
[1]Ortlepp W.RaSiM comes of age-a review of the contribution to the understanding and control of mine rockbursts.In:Symp rockburst seism mines.p.3-20.
[2]Mark C.Coal bursts that occur during development:a rock mechanics enigma.Int J Min Sci Technol 2018;28(1):35-42.
[3]Müller W.Numerical simulation of rock bursts.Min Sci Technol 1991;12(1):27-42.
[4]White B,Whyatt J.Role of fault slip on mechanisms of rock burst damage,Lucky Friday Mine,Idaho,USA.In:ARES 99 2nd South African Rock Eng Symp.p.169-78.
[5]White B,Williams T,Whyatt J.Mechanics of a large,strain-type rock burst and design for prevention.Min Tunn Innov Oppor 2002:1095-100.
[6]Whyatt TW,Blake JW.60 years of rockbursting in the Coeur D’Alene District of Northern Idaho,USA:lessons learned and remaining issues.In:Proceedings of the 109th annual exhibit and meeting.Englewood,CO:Society for Mining,Metallurgy&Exploration.p.10.
[7]Kias E,Ozbay U.Modeling unstable failure of coal pillars in underground mining using the discrete element method.47th US rock mech symp,2013.
[8]Khademian Z,Nakagawa M,Ozbay U.Modeling injection-induced seismicity through calculation of radiated seismic energy.Press J Nat Gas Sci Eng 2018;52(February):582-90.
[9]Sinha M,Walton G.Insight into hard rock pillar behavior from numerical simulation using a progressive S-shaped criterion.No.June,p.ARMAconference paper;2017.
[10]Constitutive Rice JR.Relations for fault slip and earthquake.Instabilities1983;121(3).
[11]Sainoki A,Mitri HS.Dynamic behaviour of mining-induced fault slip.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2014;66:19-29.
[12]He MC,Nie W,Zhao ZY,Guo W.Experimental investigation of bedding plane orientation on the rockburst behavior of sandstone.Rock Mech Rock Eng2012;45(3):311-26.
[13]Hazzard JF,Collins DS,Pettitt WS,Young RP.Simulation of unstable fault slip in granite using a bonded-particle model.Pure Appl Geophys 2002;159(1):221-45.
[14]Sainoki A,Mitri HS.Back analysis of fault-slip in burst prone environment.JAppl Geophys 2016;134:159-71.
[15]Whyatt TW,Blake JW.Lessons learned and remaining issues;2002.
[16]Gu R,Ozbay U.Distinct element analysis of unstable shear failure of rock discontinuities in underground mining conditions.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci2014;68:44-54.
[17]Linkov AM.Rockbursts and the instability of rock masses.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech 1996;33(7):727-32.
[18]Cook NGW.A note on rockbursts considered as a problem of stability.Publ J1965:437-46.
[19]Salamon MDG.Energy considerations in rock mechanics:fundamental results.J South African Inst Min Metall 1984;84(8):233-46.
[20]Itasca Consulting Group.UDEC 6.0.Energy Calculation.Mannual;2014.p.1-28.
[21]Kim BH,Larson MK.Evaluation of bumps-prone potential regarding the spatial characteristics of cleat in coal pillars under highly stressed ground conditions,vol.17-0370;2017.
[22]Shlyannikov V,Boychenko N,Fernández-Canteli A,Mu?iz-Calvente M.Elastic and plastic parts of strain energy density in critical distance determination.Eng Fract Mech 2015;147:100-18.
[23]Gale WJ.A review of energy associated with coal bursts.Int J Min Sci Technol2018:4-10.
[24]Beck DA,Brady BHG.Evaluation and application and controlling parameters for seismic events in hard-rock mines.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2002;39(5):633-42.
[25]Levkovitch V,Beck D,Reusch F.Numerical simulation of the released energy in strain-softening rock materials and its application in estimating seismic hazards in mines.Sydney,Australia:Beck Engineering.p.7.
[26]He M,Ren F,Liu D.Rockburst mechanism research and its control.Int J Min Sci Technol 2018;28(5):829-37.
[27]Urbancic TI,Trifu CI.Recent advances in seismic monitoring technology at Canadian mines.J Appl Geophys 2000;45(4):225-37.
[28]Cai M,Kaiser PK,Martin CD.Quantification of rock mass damage in underground excavations from microseismic event monitoring.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2001;38(8):1135-45.
[29]Zhao XG,Cai M.Influence of specimen height-to-width ratio on the strainburst characteristics of Tianhu granite under true-triaxial unloading conditions.Can Geotech J 2015;52(7):890-902.
[30]Manouchehrian A,Cai M.Simulation of unstable rock failure under unloading conditions.Can Geotech J 2015;13(June):1-13.
[31]Gu R,Ozbay U.Numerical investigation of unstable rock failure in underground mining condition.Comput Geotech 2015;63:171-82.
[2]Mark C.Coal bursts that occur during development:a rock mechanics enigma.Int J Min Sci Technol 2018;28(1):35-42.
[3]Müller W.Numerical simulation of rock bursts.Min Sci Technol 1991;12(1):27-42.
[4]White B,Whyatt J.Role of fault slip on mechanisms of rock burst damage,Lucky Friday Mine,Idaho,USA.In:ARES 99 2nd South African Rock Eng Symp.p.169-78.
[5]White B,Williams T,Whyatt J.Mechanics of a large,strain-type rock burst and design for prevention.Min Tunn Innov Oppor 2002:1095-100.
[6]Whyatt TW,Blake JW.60 years of rockbursting in the Coeur D’Alene District of Northern Idaho,USA:lessons learned and remaining issues.In:Proceedings of the 109th annual exhibit and meeting.Englewood,CO:Society for Mining,Metallurgy&Exploration.p.10.
[7]Kias E,Ozbay U.Modeling unstable failure of coal pillars in underground mining using the discrete element method.47th US rock mech symp,2013.
[8]Khademian Z,Nakagawa M,Ozbay U.Modeling injection-induced seismicity through calculation of radiated seismic energy.Press J Nat Gas Sci Eng 2018;52(February):582-90.
[9]Sinha M,Walton G.Insight into hard rock pillar behavior from numerical simulation using a progressive S-shaped criterion.No.June,p.ARMAconference paper;2017.
[10]Constitutive Rice JR.Relations for fault slip and earthquake.Instabilities1983;121(3).
[11]Sainoki A,Mitri HS.Dynamic behaviour of mining-induced fault slip.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2014;66:19-29.
[12]He MC,Nie W,Zhao ZY,Guo W.Experimental investigation of bedding plane orientation on the rockburst behavior of sandstone.Rock Mech Rock Eng2012;45(3):311-26.
[13]Hazzard JF,Collins DS,Pettitt WS,Young RP.Simulation of unstable fault slip in granite using a bonded-particle model.Pure Appl Geophys 2002;159(1):221-45.
[14]Sainoki A,Mitri HS.Back analysis of fault-slip in burst prone environment.JAppl Geophys 2016;134:159-71.
[15]Whyatt TW,Blake JW.Lessons learned and remaining issues;2002.
[16]Gu R,Ozbay U.Distinct element analysis of unstable shear failure of rock discontinuities in underground mining conditions.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci2014;68:44-54.
[17]Linkov AM.Rockbursts and the instability of rock masses.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech 1996;33(7):727-32.
[18]Cook NGW.A note on rockbursts considered as a problem of stability.Publ J1965:437-46.
[19]Salamon MDG.Energy considerations in rock mechanics:fundamental results.J South African Inst Min Metall 1984;84(8):233-46.
[20]Itasca Consulting Group.UDEC 6.0.Energy Calculation.Mannual;2014.p.1-28.
[21]Kim BH,Larson MK.Evaluation of bumps-prone potential regarding the spatial characteristics of cleat in coal pillars under highly stressed ground conditions,vol.17-0370;2017.
[22]Shlyannikov V,Boychenko N,Fernández-Canteli A,Mu?iz-Calvente M.Elastic and plastic parts of strain energy density in critical distance determination.Eng Fract Mech 2015;147:100-18.
[23]Gale WJ.A review of energy associated with coal bursts.Int J Min Sci Technol2018:4-10.
[24]Beck DA,Brady BHG.Evaluation and application and controlling parameters for seismic events in hard-rock mines.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2002;39(5):633-42.
[25]Levkovitch V,Beck D,Reusch F.Numerical simulation of the released energy in strain-softening rock materials and its application in estimating seismic hazards in mines.Sydney,Australia:Beck Engineering.p.7.
[26]He M,Ren F,Liu D.Rockburst mechanism research and its control.Int J Min Sci Technol 2018;28(5):829-37.
[27]Urbancic TI,Trifu CI.Recent advances in seismic monitoring technology at Canadian mines.J Appl Geophys 2000;45(4):225-37.
[28]Cai M,Kaiser PK,Martin CD.Quantification of rock mass damage in underground excavations from microseismic event monitoring.Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 2001;38(8):1135-45.
[29]Zhao XG,Cai M.Influence of specimen height-to-width ratio on the strainburst characteristics of Tianhu granite under true-triaxial unloading conditions.Can Geotech J 2015;52(7):890-902.
[30]Manouchehrian A,Cai M.Simulation of unstable rock failure under unloading conditions.Can Geotech J 2015;13(June):1-13.
[31]Gu R,Ozbay U.Numerical investigation of unstable rock failure in underground mining condition.Comput Geotech 2015;63:171-82.