美国城市公立中小学董事会的管理政策
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摘要
在坚持以"学生为本"的理念下,作为政策制定者,美国城市公立中小学董事会在运行中推出八大管理策略:明确董事会的职责与准则、关注学生的学术成绩、注重董事会文化和成员素养、团队合作和培训、保证学术卓越、积极解决冲突、重视校内外的交流、组建董事会联盟。董事会管理的特色在于追求管理效率、维护伙伴关系、注重董事会成员的核心素养。
Based on the student-oriented ideal,American public city school boards propose eight management policies:clarifying the responsibilities and principles of school boards,caring students' acedemic achievement,paying attention to school board culture,professional approach, cooperation,training,guaranteei ng academic excellence,settling conflicts, communicating inside and outside school,establishing school board union.The characteristics of school board are efficiency,partnership and professional approach.
Based on the student-oriented ideal,American public city school boards propose eight management policies:clarifying the responsibilities and principles of school boards,caring students' acedemic achievement,paying attention to school board culture,professional approach, cooperation,training,guaranteei ng academic excellence,settling conflicts, communicating inside and outside school,establishing school board union.The characteristics of school board are efficiency,partnership and professional approach.
引文
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[15]National Commission on Excellence in Education.A nation at risk[EB/OL].http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/Nat At Risk/index.html.2016-09-10.
[16][18]S.Canal.California School Boards[D].University of Southern California,2013:35.18.
[22][23]The Council of the Great City Schools.Annual Report 2014-2015[EB/OL].http://www.cgcs.org/cms/lib/DC00001581/Centricity/Domain/16/Annual%20Report%20final-website.pdf.2016-07-14.
[2]D.Hornbeck.Human capital and America’sfuture.Baltimore,MD:Johns Hopkins University Press.1991:1-28.
[3]E.Smoley.Effective school boards.San Francisco:Jossey-Bass.1999:4-5.
[4][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][17][19][20]R.Williams.Practicesof Board Presidents and Superintendents in Academically High-achievingTexasUrba n School Districts,The University of Texas at Austin.2008:180-182.205-207.207-209.207-209.192-196.192-196.196-199.196-201.175-177.199-201.201-203.
[5][6][14][21]The Council of the Great City Schools.Urban School Board Survey,Urban Indicator,Fall 2009:6.9.3-4.11.
[15]National Commission on Excellence in Education.A nation at risk[EB/OL].http://www2.ed.gov/pubs/Nat At Risk/index.html.2016-09-10.
[16][18]S.Canal.California School Boards[D].University of Southern California,2013:35.18.
[22][23]The Council of the Great City Schools.Annual Report 2014-2015[EB/OL].http://www.cgcs.org/cms/lib/DC00001581/Centricity/Domain/16/Annual%20Report%20final-website.pdf.2016-07-14.