基于行为及气味对中缅树鼩亲缘识别的研究
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摘要
动物生态学研究的前提和重要内容之一是行为的辨别和分类,动物社会行为发生的首要条件是对气味信号的辨识。亲缘识别是个体产生用于识别的线索从而进行识别的过程。实验基于行为及气味对中缅树鼩的亲缘识别进行了研究,结果表明亲属与非亲属中缅树鼩的活动、休息、取食、修饰行为表现出昼夜节律性,且活动、休息、修饰行为均呈双峰型;亲属中缅树鼩的取食行为呈双峰型,而非亲属中缅树鼩呈单峰型。中缅树鼩更显著偏向于选择与其具有亲属关系动物的尿液、个体及暗盒气味。以上结果表明亲属和非亲属中缅树鼩的行为模式存在差异。此外,尿液等气味因素会对中缅树鼩的亲缘识别产生影响。
The identification and classification of behavior is one of the premises and important contents of animal ecological researches. The most important condition for animal social behavior is identification of odor signals. Kinship is the process which individuals produce clues for identification. Kin recognition of Tupaia belangeri based on behavior and odor was measured in the present study.The results showed that circadian rhythm was observed in activating,resting,feeding and grooming behavior between kin and non-kin in Tupaia belangeri,which had bimodal type in activating,resting,and grooming behavior. It showed bimodal type in feeding behavior of kin Tupaia belangeri,but unimodal type in the non-kin T. belangeri. The selection of the urine,individual and cassette odors in T.belangeri was found significantly to their relatives compared with non-kin T. belangeri. All of the results showed that there had significant differences in the behavior patterns between kin and non-kin T. belangeri. Moreover,odor factors may have an impact in the kin recognition of tree shrews,such as urine and others.
The identification and classification of behavior is one of the premises and important contents of animal ecological researches. The most important condition for animal social behavior is identification of odor signals. Kinship is the process which individuals produce clues for identification. Kin recognition of Tupaia belangeri based on behavior and odor was measured in the present study.The results showed that circadian rhythm was observed in activating,resting,feeding and grooming behavior between kin and non-kin in Tupaia belangeri,which had bimodal type in activating,resting,and grooming behavior. It showed bimodal type in feeding behavior of kin Tupaia belangeri,but unimodal type in the non-kin T. belangeri. The selection of the urine,individual and cassette odors in T.belangeri was found significantly to their relatives compared with non-kin T. belangeri. All of the results showed that there had significant differences in the behavior patterns between kin and non-kin T. belangeri. Moreover,odor factors may have an impact in the kin recognition of tree shrews,such as urine and others.
引文
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[2]CHEN Y,SU Q Q,LIU Q S. Effects of quinestrol on the vocal behavior of mice during courtship interactions[J]. Physiology and Behavior,2017,173:216-222.
[3]GAO W Y,HU Z L,XU Y,et al. Role of early environmental enrichment on the social dominance tube test at adulthood in the rat[J]. Psychopharmacology,2017,234(22):3321-3334.
[4]HAMPSON M C,SCHWITZER C. Effects of hand-rearing on reproductive success in captive large cats Panthera tigris altaica,Uncia uncia,Acinonyx jubatus and Neofelis nebulosa[J]. PLo S One,2016,11(5):e0155992.
[5]WANG B,ZHANG S W,YU C J,et al. The effects of olfactory and sound signals from dams during prior brief isolation on levels of paternal behaviours in mandarin voles[J]. Behaviour,2016,153(2):209-226.
[6]DU S Y,CAO Y F,NIE X H,et al. The synergistic effect of density stress during the maternal period and adulthood on immune traits of root vole(Microtus oeconomus)individuals-a field experiment[J]. Oecologia,2015,181(2):335-346.
[7]MATEO J M. Perspectives:Hamilton's legacy:mechanisms of kin recognition in humans[J]. Ethology,2015,121(5):419-427.
[8]HENKEL S,LAMBIDES A R,BERGER A,et al. Rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta)recognize group membership via olfactory cues alone[J]. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology,2015,69(12):2019-2034.
[9]PITCHER B J,HARCOURT R G,SCHAAL B,et al. Social olfaction in marine mammals:wild female Australian sea lions can identify their pup's scent[J]. Biology Letters,2011,7(1):60-62.
[10]MURPHY G P,SWANTON C J,VAN ACKER R C,et al. Kin recognition,multilevel selection and altruism in crop sustainability[J].Journal of Ecology,2017,105(4):930-934.
[11]KAWAMICHI T,KAWAMICHI M. Social system and inpendence of offspring in tree shrews[J]. Primates,1982,23(2):189-205.
[12]王应祥,李崇云,马世来.树鼩的分类与生态.树鼩生物学[M].昆明:云南科学技术出版社,1991:91-96.
[13]HARNASATO E K,LOVELOCK D,PALERMO-NETO J,et al. Assessment of social behavior directed toward sick partners and its relation to central cytokine expression in rats[J]. Physiology and Behavior,2017,182:128-136.
[14]CHOE I H,BYUN J,KIM K K,et al. Mice in social conflict show rule-observance behavior enhancing long-term benefit[J]. Nature Communications,2017,8:1176.
[15]MICEVYCH P E,MERMELSTEIN P G,SINCHAK K. Estradiol membrane-initiated signaling in the brain mediates reproduction[J].Trends in Neurosciences,2017,40(11):654-666.
[16]GAO W Y,HU Z L,XU Y,et al. Role of early environmental enrichment on the social dominance tube test at adulthood in the rat[J].Psychopharmacology,2017,234(22):3321-3334.
[17]ZHU W L,YE F Y,WANG Z K. Study of chemical communication based on urine in tree shrews(Tupaia belangeri)[J]. European Zoological Journal,2017,84(1):512-524.
[18]WIDDIG A,NRNBERG P,KRAWCZAK M,et al. Affiliation and aggression among adult female rhesus macaques:a genetic analysis of paternal cohorts[J]. Behaviour,2002,139(2/3):371-391.
[19]PERRY S,MANSON J H,MUNIZ L,et al. Kin-biased social behaviour in wild adult female white-faced capuchins,Cebus capucinus[J].Animal Behaviour,2008,76(1):187-199.
[20]BLUMSTEIN D T,FUONG H,PALMER E. Social security:social relationship strength and connectedness influence how marmots respond to alarm calls[J]. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology,2017,71:145.
[21]SURBECK M,MUNDRY R,HOHMANN G. Mothers matter! Maternal support,dominance status and mating success in male bonabos(Pan paniscns)[J]. Proceedings of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2011,278(1705):590-598.
[22]REEVES S L,FLEMING K E,ZHANG L,et al. M-Track:a new software for automated detection of grooming trajectories in mice[J].PLo S Computational Biology,2016,12(9):e1005115.
[23]ACHIRAMAN S,ARCHUNAN G,SANKAR G D,et al. Biochemical analysis of female mice urine with reference to endocrine function:a key tool for estrus detection[J]. Zoological Science,2011,28(8):600-605.
[24]CHAVAN B B,KALARIYA P D,TIWARI S,et al. Identification and characterization of vilazodone metabolites in rats and microsomes by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-offlight tandem mass spectrometry[J]. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry,2017,31(23):1974-1984.
[25]LECLAIRE S,JACOB S,GREENE L K,et al. Social odours covary with bacterial community in the anal secretions of wild meerkats[J].Scientific Reports,2017,7:3240.
[26]VAGLIO S,MINICOZZI P,ROMOLI R,et al. Sternal gland scentmarking signals sex,age,rank,and group identity in captive mandrills[J]. Chemical Senses,2016,41(2):177-186.
[27]COSTELLO A K,GREINER E A,MEIKLE D B. Investigation of female housemice(Mus musculus domesticus)by males in relation to the presence and absence of anogenital odors from dominant or subordinate males[J]. Ethology Ecology and Evolution,2015,27(4):345-356.