稳定与非稳定状态下负重与肌肉活性关系模型的构建与实证
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摘要
目的:探讨人体负重与肌肉活性之间的关系。方法:运用肌电测试法对30名受试者在稳定与非稳定状态下不同负重的深蹲相关肌肉做肌电测试实验。结果:①不同状态下负重与肌肉活性均表现为显著的正相关关系(稳定r=0.700,P<0.000;非稳定r=0.821,P<0.000;整体r=0.773,P<0.000)。②稳定与非稳定状态对人体肌肉活性的刺激存在差异,但这种差异会随着负重的提升而发生变化。③各线性模型(调整R~2=0.864～0.914)与非线性模型(调整R~2=0.876～0.931)均拟合较好。结论:人体在稳定与非稳定状态下负重与肌肉活性的关系更符合一种S型曲线关系模型,其关系既受"特征形式"的影响,也受"生物学"因素的干扰,并存在"主导因素"的转化。实证发现,S型曲线模型能够较好地弥补线性模型的高估现象。
To investigate the relationship between load and muscle activity.Methods:The study designed an EMG test,i.e.,30 subjects were tested in deep squat with different loads under both stable(ground) and unsteady(balance Plate) states.Results:(1) Load and muscle activity under different states were showed significantly positive correlation(steady state:r=0.700,P<0.000;unsteady state:r=0.821,P<0.000;whole state:r=0.773,P<0.000).(2) A certain difference exists in the stimulus degree of the body muscle activity under stable and unstable states,but varies with the increase of load.(3) The linear model(adjusted R~2=0.864～0.914) and the nonlinear model(adjusted R~2=0.876～0.931) were both fitted well.Conclusion:The relationship between load and muscle activity in both stable and unstable states may be in line with an "S" curve relationship model,and this model is affected by both the "characteristic forms" and the "biological" factors,and there is also the dominant factor transformation.The empirical study indicates that the "S" curve model can better compensate for the overestimation of the linear model.
To investigate the relationship between load and muscle activity.Methods:The study designed an EMG test,i.e.,30 subjects were tested in deep squat with different loads under both stable(ground) and unsteady(balance Plate) states.Results:(1) Load and muscle activity under different states were showed significantly positive correlation(steady state:r=0.700,P<0.000;unsteady state:r=0.821,P<0.000;whole state:r=0.773,P<0.000).(2) A certain difference exists in the stimulus degree of the body muscle activity under stable and unstable states,but varies with the increase of load.(3) The linear model(adjusted R~2=0.864～0.914) and the nonlinear model(adjusted R~2=0.876～0.931) were both fitted well.Conclusion:The relationship between load and muscle activity in both stable and unstable states may be in line with an "S" curve relationship model,and this model is affected by both the "characteristic forms" and the "biological" factors,and there is also the dominant factor transformation.The empirical study indicates that the "S" curve model can better compensate for the overestimation of the linear model.
引文
[1] 洪扬,刘瑞东,陈小平.基于肌电均方根和包络线的稳定与多级非稳定条件下徒手与负重深蹲的肌电特征研究[J].体育科学,2016,36(3):67-73
[2] 黎涌明,曹春梅,陈小平.非稳定支撑面上自由负重练习的肌电分析[J].体育科学,2012,32(6):39-43
[3] WILLARDSON J,FONTANA F,BRESSEL E.Effect of surface stability on core muscle activity for dynamic resistance exercises[J] International Journal of Sports Physiology Performance,2009,4(1):97-109
[4] LIPPOLD OCJ.The relation between integrated action Potentials in a human muscle and its isometric tension[J].The Journal of Physiology,1952,117(4):492-499.
[5] KOMI P V.Measurement of the force-velocity relationship in human muscle under concentric and eccentric contractions[J].Biomechanics III,1973(8):224-229
[6] VREDENBREGT J,RAU G.Surface electromyography in relation to force,muscle length and endurance[J].New Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology,1973,1:607-622
[7] MCCAW S T,MELROSE D R.Stance width and bar load effects on leg muscle activity during the parallel squat[J].Medecine and Science Sports and Exercise,1999,31(3):428-436
[8] 万德光.现代力量训练[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003:35-36
[9] 美国DK出版公司.肌力训练圣经[M].北京:北京美术摄影出版社,2014:70-71
[10] KASMAN G S,WOLF S L.Surface EMG made easy:A beginner’s guide for rehabilitation clinicians[M].Arizona:Inc Scottsdale,2002:1-13
[11] 王健.sEMG信号分析及其应用研究进展[J].体育科学,2000,2(4):56-60
[12] GOWLAND C,DEBRUIN H,BASMAJIAN J V,et al.Agonist and antagonist activity during voluntary upper-limb movement in patients with stroke[J].Physical Therapy,1992,72(9):624-633
[13] YAVUZ H,AMCA A,ARITAN S.Kinematic and EMG activities during front and back squat variations in maximum loads[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,2015,33(10):1058-1066
[14] SOUZA L,FONSECA D,CABRAL H,et al.Is myoelectric activity distributed equally within the rectus femoris muscle during loaded,squat exercises?[J].Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,2017,33(C):10-19
[15] 刘瑞东,洪扬,陈小平.稳定与多级非稳定条件下徒手与负重深蹲的肌电特征研究及其对当前力量训练的启示[J].体育科学,2015,35(8):45-51
[16] VERA-GARCIA F J,GRENIER S G,MCGILL S M.Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces[J].Physical Therapy,2000,80(6):564-569
[17] ANDERSEN V,FIMLAND M S,BRENNSET O,et al.Muscle activation and strength in squat and Bulgarian squat on stable and unstable surface[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,2014,35(14):1196-1202
[18] BECKER M,PORZELT B,KANG S,et al.Muscle activation during squat and push-up exercise on stable and unstable surfaces:1699 board #352 June 2,9:00 AM - 10:30 AM[J].Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,2016,48(5):474
[19] 袁雷,董德朋.稳定与非稳定条件下不同负重对人体肌群表面肌电RMS的影响[J].中国体育科技,2017,53(2):33-42
[20] 董德朋,袁雷,赵扬,等.人体自由负重深蹲在稳定与非稳定条件下肌肉iEMG比较研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2017,32(2):162-168
[21] CHAFFIN D B,LEE M,FREIVALD A.Muscle strength assessment from EMG analysis[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,1980,12(3):205-211
[22] PETROFSKY J.Computer analysis of the surface EMG during isometric exercise[J].Computers in Biology and Medicine,1980,10(2):83-95
[23] 苏振芳.创新思维方法论[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013:312
[24] YAVUZ H,ERDAG D.Kinematic and electromyographic activity changes during back squat with submaximal and maximal loading[J].Applied Bionics and Biomechanics,2017(5):1-8
[25] WAHL M J,BEHM D G.Not all instability training devices enhance muscle activation in highly resistance-trained individuals[J].Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,2008,22(4):1360-1370
[26] 高强,尹吟青.表面肌电图自动分析的应用[J].中国运动医学杂志,1985,4(2):95-102
[27] 崔党群.Logistic曲线方程的解析与拟合优度测验[J].数理统计与管理,2005,24(1):112-115
[2] 黎涌明,曹春梅,陈小平.非稳定支撑面上自由负重练习的肌电分析[J].体育科学,2012,32(6):39-43
[3] WILLARDSON J,FONTANA F,BRESSEL E.Effect of surface stability on core muscle activity for dynamic resistance exercises[J] International Journal of Sports Physiology Performance,2009,4(1):97-109
[4] LIPPOLD OCJ.The relation between integrated action Potentials in a human muscle and its isometric tension[J].The Journal of Physiology,1952,117(4):492-499.
[5] KOMI P V.Measurement of the force-velocity relationship in human muscle under concentric and eccentric contractions[J].Biomechanics III,1973(8):224-229
[6] VREDENBREGT J,RAU G.Surface electromyography in relation to force,muscle length and endurance[J].New Developments in Electromyography and Clinical Neurophysiology,1973,1:607-622
[7] MCCAW S T,MELROSE D R.Stance width and bar load effects on leg muscle activity during the parallel squat[J].Medecine and Science Sports and Exercise,1999,31(3):428-436
[8] 万德光.现代力量训练[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2003:35-36
[9] 美国DK出版公司.肌力训练圣经[M].北京:北京美术摄影出版社,2014:70-71
[10] KASMAN G S,WOLF S L.Surface EMG made easy:A beginner’s guide for rehabilitation clinicians[M].Arizona:Inc Scottsdale,2002:1-13
[11] 王健.sEMG信号分析及其应用研究进展[J].体育科学,2000,2(4):56-60
[12] GOWLAND C,DEBRUIN H,BASMAJIAN J V,et al.Agonist and antagonist activity during voluntary upper-limb movement in patients with stroke[J].Physical Therapy,1992,72(9):624-633
[13] YAVUZ H,AMCA A,ARITAN S.Kinematic and EMG activities during front and back squat variations in maximum loads[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,2015,33(10):1058-1066
[14] SOUZA L,FONSECA D,CABRAL H,et al.Is myoelectric activity distributed equally within the rectus femoris muscle during loaded,squat exercises?[J].Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,2017,33(C):10-19
[15] 刘瑞东,洪扬,陈小平.稳定与多级非稳定条件下徒手与负重深蹲的肌电特征研究及其对当前力量训练的启示[J].体育科学,2015,35(8):45-51
[16] VERA-GARCIA F J,GRENIER S G,MCGILL S M.Abdominal muscle response during curl-ups on both stable and labile surfaces[J].Physical Therapy,2000,80(6):564-569
[17] ANDERSEN V,FIMLAND M S,BRENNSET O,et al.Muscle activation and strength in squat and Bulgarian squat on stable and unstable surface[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,2014,35(14):1196-1202
[18] BECKER M,PORZELT B,KANG S,et al.Muscle activation during squat and push-up exercise on stable and unstable surfaces:1699 board #352 June 2,9:00 AM - 10:30 AM[J].Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise,2016,48(5):474
[19] 袁雷,董德朋.稳定与非稳定条件下不同负重对人体肌群表面肌电RMS的影响[J].中国体育科技,2017,53(2):33-42
[20] 董德朋,袁雷,赵扬,等.人体自由负重深蹲在稳定与非稳定条件下肌肉iEMG比较研究[J].天津体育学院学报,2017,32(2):162-168
[21] CHAFFIN D B,LEE M,FREIVALD A.Muscle strength assessment from EMG analysis[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,1980,12(3):205-211
[22] PETROFSKY J.Computer analysis of the surface EMG during isometric exercise[J].Computers in Biology and Medicine,1980,10(2):83-95
[23] 苏振芳.创新思维方法论[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2013:312
[24] YAVUZ H,ERDAG D.Kinematic and electromyographic activity changes during back squat with submaximal and maximal loading[J].Applied Bionics and Biomechanics,2017(5):1-8
[25] WAHL M J,BEHM D G.Not all instability training devices enhance muscle activation in highly resistance-trained individuals[J].Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research,2008,22(4):1360-1370
[26] 高强,尹吟青.表面肌电图自动分析的应用[J].中国运动医学杂志,1985,4(2):95-102
[27] 崔党群.Logistic曲线方程的解析与拟合优度测验[J].数理统计与管理,2005,24(1):112-115