S135钻杆钢预腐蚀后的弯曲疲劳性能
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摘要
目的考察有机盐钻井液对S135钻杆材料腐蚀及疲劳性能的影响。方法首先利用高温高压釜模拟有机盐钻井液井筒的工况环境,对疲劳试样进行预腐蚀,通过点蚀仪测定试样表面的腐蚀状况;然后利用旋转弯曲疲劳试验机在不同弯曲应力条件下对预腐蚀试样和未腐蚀试样的疲劳性能进行测试,算得不同存活率下的疲劳强度,并绘制不同存活率下的S-N曲线。用体视显微镜和扫描电镜观察预腐蚀试样和未腐蚀试样的疲劳断口形貌,进而得出S135钻杆材料表面腐蚀对其疲劳寿命的影响程度和影响机制。结果经过腐蚀的试样表面有较多腐蚀坑,腐蚀坑深度在0.4~0.7 mm之间。未腐蚀试样的疲劳强度为553 MPa,其疲劳断口只观察到单个疲劳裂纹源;腐蚀试样的疲劳强度为409 MPa,其疲劳断口观察到多个疲劳裂纹源。S135钻杆材料腐蚀疲劳开裂敏感性指数为26%。结论经过高温高压有机盐钻井液环境腐蚀后,试样表面点蚀严重,腐蚀坑底部存在应力集中并导致裂纹源的形成,多个裂纹源的同时生长加快了裂纹的扩展,最终降低S135钻杆钢的疲劳强度。
Objective To study the impact of organic salt drilling fluid on corrosion and fatigue properties of S135 drill pipe.Methods The organic salt drilling fluid corrosive condition was simulated by using autoclave and the fatigue samples were pre-corroded. The corrosion status of sample surface was measured by pitting instrument. The fatigue test with pre-corrosion samples and normal samples was conducted by using PQ-6 bending fatigue test machine under different stress conditions. The fatigue strength under different reliability was calculated and the S-N curves were drawn. The fatigue fracture morphologies of corroded and normal samples were observed by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy( SEM). Then the influence of surface corrosion of S135 drill pipe material on its fatigue life as well as the influencing mechanism was obtained. Results The surface of the corroded sample had many pits and the depth of corrosion pits was in range of 0. 4 ~ 0. 7 mm. The fatigue strength of normal samples was553 MPa,and the fatigue fracture surface had a single crack source,while the fatigue strength of pre-corroded samples was 409 MPa,and the fatigue fracture surface had several crack sources. The fatigue corrosion cracking sensitivity index of S135 drill pipe material was 26%. Conclusion The sample surface was pitted seriously after corrosion in high-temperature and pressure environment of organic salt drilling fluid. The existence of stress concentration at the bottom of corrosion pits led to formation of crack sources,and the simultaneous growth of multiple crack sources accelerated crack propagation and finally reduced the fatigue strength of S135 drill pipe steel.
Objective To study the impact of organic salt drilling fluid on corrosion and fatigue properties of S135 drill pipe.Methods The organic salt drilling fluid corrosive condition was simulated by using autoclave and the fatigue samples were pre-corroded. The corrosion status of sample surface was measured by pitting instrument. The fatigue test with pre-corrosion samples and normal samples was conducted by using PQ-6 bending fatigue test machine under different stress conditions. The fatigue strength under different reliability was calculated and the S-N curves were drawn. The fatigue fracture morphologies of corroded and normal samples were observed by stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscopy( SEM). Then the influence of surface corrosion of S135 drill pipe material on its fatigue life as well as the influencing mechanism was obtained. Results The surface of the corroded sample had many pits and the depth of corrosion pits was in range of 0. 4 ~ 0. 7 mm. The fatigue strength of normal samples was553 MPa,and the fatigue fracture surface had a single crack source,while the fatigue strength of pre-corroded samples was 409 MPa,and the fatigue fracture surface had several crack sources. The fatigue corrosion cracking sensitivity index of S135 drill pipe material was 26%. Conclusion The sample surface was pitted seriously after corrosion in high-temperature and pressure environment of organic salt drilling fluid. The existence of stress concentration at the bottom of corrosion pits led to formation of crack sources,and the simultaneous growth of multiple crack sources accelerated crack propagation and finally reduced the fatigue strength of S135 drill pipe steel.
引文
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[17]DOWELL A J.Metal Structure and Composition Effects in the Alkaline Etching of Aluminium[J].Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing,1987,65(4):147—151.
[18]卢燕平,方百友,金艳明.6063铝型材表面点腐蚀缺陷分析[J].表面技术,1999,28(4):5—7.LU Y P,FANG B Y,JIN Y M.6063 Aluminum Surface Pitting Defect Analysis[J].Surface Technology,1999,28(4):5—7.
[19]黄淑菊.金属腐蚀与防护[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996:87—89.HUANG S J.Metal Corrosion and Protection[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,1996:87—89.
[2]ZENG D Z,TIAN G,HU J Y,et al.Effect of Immersion Time on the Mechanical Properties of S135 Drill Pipe Immersed in H2S Solution[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2014,23(11):4072—4081.
[3]MILLER,O'DONNELL.The Fatigue Limit and Its Elimination[J].Fatigue&Fracture of Engineering Materials&Structures,1999,22(7):545—557.
[4]LEONOV G A,KUZNETSOV N V,KISELEVA M A,et al.Hidden Oscillations in Mathematical Model of Drilling System Actuated by Induction Motor with a Wound Rotor[J].Nonlinear Dynamics,2014,77(1/2):277—288.
[5]LIN Y,QI X,ZHU D,et al.Failure Analysis and Appropriate Design of Drill Pipe Upset Transition Area[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2013,31:255—267.
[6]高德利.油气钻井技术展望[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2003,27(1):29—32.GAO D L.Prospects for Oil&Gas Drilling Technology[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Natural Science Edition,2003,27(1):29—32.
[7]ZENG D,TIAN G,LIU F,et al.Fatigue Strength Prediction of Drilling Materials Based on the Maximum Non-metallic Inclusion Size[J].Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2015,24(2):4664—4672.
[8]KORIN I,IPIA J P.Controlled Residual Stresses Introduction to Improve Fatigue Resistance of Rotary Shouldered Connections Used in Oil Drilling Industry[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2010,87(12):696—703.
[9]胡以宝,狄勤丰,姚建林,等.超深井钻柱的动力学特性分析[C]//中国力学学会学术大会2009论文摘要集.郑州:[出版者不详],2009.HU Y B,DI Q F,YAO J L,et al.Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of Ultra Deep Well Drilling String[C]//2009Abstracts of Academic Papers of the Chinese Society of Mechanics.Zhengzhou:[s.n.],2009.
[10]LIU W,LIU Y,CHEN W,et al.Longitudinal Crack Failure Analysis of Box of S135 Tool Joint in Ultra-deep Well[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2015,48:283—296.
[11]崔璐,李臻,王建才,等.油井管的腐蚀疲劳研究进展[J].石油机械,2015,43(1):78—83.CUI L,LI Z,WANG J C,et al.Corrosion Fatigue of Oil Well Tubing Research Progress[J].Petroleum Machinery,2015,43(1):78—83.
[12]BELLINGER N C,KOMOROWSKI J P.Corrosion Pillowing Stresses in Fuselage Lap Joints[J].AIAA Journal,1997,35(2):317—320.
[13]胡建朋,刘智勇,胡山山,等.304不锈钢在模拟深海和浅海环境中的应力腐蚀行为[J].表面技术,2015,44(3):9—13.HU J P,LIU Z Y,HU S S,et al.Stress Corrosion Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel in Simulated Deep Sea and Marine Environment[J].Surface Technology,2015,44(3):9—13.
[14]万里平,孟英峰,杨龙,等.钻柱失效原因及预防措施[J].钻采工艺,2006,29(1):57—59.WAN L P,MENG Y F,YANG L,et al.Failure Reason and Preventive Measures of Drill String[J].Drilling Technology,2006,29(1):57—59.
[15]RUIZ J,ELICES M.Environmental Fatigue in a 7000 Series Aluminium Alloy[J].Corrosion Science,1996,38(10):1815—1837.
[16]王国凡,牛玉超,刘喜俊,等.2Cr13Mn9Ni4钢管硫腐蚀应力腐蚀裂纹分析[J].表面技术,2004,33(4):75—76.WANG G F,NIU Y C,LIU X J,et al.Cr13Mn9Ni4 Pipe Stress Sulfur Corrosion Cracking Analysis[J].Surface Technology,2004,33(4):75—76.
[17]DOWELL A J.Metal Structure and Composition Effects in the Alkaline Etching of Aluminium[J].Transactions of the Institute of Metal Finishing,1987,65(4):147—151.
[18]卢燕平,方百友,金艳明.6063铝型材表面点腐蚀缺陷分析[J].表面技术,1999,28(4):5—7.LU Y P,FANG B Y,JIN Y M.6063 Aluminum Surface Pitting Defect Analysis[J].Surface Technology,1999,28(4):5—7.
[19]黄淑菊.金属腐蚀与防护[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996:87—89.HUANG S J.Metal Corrosion and Protection[M].Xi'an:Xi'an Jiaotong University Press,1996:87—89.