Polyphenolic composition, antibacterial, modulator and neuroprotective activity of Tarenaya spinosa(Jacq.) Raf.(Cleomaceae)
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摘要
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial activity and neuroprotective capacity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Tarenaya spinosa(T. spinosa) as well as to determine and quantify some of its polyphenols by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection(HPLC-DAD). Methods: The bacterial Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, grown in Heart Agar Infusion, were tested. The drugs gentamicin, norfloxacin and imipenem were used to evaluate the modulating or antagonistic capacity of the T. spinosa extracts. The extract was analysed by HPLC-DAD to determine the main phenolic compounds. For the cell viability tests, individual heads of the Nauphoeta cinerea arthropod model were removed, homogenized in Trifluoromethyl ketone and centrifuged afterwards. Subsequently, 20 μL of NaN O2 were added to the biological material, except in the control group, to evaluate the protection capacity of the extracts. The homogenate of the insect heads was incubated for 2 h in tubes containing tetrazolium bromide. Results: HPLC-DAD demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of T. spinosa presented caffeic acid as the major compound. The ethanolic extract also showed neuroprotective effects at concentrations ≥ 10 μg/mL, while aqueous extract was shown to have a protective effect only at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. The aqueous extract demonstrated a clinically relevant antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug resistant strain-MDR, with MIC 512 μg/m L. However, when the extracts were associated with gentamicin and imipenem, a synergism was detected against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli MDR strains. Conclusions: Although it does not present an antibacterial action, the extracts of T. spinosa can be used in the pharmaceutical industries since its extracts show modulating action of drugs. Besides, these natural products have neuroprotective capacity.
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial activity and neuroprotective capacity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Tarenaya spinosa(T. spinosa) as well as to determine and quantify some of its polyphenols by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection(HPLC-DAD). Methods: The bacterial Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, grown in Heart Agar Infusion, were tested. The drugs gentamicin, norfloxacin and imipenem were used to evaluate the modulating or antagonistic capacity of the T. spinosa extracts. The extract was analysed by HPLC-DAD to determine the main phenolic compounds. For the cell viability tests, individual heads of the Nauphoeta cinerea arthropod model were removed, homogenized in Trifluoromethyl ketone and centrifuged afterwards. Subsequently, 20 μL of NaN O2 were added to the biological material, except in the control group, to evaluate the protection capacity of the extracts. The homogenate of the insect heads was incubated for 2 h in tubes containing tetrazolium bromide. Results: HPLC-DAD demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of T. spinosa presented caffeic acid as the major compound. The ethanolic extract also showed neuroprotective effects at concentrations ≥ 10 μg/mL, while aqueous extract was shown to have a protective effect only at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. The aqueous extract demonstrated a clinically relevant antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug resistant strain-MDR, with MIC 512 μg/m L. However, when the extracts were associated with gentamicin and imipenem, a synergism was detected against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli MDR strains. Conclusions: Although it does not present an antibacterial action, the extracts of T. spinosa can be used in the pharmaceutical industries since its extracts show modulating action of drugs. Besides, these natural products have neuroprotective capacity.
Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial activity and neuroprotective capacity of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Tarenaya spinosa(T. spinosa) as well as to determine and quantify some of its polyphenols by high performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection(HPLC-DAD). Methods: The bacterial Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, grown in Heart Agar Infusion, were tested. The drugs gentamicin, norfloxacin and imipenem were used to evaluate the modulating or antagonistic capacity of the T. spinosa extracts. The extract was analysed by HPLC-DAD to determine the main phenolic compounds. For the cell viability tests, individual heads of the Nauphoeta cinerea arthropod model were removed, homogenized in Trifluoromethyl ketone and centrifuged afterwards. Subsequently, 20 μL of NaN O2 were added to the biological material, except in the control group, to evaluate the protection capacity of the extracts. The homogenate of the insect heads was incubated for 2 h in tubes containing tetrazolium bromide. Results: HPLC-DAD demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of T. spinosa presented caffeic acid as the major compound. The ethanolic extract also showed neuroprotective effects at concentrations ≥ 10 μg/mL, while aqueous extract was shown to have a protective effect only at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. The aqueous extract demonstrated a clinically relevant antibacterial activity against the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug resistant strain-MDR, with MIC 512 μg/m L. However, when the extracts were associated with gentamicin and imipenem, a synergism was detected against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli MDR strains. Conclusions: Although it does not present an antibacterial action, the extracts of T. spinosa can be used in the pharmaceutical industries since its extracts show modulating action of drugs. Besides, these natural products have neuroprotective capacity.
引文
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[16]Collins DO,Reynolds WF,Reese PB.New cembranes from Cleome spinosa.J Nat Prod 2004;67(2):179-183.
[17]Matos FJA.Introduction to experimental phytochemistry.2nd ed.Fortaleza:UFC;2009.
[18]Costa AR,Silva JL,Lima KRR,Rocha MI,Barros LM,Costa JGM,et al.Rhaphiodon echinus(Nees&Mart.)Schauer:Chemical,toxicological activity and increased antibiotic activity of antifungal drug activity and antibacterial.Micro Pathogenesis 2017;107(11):280-286.
[19]Javadpour MM,Juban MM,Lo WJ,Bishop SM,Alberty JB,Cowell SM,et al.De novo antimicrobial peptides with low mammalian cell toxicity.JMed Chem 1996;39(16):3107-3113.
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[22]R Core Team.R:A language and environment for statistical computing.[software]R Foundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna,Austria.2014.Available from:http://www.R-project.org/.
[23]Silva APS,Silva LCN,Fonseca CSM,Araújo JM,Correia MTS,Cavalcanti MS,et al.Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of organic extracts from Cleome spinosa Jaqc.Front Microbiol 2016;7(963):1-10.
[24]Sim?es CMO,Schenkel EP,Gosmann G,Mello JCP,Mentz LA,Petrovick PR.Pharmacognosy:From plant to medicine.sixth ed.Editora da UFRGS/Editora da UFSC,Porto Alegre/Florianópolis;2010.
[25]Martins CR,Lopes WA,Andrade JBD.Solubility of organic substances.Quím Nova 2013;36(8):1248-1255.
[26]Oliveira DM,Bastos DHM.Phenolic acids bioavailability.Quím Nova2011;34(6):1051-1056.
[27]Beer D,Joubert E,Gelderblom WCA,Manley M.Phenolic compounds:A review of their possible role as in vivo antioxidants of wine.S Afr JEnol Vitic 2017;23(2):48-61.
[28]Machado H,Nagem TJ,Peters VM,Fonseca CS,Oliveira TT.Flavonoids and potential therapeutic.Bol Cent Biol Reprod 2008;27(1):33-39.
[29]Lima VN,Oliveira-tintino CDM,Santos ES,Morais LP,Tintino SR,Freitas TS,et al.Antimicrobial and enhancement of the antibiotic activity by phenolic compounds:Gallic acid,caffeic acid and pyrogallol.Micro Pathogenesis 2016;99(10):56-61.
[30]Briers Y,Lavigne R.Breaking barriers:Expansion of the use of endolysins as novel antibacterials against Gram-negative bacteria.Future Microbiol 2015;10(3):377-390.
[31]Hemaiswarya S,Kruthiventi AK,Doble M.Synergism between natural products and antibiotics against infectious diseases.Phytomedicine 2008;15(8):639-652.
[32]Hayek SA,Gyawali R,Ibrahim SA.Antimicrobial natural products.Microb Pathog Strat Comb Them:Sci,Tech and Educ 2013;2:910-921.
[33]Adedara IA,Rosemberg DB,Souza DO,Farombi EO,Aschner M,Rocha JB.Neuroprotection of luteolin against methylmercury-induced toxicity in lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea.Environ Toxicol Pharmacol.2016;42:243-251.
[34]da Silva CS,de Cássia Gon?alves de Lima R,Elekofehinti OO,Ogunbolude Y,Duarte AE,Rocha JBT,et al.Caffeine-supplemented diet modulates oxidative stress markers and improves locomotor behavior in the lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea.Chem Biol Interact 2018;282:77-84.
[35]Tintino SR,Cunha FAB,Santos KKA,Guedes GMM,Souza CES,Matias EFF,et al.Modulatory activity of ethanol and hexane extracts of Costus cf.arabicus roots on antimicrobial drugs.R Bras Bioci 2013;11(2):157-162.
[36]Burt S.Essential oils:Their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods-a review.Int J Food Microbiol 2004;94(3):223-253
[37]Coutinho HD,Lima JG,Siqueira-Júnior JP.Additive effects of Hyptis martiusii Benth with aminoglycosides against Escherichia coli.Indian JMed Res 2010;131(1):106-108.
[2]Santos NQ.Bacterial resistence in the context of hospital infection.Texto Contexto Enferm 2004;13(n.esp):64-70.
[3]Ferreira H,Eliane RPL.Pseudomonas aeruginosa:An alert to the professionals of health.Rev Panam Infectol 2010;12(2):44-50.
[4]Matias EFF,Santos KK,Almeida TS,Costa JGM,Coutinho HD.In vitro antibacterial activity of Croton campestris A.,Ocimum gratissimum L.and Cordia verbenacea DC.Rev Bras Bioci 2010;8(3):294-298.
[5]Gomes TAT,Elias WP,Scaletskya ICA,Gutha BEC,Rodrigues JF,Piazza RMF,et al.Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli.Braz J Microbiol 2016;47:3-30.
[6]Gelatti LC,Sukiennik T,Becker AP,Inoue FM,Carmo MS,Castrucci FMS,et al.Sepsis due to community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in southern Brazil.Rev Soc Bras Med Tro 2009;42(4):458-460.
[7]Garófolo A,Avesani CM,Camargo KG,Barros ME,Silva SRJ,Taddei JAAC,et al.Diet and cancer:An epidemiological view.Rev Nutr 2004;17:491-505.
[8]Lamarino LZ,Oliveira MC,Antunes MM,Oliveira M,Rodrigues RO,Zanin CICB,et al.Nitrites and nitrates in canned and/or sausage meat products.Ges Foco 2015;7:246-251.
[9]Amorozo MCM.Use and diversity of medicinal plants in Santo Ant?nio do Leverger,MT,Brasil.Acta Bot Bras 2002;16(2):189-203.
[10]Oliveira YLC,Silva LCN,Silva AG,Macedo AJ,Araújo JM,Correia MTS,et al.Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of Buchenavia tetraphylla(Aubl.)R.A.Howard(Combretaceae:Combretoideae).Sci World J 2012;2012:1-6.
[11]Bezerra JWA,Costa AR,Silva MAP,Rocha MI,Boligon AA,Rocha JBT,et al.Chemical composition and toxicological evaluation of Hyptis suaveolens(L.)Poiteau(LAMIACEAE)in Drosophila melanogaster and Artemia salina.S Afr J Bot 2017;113(11):437-442.
[12]Carvalho ACB,Balbino EE,Maciel A,Perfeito JPS.Situation of herbal medicines register in Brazil.Rev Bras Farmacogn 2008;18(2):314-331.
[13]Neto RLS.Flora of the cangas of Serra dos Carajás,Pará,Brasil:Cleomaceae.Rodriguésia 2017;68(3):931-933.
[14]Moreira HJC,Bragan?a HBN.Identification manual for weeds(Hortifrúti).FMC Agricultural Products,S?o Paulo;2011.
[15]Silva CG,Marinho MGV,Lucena MFA,Costa JGM.Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in the Caatinga area in the community of Sitio Nazaré,Milagres,Ceará,Brazil.Rev Bras Plantas Med 2015;17(1):133-142.
[16]Collins DO,Reynolds WF,Reese PB.New cembranes from Cleome spinosa.J Nat Prod 2004;67(2):179-183.
[17]Matos FJA.Introduction to experimental phytochemistry.2nd ed.Fortaleza:UFC;2009.
[18]Costa AR,Silva JL,Lima KRR,Rocha MI,Barros LM,Costa JGM,et al.Rhaphiodon echinus(Nees&Mart.)Schauer:Chemical,toxicological activity and increased antibiotic activity of antifungal drug activity and antibacterial.Micro Pathogenesis 2017;107(11):280-286.
[19]Javadpour MM,Juban MM,Lo WJ,Bishop SM,Alberty JB,Cowell SM,et al.De novo antimicrobial peptides with low mammalian cell toxicity.JMed Chem 1996;39(16):3107-3113.
[20]Mann CM,Markham JL.A new method for determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of essential oils.J Appl Microbiol 1998;84(4):538-544.
[21]Palomino JC,Martin A,Camacho M.,Guerra H,Swings J,Portaels F.Resazurin microtiter assay plate:Simple and inexpensive method for detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002;46(8):2720-2722.
[22]R Core Team.R:A language and environment for statistical computing.[software]R Foundation for Statistical Computing,Vienna,Austria.2014.Available from:http://www.R-project.org/.
[23]Silva APS,Silva LCN,Fonseca CSM,Araújo JM,Correia MTS,Cavalcanti MS,et al.Antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of organic extracts from Cleome spinosa Jaqc.Front Microbiol 2016;7(963):1-10.
[24]Sim?es CMO,Schenkel EP,Gosmann G,Mello JCP,Mentz LA,Petrovick PR.Pharmacognosy:From plant to medicine.sixth ed.Editora da UFRGS/Editora da UFSC,Porto Alegre/Florianópolis;2010.
[25]Martins CR,Lopes WA,Andrade JBD.Solubility of organic substances.Quím Nova 2013;36(8):1248-1255.
[26]Oliveira DM,Bastos DHM.Phenolic acids bioavailability.Quím Nova2011;34(6):1051-1056.
[27]Beer D,Joubert E,Gelderblom WCA,Manley M.Phenolic compounds:A review of their possible role as in vivo antioxidants of wine.S Afr JEnol Vitic 2017;23(2):48-61.
[28]Machado H,Nagem TJ,Peters VM,Fonseca CS,Oliveira TT.Flavonoids and potential therapeutic.Bol Cent Biol Reprod 2008;27(1):33-39.
[29]Lima VN,Oliveira-tintino CDM,Santos ES,Morais LP,Tintino SR,Freitas TS,et al.Antimicrobial and enhancement of the antibiotic activity by phenolic compounds:Gallic acid,caffeic acid and pyrogallol.Micro Pathogenesis 2016;99(10):56-61.
[30]Briers Y,Lavigne R.Breaking barriers:Expansion of the use of endolysins as novel antibacterials against Gram-negative bacteria.Future Microbiol 2015;10(3):377-390.
[31]Hemaiswarya S,Kruthiventi AK,Doble M.Synergism between natural products and antibiotics against infectious diseases.Phytomedicine 2008;15(8):639-652.
[32]Hayek SA,Gyawali R,Ibrahim SA.Antimicrobial natural products.Microb Pathog Strat Comb Them:Sci,Tech and Educ 2013;2:910-921.
[33]Adedara IA,Rosemberg DB,Souza DO,Farombi EO,Aschner M,Rocha JB.Neuroprotection of luteolin against methylmercury-induced toxicity in lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea.Environ Toxicol Pharmacol.2016;42:243-251.
[34]da Silva CS,de Cássia Gon?alves de Lima R,Elekofehinti OO,Ogunbolude Y,Duarte AE,Rocha JBT,et al.Caffeine-supplemented diet modulates oxidative stress markers and improves locomotor behavior in the lobster cockroach Nauphoeta cinerea.Chem Biol Interact 2018;282:77-84.
[35]Tintino SR,Cunha FAB,Santos KKA,Guedes GMM,Souza CES,Matias EFF,et al.Modulatory activity of ethanol and hexane extracts of Costus cf.arabicus roots on antimicrobial drugs.R Bras Bioci 2013;11(2):157-162.
[36]Burt S.Essential oils:Their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods-a review.Int J Food Microbiol 2004;94(3):223-253
[37]Coutinho HD,Lima JG,Siqueira-Júnior JP.Additive effects of Hyptis martiusii Benth with aminoglycosides against Escherichia coli.Indian JMed Res 2010;131(1):106-108.