Sc、Er元素在Al-Zn-Mg合金中的作用机理研究
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摘要
采用直冷半连续铸造法制备了三种不同成分的Al-Zn-Mg-(Sc)-(Er)合金材料。利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜进行微观组织观察,采用差热分析仪测试相变转变温度,测试了硬度、拉伸性能并利用扫描电镜进行断口分析。结果表明:Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr合金中添加0.1%Sc+0.1%Er的晶粒细化效果最好,室温拉伸性能最佳,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别可达585 MPa、566 MPa和8.3%;添加0.2%Er元素(0.1%Er等量替代0.1%Sc)的合金的晶粒细化效果和室温拉伸性能均明显差于Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr-0.1Sc-0.1Er合金;而添加0.4%Er元素(0.3%Er过量替代0.1%Sc)与添加0.1%Sc+0.1%Er元素对于Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr合金在晶粒细化和室温拉伸性能方面带来的增益效果较为接近,但较高含量的Er元素添加容易在合金内部形成偏聚的现象。
Three different compositions of Al-Zn-Mg-(Sc)-(Er) alloy were produced by the hot-top semi-continuous DC casting technology. Microstructure of the alloy and the temperature of phases transformation were investigated by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Hardness and tensile properties of the alloy was measured, and the fracture morphology was observed by SEM. The result showed that the grain size of Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr-0.1Sc-0.1Er alloy was the smallest, and the tensile properties was the best at the same time with the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of 585 MPa, 566 MPa and 8.3%, respectively, as compared to those of Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr alloy with 0.2%Er. The effect of adding 0.4%Er or 0.1%Sc+0.1%Er in the Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr alloy on the grain size and tensile property was almost same. However, adding too much Er element easily caused the micro clustering of Er element in the alloy.
Three different compositions of Al-Zn-Mg-(Sc)-(Er) alloy were produced by the hot-top semi-continuous DC casting technology. Microstructure of the alloy and the temperature of phases transformation were investigated by optical microscopy(OM), scanning electron microscope(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). Hardness and tensile properties of the alloy was measured, and the fracture morphology was observed by SEM. The result showed that the grain size of Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr-0.1Sc-0.1Er alloy was the smallest, and the tensile properties was the best at the same time with the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of 585 MPa, 566 MPa and 8.3%, respectively, as compared to those of Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr alloy with 0.2%Er. The effect of adding 0.4%Er or 0.1%Sc+0.1%Er in the Al-8.5Zn-1.5Mg-0.1Zr alloy on the grain size and tensile property was almost same. However, adding too much Er element easily caused the micro clustering of Er element in the alloy.
引文
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[2]Nie Zuoren,Jin Tounan,Zou Jingxia,et al. Development on research of advanced rare-earth aluminium alloy[J]. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2003,13(3):509-514
[3]Yang Junjun,Nie Zuoren,Jin Tounan,et al. Effect of trace rare earth element Er on high pure Al[J]. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2003,13(5):1035-1039.
[4]邢清源,孟令刚,邓亮,等.电磁连铸和微合金化对5356铝合金组织性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2016,45(2):487-492.
[5]Huda Z,Edi P. Materials selection in design of structures and engines of supersonic aircrafts:a review[J]. Materials Design,2013,46:552-560.
[6]聂祚仁,文胜平,黄晖,等.铒微合金化铝合金的研究进展[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(10):2361-2370.
[7]杨军军,聂祚仁,金头男,等.稀土铒在Al-Zn-Mg合金中的存在形式与细化机理[J].中国有色金属学报,2004,14(4):620-626.
[8]王经涛,王海波,许育中,等.铸态稀土铝合金中元素分布与枝晶偏析[J].轻合金加工技术,1995,23(5):35-40.
[9]Wen S P,Gao K Y,Huang H,et al. Precipitation evolution in Al-Er-Zr alloys during aging at elevated temperature[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,574:92-97.
[10]Wen S P,Gao K Y,Li Y,et al. Synergetic effect of Er and Zr on the precipitation hardening of Al-Er-Zr alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2011,65(7):592-595.
[11]Senatorova G,Uksusnikov A N,Legoshina S F,et al. Influence of different minor addition on structure and properities of high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy sheet[J]. Materials Science Forum,2000,331-337:1249-1254.
[12]Milman Y V,Sirko A I,Lotsko D V,et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of cast and wrought A1-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys modified with Zr and Sc[J]. Materials Science Forum,2002,396-402:1127-1132.
[13]叶锐,杨继东,彭小燕,等. A1-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr合金搅拌摩擦焊接接头的显微组织、力学性能及局部腐蚀性能[J].中国有色金属学报,2015,25(10):2656-2665.
[14]Sawtell R R,Morris J W. Dispersion Strengthened Aluminum Alloys[M]. New York:TMS Publishing,1988,9-40.
[15]Kendig K L,Miracle D B. Strengthening Mechanisms of an Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy[J]. Acta Materialia,2002(50):4165-4175.
[16]LiH Y,GaoZH,YinH,etal.EffectsofErandZradditionsonprecipitationandrecrystallizationofpurealuminum[J].Scripta Materialia,2013,68(1):59-62.