急诊科护士正念度与心理弹性和职业倦怠的相关性分析
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摘要
为了探讨急诊科护士正念度与心理弹性和职业倦怠的相关性,本研究采用整群抽样法对34名急诊科护士进行问卷调查,所有护士均接受一般状况调查表、五因子正念度问卷(FFMQ)、Conner-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)简化版和职业倦怠问卷修订版(MBI-GS)调查。结果表明,急诊科护士情绪耗竭、去人性化、个人成就感的得分分别为(16.25±8.27)分、(16.84±9.17)分、(26.83±9.05)分。急诊科护士FFMQ得分(99.91±8.14)分,项目均分(2.56±0.57)分。急诊科护士CD-RISC得分(69.14±7.43)分,项目均分(2.77±0.54)分。初步结论表明,急诊科护士职业倦怠感严重,正念度与急诊科护士的心理弹性呈正相关,与职业倦怠感呈负相关,通过正念训练提高心理弹性可影响急诊科护士的职业倦怠感。
To explore the correlation between mindfulness and mental resilience and job burnout of nurses in emergency department. In this study, a cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 34 nurses in emergency department, all of whom were surveyed by general condition questionnaire, five-factor mindfulness questionnaire(FFMQ), CD-RISC reduced version(Conner-Davidson) and MBI-GS revised version. The results showed that the scores of emotional exhaustion, dehumanization and low personal achievement of nurses in emergency department were 16.25 ±8.27, 16.84 ±9.17 and 26.83 ±9.05, respectively. The FFMQ score of nurses in emergency department was 99.91±8.14, and the project average score was 2.56±0.57. The CD-RISC score for nurses in emergency department was 69.14 ±7.43, with an average score of 2.77 ±0.54. The total scores of observation,description, conscious action, non-judgment, non-action and mindfulness were positively correlated with the total scores of optimism, self-improvement, tenacity and mental resilience(p<0.05). The total scores of observation,description, conscious action, non-judgment, non-action and mindfulness were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion, dehumanization and low personal achievement(p<0.05). The preliminary conclusion showed that the nurses in the emergency department have a serious sense of occupational burnout, and the mindfulness is positively correlated with the mental resilience of the nurses in the emergency department, and negatively correlated with the sense of occupational burnout. The improvement of mental resilience through mindfulness training can affect the sense of occupational burnout of the nurses in the emergency department.
To explore the correlation between mindfulness and mental resilience and job burnout of nurses in emergency department. In this study, a cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 34 nurses in emergency department, all of whom were surveyed by general condition questionnaire, five-factor mindfulness questionnaire(FFMQ), CD-RISC reduced version(Conner-Davidson) and MBI-GS revised version. The results showed that the scores of emotional exhaustion, dehumanization and low personal achievement of nurses in emergency department were 16.25 ±8.27, 16.84 ±9.17 and 26.83 ±9.05, respectively. The FFMQ score of nurses in emergency department was 99.91±8.14, and the project average score was 2.56±0.57. The CD-RISC score for nurses in emergency department was 69.14 ±7.43, with an average score of 2.77 ±0.54. The total scores of observation,description, conscious action, non-judgment, non-action and mindfulness were positively correlated with the total scores of optimism, self-improvement, tenacity and mental resilience(p<0.05). The total scores of observation,description, conscious action, non-judgment, non-action and mindfulness were negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion, dehumanization and low personal achievement(p<0.05). The preliminary conclusion showed that the nurses in the emergency department have a serious sense of occupational burnout, and the mindfulness is positively correlated with the mental resilience of the nurses in the emergency department, and negatively correlated with the sense of occupational burnout. The improvement of mental resilience through mindfulness training can affect the sense of occupational burnout of the nurses in the emergency department.
引文
Deng Y.Q.,Liu X.H.,Rodriguez M.A.,and Xia C.Y.,2011,The five facet mindfulness questionnaire:psychometric pro-perties of the Chinese version,Mindfulness,2(2):123-128
Huang J.,Lin C.F.,Lin Q.Y.,and Xiao L.R.,2017,Effect of mindfulness stress reduction intervention on mental resilience and occupational stress of new nurses,Yixue Lilun Yu Shijian(Yixue Medical Theory and Practice),30(9):1389-1391(黄娟,林晨芳,林群英,肖丽蓉,2017,正念减压干预对新入职护士心理弹性与职业压力的影响,医学理论与实践,30(9):1389-1391)
Li S.M.,Jiang W.L.,Dai Y.Q.,Zhou Y.L.,and Yang X.N.,2015Correlation between mental capital of emergency department nurses and job burnout,Huli Guanli Zazhi(Journal of nursing management),15(3):167-168(李赛梅,蒋维连,戴玉琴,周育丽,杨西宁,2015,急诊科护士心理资本与职业倦怠的相关性研究,护理管理杂志,15(3):167-168)
Liang S.C.,Wu H.M.,Yang Y.J.,and Yang D.,2016,Mediating effects of mindfulness and resilience on neuroticism and life satisfaction in college students,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),30(12):946-951(梁三才,吴海梅,杨玉娇,杨丹,2016,大学生正念、心理弹性在神经质和生活满意度关系中的中介作用,中国心理卫生杂志,30(12):946-951)
Liu H.P.,Wei Z.Z.,Zhang X.Z.,Niu H.J.,and Duan H.M.,2015Research progress on the influencing factors and countermeasures of nurse burnout in China,Zhonghua Xiandai Huli Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing),21(24):2966-2969(柳鸿鹏,位珍珍,张显珍,牛慧君,段红梅,2015,我国护士职业倦怠的影响因素及对策研究进展,中华现代护理杂志,21(24):2966-2969)
Liu S.M.,Liu K.T.,Li T.T.,and Lu L.,2015,The influence of college students'mindfulness on subjective well-being:the mediating effect of emotion regulation and mental resilience,Xinli Kexue(Psychological Science),38(4):889-895(刘斯漫,刘柯廷,李田田,卢莉,2015,大学生正念对主观幸福感的影响:情绪调节及心理弹性的中介作用,心理科学,38(4):889-895)
Maslach C.,and Jackson S.E.,1981,The measurement of experiencedc burnout,J.Occupat.Behav.,2(2):99-113
Qi F.,Yuan J.,Huang Y.,Shan Y.X.,and Jin Y.L.,2016,Study on the relationship between occupational stress,burnout and nursing errors in nursing staff,Zhongguo Jiankang Jiaoyu(China Health Education),32(4):344-348(齐菲,袁婧,黄莹,单益霞,金玉兰,2016,护理人员职业紧张与职业倦怠与护理差错的关系研究,中国健康教育,32(4):344-348)
Segura O.,2014,Burnout:concepts and implications affecting public health,Biomedica,34(4):535-545
Shi J.Y.,Zhao X.D.,Su N.,and Wang Y.B.,2017,The relationship between occupational burnout and mental resilience of doctors,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),31(2):168-169(史靖宇,赵旭东,苏娜,王艳波,2017,医生职业倦怠与心理弹性的关系,中国心理卫生杂志,31(2):168-169)
Wang F.,Huang Y.X.,2011,The psychological and brain mecha nisms of mindfulness,Xinli Kexue Jinzhan(Advances in Psychological Science),19(11):1635-1644(汪芬,黄宇霞,2011,正念的心理和脑机制,心理科学进展,19(11):1635-1644)
Wang L.R.,Xiao Q.X.,Luo H.J.,Yi N.,and Ou C.J.,2015,Investigation and coping strategies of occupational burnout among nurses in emergency department,Zhongguo Yiyao Daobao(China Medical Journal),12(29):39-42(王丽容,肖七秀,罗慧娟,尹娜,欧婵娟,2015,急诊科护士职业倦怠调查及应对策略,中国医药导报,12(29):39-42)
Wen Y.,Liu Q.,Zhang F.,Huang K.,Lu J.,Guo X.,and Wang H.,2015,Meta analysis of the current situation of adolescent mental resilience scale in China,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),29(11):826-832(文一,刘琴,张帆,黄轲,逯嘉,郭雪,王宏,2015,青少年心理弹性量表评估中国儿童心理弹性现状的meta分析,中国心理卫生杂志,29(11):826-832)
Wu J.P.,2013,Investigation on occupational burnout of medical staff in the emergency department of some third-tier firstclass hospitals in guangzhou,Yixue Yu Zhexue(Medicine andPhilosophy),34(1B):63-64,92(吴俊平,2013,广州部分三甲医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠调查,医学与哲学34(1B):63-64,92)
Xu X.D.,Jin Y.,Li S.L.,Zhao Y.,Tian L.,Li F.,Guo M.,Yu Y.and Zhang M.,2016,Study on current status and influencing factors of nurses'job engagement in emergency department Zhongguo Shiyong Huli Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Practica Nursing),32(31):2461-2464(徐旭东,金奕,李淑兰,赵媛,田丽,李芃,郭曼,于跃,张猛,2016,急诊科护士工作敬业度现状及影响因素研究,中国实用护理杂志,32(31):2461-2464)
Yu X.N.,and Zhang J.X.,2007,Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)with Chinese people,Social Behavior and Personality:An International Journal,35(1):19-30
Zhao D.,Li N.,and Ren X.H.,2016,Effect of mindfulness decompression on mental resilience of postoperative breast cancer patients,Jianyan Yixue Yu Linchuang(Laboratory Medicine and Clinical),13(24):3554-3555(赵丹,李宁,任小红,2016,正念减压对乳腺癌术后患者心理弹性的影响,检验医学与临床,13(24):3554-3555)
Zhao D.H.,Zhang N.,and Li H.N.,2017,Investigation on the status quo of nurses'occupational burnout in pengshui county secondary hospital,Chongqing Yixue(Chongqing Medical),46(12):1709-1711(赵德会,张宁,李海宁,2017,彭水县二级医院护士职业倦怠现状调查,重庆医学,46(12):1709-1711)
Huang J.,Lin C.F.,Lin Q.Y.,and Xiao L.R.,2017,Effect of mindfulness stress reduction intervention on mental resilience and occupational stress of new nurses,Yixue Lilun Yu Shijian(Yixue Medical Theory and Practice),30(9):1389-1391(黄娟,林晨芳,林群英,肖丽蓉,2017,正念减压干预对新入职护士心理弹性与职业压力的影响,医学理论与实践,30(9):1389-1391)
Li S.M.,Jiang W.L.,Dai Y.Q.,Zhou Y.L.,and Yang X.N.,2015Correlation between mental capital of emergency department nurses and job burnout,Huli Guanli Zazhi(Journal of nursing management),15(3):167-168(李赛梅,蒋维连,戴玉琴,周育丽,杨西宁,2015,急诊科护士心理资本与职业倦怠的相关性研究,护理管理杂志,15(3):167-168)
Liang S.C.,Wu H.M.,Yang Y.J.,and Yang D.,2016,Mediating effects of mindfulness and resilience on neuroticism and life satisfaction in college students,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),30(12):946-951(梁三才,吴海梅,杨玉娇,杨丹,2016,大学生正念、心理弹性在神经质和生活满意度关系中的中介作用,中国心理卫生杂志,30(12):946-951)
Liu H.P.,Wei Z.Z.,Zhang X.Z.,Niu H.J.,and Duan H.M.,2015Research progress on the influencing factors and countermeasures of nurse burnout in China,Zhonghua Xiandai Huli Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing),21(24):2966-2969(柳鸿鹏,位珍珍,张显珍,牛慧君,段红梅,2015,我国护士职业倦怠的影响因素及对策研究进展,中华现代护理杂志,21(24):2966-2969)
Liu S.M.,Liu K.T.,Li T.T.,and Lu L.,2015,The influence of college students'mindfulness on subjective well-being:the mediating effect of emotion regulation and mental resilience,Xinli Kexue(Psychological Science),38(4):889-895(刘斯漫,刘柯廷,李田田,卢莉,2015,大学生正念对主观幸福感的影响:情绪调节及心理弹性的中介作用,心理科学,38(4):889-895)
Maslach C.,and Jackson S.E.,1981,The measurement of experiencedc burnout,J.Occupat.Behav.,2(2):99-113
Qi F.,Yuan J.,Huang Y.,Shan Y.X.,and Jin Y.L.,2016,Study on the relationship between occupational stress,burnout and nursing errors in nursing staff,Zhongguo Jiankang Jiaoyu(China Health Education),32(4):344-348(齐菲,袁婧,黄莹,单益霞,金玉兰,2016,护理人员职业紧张与职业倦怠与护理差错的关系研究,中国健康教育,32(4):344-348)
Segura O.,2014,Burnout:concepts and implications affecting public health,Biomedica,34(4):535-545
Shi J.Y.,Zhao X.D.,Su N.,and Wang Y.B.,2017,The relationship between occupational burnout and mental resilience of doctors,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),31(2):168-169(史靖宇,赵旭东,苏娜,王艳波,2017,医生职业倦怠与心理弹性的关系,中国心理卫生杂志,31(2):168-169)
Wang F.,Huang Y.X.,2011,The psychological and brain mecha nisms of mindfulness,Xinli Kexue Jinzhan(Advances in Psychological Science),19(11):1635-1644(汪芬,黄宇霞,2011,正念的心理和脑机制,心理科学进展,19(11):1635-1644)
Wang L.R.,Xiao Q.X.,Luo H.J.,Yi N.,and Ou C.J.,2015,Investigation and coping strategies of occupational burnout among nurses in emergency department,Zhongguo Yiyao Daobao(China Medical Journal),12(29):39-42(王丽容,肖七秀,罗慧娟,尹娜,欧婵娟,2015,急诊科护士职业倦怠调查及应对策略,中国医药导报,12(29):39-42)
Wen Y.,Liu Q.,Zhang F.,Huang K.,Lu J.,Guo X.,and Wang H.,2015,Meta analysis of the current situation of adolescent mental resilience scale in China,Zhongguo Xinli Weisheng Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Mental Health),29(11):826-832(文一,刘琴,张帆,黄轲,逯嘉,郭雪,王宏,2015,青少年心理弹性量表评估中国儿童心理弹性现状的meta分析,中国心理卫生杂志,29(11):826-832)
Wu J.P.,2013,Investigation on occupational burnout of medical staff in the emergency department of some third-tier firstclass hospitals in guangzhou,Yixue Yu Zhexue(Medicine andPhilosophy),34(1B):63-64,92(吴俊平,2013,广州部分三甲医院急诊科医护人员职业倦怠调查,医学与哲学34(1B):63-64,92)
Xu X.D.,Jin Y.,Li S.L.,Zhao Y.,Tian L.,Li F.,Guo M.,Yu Y.and Zhang M.,2016,Study on current status and influencing factors of nurses'job engagement in emergency department Zhongguo Shiyong Huli Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Practica Nursing),32(31):2461-2464(徐旭东,金奕,李淑兰,赵媛,田丽,李芃,郭曼,于跃,张猛,2016,急诊科护士工作敬业度现状及影响因素研究,中国实用护理杂志,32(31):2461-2464)
Yu X.N.,and Zhang J.X.,2007,Factor analysis and psychometric evaluation of the Connor-Davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)with Chinese people,Social Behavior and Personality:An International Journal,35(1):19-30
Zhao D.,Li N.,and Ren X.H.,2016,Effect of mindfulness decompression on mental resilience of postoperative breast cancer patients,Jianyan Yixue Yu Linchuang(Laboratory Medicine and Clinical),13(24):3554-3555(赵丹,李宁,任小红,2016,正念减压对乳腺癌术后患者心理弹性的影响,检验医学与临床,13(24):3554-3555)
Zhao D.H.,Zhang N.,and Li H.N.,2017,Investigation on the status quo of nurses'occupational burnout in pengshui county secondary hospital,Chongqing Yixue(Chongqing Medical),46(12):1709-1711(赵德会,张宁,李海宁,2017,彭水县二级医院护士职业倦怠现状调查,重庆医学,46(12):1709-1711)