心理韧性及其神经机制:来自非人类动物模型的证据
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摘要
心理韧性是指个体对不幸、逆境或挫折等压力情形的有效适应。以非人类动物为模型的心理韧性研究一般改称心理韧性为"抗逆力",本文也将沿用"抗逆力"来区分不同物种的韧性研究。近年来采用非人类动物模型对抗逆力神经机制的探索取得了重要进展,内侧前额叶、海马、奖赏环路等脑区及其投射均参与调控抗逆力的表现,操控其神经环路的影响与所面对的压力形式有关,并且高抗动物拥有特异性适应机制。鉴于人类研究的伦理及实验手段等原因,抗逆力的研究将为人类的韧性研究提供重要参考。
The resilience refers to the effective adaptation of individuals to stress circumstances. Of note, two different Chinese terms were used in this review to distinguish "resilience" in between humans and animals. Numerous studies have shown that medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and other brain areas involved in reward circuits mediate resilience. In addition, the adaptive brain mechanisms may differ in susceptible individuals compared to resilient ones. In combination with the ethical and experimental findings in humans, the results from animal research toward understanding the mechanism of resilience will provide important reference and neural basis to improve human resilience.
The resilience refers to the effective adaptation of individuals to stress circumstances. Of note, two different Chinese terms were used in this review to distinguish "resilience" in between humans and animals. Numerous studies have shown that medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and other brain areas involved in reward circuits mediate resilience. In addition, the adaptive brain mechanisms may differ in susceptible individuals compared to resilient ones. In combination with the ethical and experimental findings in humans, the results from animal research toward understanding the mechanism of resilience will provide important reference and neural basis to improve human resilience.
引文
刘伟伟,汪海彬,李梅,黄丽.(2017).心理弹性的国内外研究回顾及展望.宁波大学学报(教育科学版),39(1),18-23.
马伟娜,桑标,洪灵敏.(2008).心理弹性及其作用机制的研究述评.华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)26(1),89-96.
席居哲,左志宏,Wei,W.(2012).心理韧性研究诸进路.心理科学进展,20(9),1426-1447.
于肖楠,张建新.(2005).韧性(resilience)--在压力下复原和成长的心理机制.心理科学进展,13(5),658-665.
朱清,范方,郑裕鸿,孙仕秀,张露,田卫卫.(2012).心理弹性在负性生活事件和抑郁症状之间的中介和调节:以汶川地震后的青少年为例.中国临床心理学杂志,20(4),514-517.
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席居哲,左志宏,Wei,W.(2012).心理韧性研究诸进路.心理科学进展,20(9),1426-1447.
于肖楠,张建新.(2005).韧性(resilience)--在压力下复原和成长的心理机制.心理科学进展,13(5),658-665.
朱清,范方,郑裕鸿,孙仕秀,张露,田卫卫.(2012).心理弹性在负性生活事件和抑郁症状之间的中介和调节:以汶川地震后的青少年为例.中国临床心理学杂志,20(4),514-517.
Adamec,R.,Toth,M.,Haller,J.,Halasz,J.,&Blundell,J.(2012).A comparison of activation patterns of cells in selected prefrontal cortical and amygdala areas of rats which are more or less anxious in response to predator exposure or submersion stress.Physiology&Behavior,105(3),628-638.
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Chang,C-H.,&Grace,A.A.(2014).Amygdala-ventral pallidum pathway decreases dopamine activity after chronic mild stress in rats.Biological Psychiatry,76(3),223-230.
Chaudhury,D.,Walsh,J.J.,Friedman,A.K.,Juarez,B.,Ku,S.M.,Koo,J.W.,...Han,M-H.(2013).Rapid regulation of depression-related behaviours by control of midbrain dopamine neurons.Nature,49(7433),532-536.
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Drevets,W.C.,Savitz,J.,&Trimble,M.(2008).The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in mood disorders.CNS Spectr,13(8),663-681.
El Yacoubi,M.,Bouali,S.,Popa,D.,Naudon,L.,LerouxNicollet,I.,Hamon,M.,...Vaugeois,J.M.(2003).Behavioral,neurochemical,and electrophysiological characterization of a genetic mouse model of depression.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,100(10),6227-6232.
Ergang,P.,Vodi?ka,M.,Soták,M.,Klusoňová,P.,Behuliak,M.,?eháková,L.,...Pácha,J.(2015).Differential impact of stress on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis:Gene expression changes in Lewis and Fisher rats.Psychoneuroendocrinology,53,49-59.
Feder,A.,Nestler,E.J.,&Charney,D.S.(2009).Psychobiology and molecular genetics of resilience.Nature Reviews Neuroscience,10(6),446-457.
Fletcher,D.,&Sarkar,M.(2013).Psychological resilience:A review and critique of definitions,concepts,and theory.European Psychologist,18(1),12-23.
Franceschelli,A.,Herchick,S.,Thelen,C.,PapadopoulouDaifoti,Z.,&Pitychoutis,P.M.(2014).Sex differences in the chronic mild stress model of depression.Behavioural Pharmacology,25(5-6),372-383.
Francis,T.C.,Chandra,R.,Friend,D.M.,Finkel,E.,Dayrit,G.,Miranda,J.,...Lobo,M.K.(2015).Nucleus accumbens medium spiny neuron subtypes mediate depression-related outcomes to social defeat stress.Biological Psychiatry,77(3),212-222.
Franklin,T.B.,Saab,B.J.,&Mansuy,I.M.(2012).Neural mechanisms of stress resilience and vulnerability.Neuron,75(5),747-761.
Friedman,A.(2014).Jump-starting natural resilience reverses stress susceptibility.Science,346(6209),555.
Friedman,A.K.,Juarez,B.,Ku,S.M.,Zhang,H.,Calizo,R.C.,Walsh,J.J.,...Dietz,D.M.(2016).KCNQ channel openers reverse depressive symptoms via an active resilience mechanism.Nature Communications,7,11671.
Friedman,A.K.,Walsh,J.J.,Juarez,B.,Ku,S.M.,Chaudhury,D.,Wang,J.,...Han,M.-H.(2014).Enhancing depression mechanisms in midbrain dopamine neurons achieves homeostatic resilience.Science,344(6181),313-319.
Golden,S.A.,CovingtonⅢ,H.E.,Berton,O.,&Russo,S.J.(2011).A standardized protocol for repeated social defeat stress in mice.Nat Protoc,6(8),1183-1191.
Grace,A.A.,West,A.,Ash,B.,Moore,H.,&Floresco,S.B.(2003).Tonic versus phasic DA release in the nucleus accumbens is differentially regulated by pathways that selectively alter DA neuron spontaneous activity and burst firing.Schizophrenia Research,60(1),106-107.
Guiard,B.P.,El Mansari,M.,&Blier,P.(2008).Cross-talk between dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems in the rat ventral tegmental area,locus ceruleus,and dorsal hippocampus.Molecular Pharmacology,74(5),1463-1475.
Haber,S.N.,&Knutson,B.(2010).The Reward Circuit:Linking Primate Anatomy and Human Imaging.Neuropsychopharmacology,35(1),4-26.
Hamani,C.,Mayberg,H.,Stone,S.,Laxton,A.,Haber,S.,&Lozano,A.M.(2011).The subcallosal cingulate gyrus in the context of major depression.Biological Psychiatry,69(4),301-308.
Han,M.-H.,&Nestler,E.J.(2017).Neural substrates of depression and resilience.Neurotherapeutics,14(3),677-686.
Hill,M.N.,Hellemans,K.G.C.,Verma,P.,Gorzalka,B.B.,&Weinberg,J.(2012).Neurobiology of chronic mild stress:Parallels to major depression.Neuroscience&Biobehavioral Reviews,36(9),2085-2117.
Hodes,G.E.,Pfau,M.L.,Purushothaman,I.,Ahn,H.F.,Golden,S.A.,Christoffel,D.J.,...Russo,S.J.(2015).Sex differences in nucleus accumbens transcriptome profiles associated with susceptibility versus resilience to subchronic variable stress.Journal of Neuroscience,35(50),16362-16376.
I?iguez,S.D.,Riggs,L.M.,Nieto,S.J.,Dayrit,G.,Zamora,N.N.,Shawhan,K.L.,...Warren,B.L.(2014).Social defeat stress induces a depression-like phenotype in adolescent male c57BL/6 mice.Stress-the International Journal on the Biology of Stress,17(3),247-255.
Isingrini,E.,Perret,L.,Rainer,Q.,Amilhon,B.,Guma,E.,Tanti,A.,...Giros,B.(2016).Resilience to chronic stress is mediated by noradrenergic regulation of dopamine neurons.Nature Neuroscience,19(4),560-563.
Johnson,D.C.,Thom,N.J.,Stanley,E.A.,Haase,L.,Simmons,A.N.,Shih,P.A.,...Paulus,M.P.(2014).Modifying resilience mechanisms in at-risk individuals:Acontrolled study of mindfulness training in Marines preparing for deployment.Am J Psychiatry,171(8),844-853.
Krishnan,V.,Han,M-H.,Graham,D.L.,Berton,O.,Renthal,W.,Russo,S.J.,...Nestler,E.J.(2007).Molecular adaptations underlying susceptibility and resistance to social defeat in brain reward regions.Cell,131(2),391-404.
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