电磁防护超材料在国防领域中的应用与前景展望
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摘要
电磁防护超材料以人工微结构为基础,实现了对介电常数和磁导率的自由设计,可突破传统电磁防护材料在信息装备一体化发展过程中遭遇的各种物理极限,在隐身材料、微波器件、军用天线等国防领域具有巨大的应用前景。本文阐述了电磁防护超材料的原理和特点,总结了其在军事领域的重大应用价值,综述了近年来在国防领域的最新成果,分析了当前研究存在的问题和未来发展趋势,为电磁防护超材料的进一步实际应用提供有效、可靠的理论依据及实验基础。
Based on their artificial structures,metamaterial make it easy to design the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability,which can break through the various physical limits of the traditional electromagnetic protection materials during the equipment integration.As a result,metamaterial based electromagnetic protection have significant application prospects in stealth materials,microwave devices,military antennas,and so on.The latest achievements of metamaterial based electromagnetic protection in national defense are firstly introduced.The existing problems,prospects and the development trends are then discussed,which could provide effective and reliable basis for the future theoretical and experimental practice of metamaterial based electromagnetic protection.
Based on their artificial structures,metamaterial make it easy to design the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability,which can break through the various physical limits of the traditional electromagnetic protection materials during the equipment integration.As a result,metamaterial based electromagnetic protection have significant application prospects in stealth materials,microwave devices,military antennas,and so on.The latest achievements of metamaterial based electromagnetic protection in national defense are firstly introduced.The existing problems,prospects and the development trends are then discussed,which could provide effective and reliable basis for the future theoretical and experimental practice of metamaterial based electromagnetic protection.
引文
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[22]Liang J,Yang H D.Microstrip patch antennas on tunable electromagnetic band-gap substrates [J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2009,57(6):1612-1617.
[23]Chen H D,Kuo S H,Sim C Y D,et al.Coupling-feed circularly polarized RFID tag antenna mountable on metallic surface [J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2012,60(5):2166-2174.
[24]贾丹,何应然,韩国栋.一种宽带吸波的隐身天线罩设计 [J].现代雷达,2017,39(3):62-65.
[25]He P,Gao J,Marinis C T,et al.A microstrip tunable negative refractive index metamaterial and phase shifter [J].Applied Physics Letters,2008,93(19):193505-193508.
[26]Tennant A,Chambers B.A single-layer tunable microwave absorber using an active FSS [J].IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2004,14(1):46-47.
[27]赵碧辉,文岐业,谢云松,等.电磁超材料吸收器的研究进展 [J].电子元件与材料,2011,30(11):82-86.
[28]Landy N L,Sajuyigbe S,Mock J J,et al.Perfect metamaterial absorber [J].Physical Review Letters,2008,100(20):207402-207405.
[2]Wen Q Y,Xie Y S,Zhang H W.Transmission line model and fields analysis of metamaterial absorber in the terahertz band [J].Optics Express,2009,17(22):20256-20265.
[3]Tamagnone M,Gomez-Diaz J S,Mosig J R,et al.Analysis and design of terahertz antennas based on plasmonic resonant grapheme sheets [J].Journal of Applied Physics,2012,112(11):114915-114919.
[4]Schuig D,Mock J J,Justuce B J,et al.Metamaterial electromagnetic cloak at microwave frequencies [J].Science,2006,314(5801):977-980.
[5]Yin L X,Jonathan D F,Tian X Y,et al.Design and characterization of radar absorbing structure based on gradient-refractive-index metamaterials [J].Composites Part B,2018,132:178-187.
[6]冯一军,朱博,徐培华,等.电磁超材料在微波吸波材料中的应用探索[J].中国材料进展,2013,32(8):473-479.
[7]He X J,Yan S T,Ma Q X,et al.Broadband and polarization-insensitive terahertz absorber based on multilayer metamaterials [J].Optics Communications,2015,340:44-49.
[8]韩栩,高喜.多频复合结构超材料吸波器的设计 [J].桂林电子科技大学学报,2015,35(1):1-5.
[9]Liu D J,Xiao Z Y,Ma X L,et.al.Broadband asymmetric transmission and multi-band 90° polarization rotator of linearly polarized wave based on multi-layered metamaterial [J].Optics Communications,2015,354:272-276.
[10]Ding F Y,Cui Y X,Ge X X,et al.Ultra-broadband microwave metamaterial absorber [J].Applied Physics Letters,2012,100(10):103506.
[11]Long C,Yin S,Wang W,et al.Broadening the absorption bandwidth of metamaterial absorbers by transverse magnetic harmonics of 210 mode [J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:21431.
[12]司黎明,侯吉旋,刘埇,等.基于集总元件和负微分元件的有源可调谐超材料传输线 [J].物理学报,2014,63(2):027802.
[13]于相龙,周济.智能超材料研究与进展 [J].材料工程,2016,44(7):119-128.
[14]杨欢欢,曹祥玉,高军,等.基于电磁谐振分离的宽带低雷达截面超材料吸波体[J].物理学报,2013,62 (21):214101.
[15]Li W,Wei J,Wang W,et al.Ferrite-based metamaterial microwave absorber with absorption frequency magnetically tunable in a wide range [J].Material & Design,2016,110:27-34.
[16]Li Y H,Thomas L,Boubacar K.Extremely thin dielectric metasurface for carpet cloaking [J].Progress in Electromagnetics Research,2015,152:33-40.
[17]王轩,郝璐,黄兴军,等.国外超材料及隐身斗篷技术发展研究 [J].飞航导弹,2017,5:50-54.
[18]穆武第,王凤春,黄克明,等.吸波材料与超材料复合结构吸波性能研究 [J].材料保护,2013 (S1):85-88.
[19]Li W,Wu T,Wang W,et al.Broadband patterned magnetic microwave absorber [J].Journal of Applied Physics,2014,116(4):044110.
[20]石江波,黄祺,王金仿.防热材料和亚波长结构复合的隐身技术研究[C]//先进电磁隐身材料工程技术应用与展望研讨会论文集.武汉:[出版者不详],2017:161-168.
[21]周必成,王东红,贾巍,等.光学透明和双波段吸波超材料的设计与性能 [J].微波学报,2016,32(3):46-50.
[22]Liang J,Yang H D.Microstrip patch antennas on tunable electromagnetic band-gap substrates [J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2009,57(6):1612-1617.
[23]Chen H D,Kuo S H,Sim C Y D,et al.Coupling-feed circularly polarized RFID tag antenna mountable on metallic surface [J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,2012,60(5):2166-2174.
[24]贾丹,何应然,韩国栋.一种宽带吸波的隐身天线罩设计 [J].现代雷达,2017,39(3):62-65.
[25]He P,Gao J,Marinis C T,et al.A microstrip tunable negative refractive index metamaterial and phase shifter [J].Applied Physics Letters,2008,93(19):193505-193508.
[26]Tennant A,Chambers B.A single-layer tunable microwave absorber using an active FSS [J].IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2004,14(1):46-47.
[27]赵碧辉,文岐业,谢云松,等.电磁超材料吸收器的研究进展 [J].电子元件与材料,2011,30(11):82-86.
[28]Landy N L,Sajuyigbe S,Mock J J,et al.Perfect metamaterial absorber [J].Physical Review Letters,2008,100(20):207402-207405.