中华绒螯蟹在“蟹龙宫”饲养环境中的个体蜕壳与生长
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摘要
分析"蟹龙宫"饲养中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)在一个蜕壳周期的蜕壳与生长情况。结果发现:"蟹龙宫"饲养中华绒螯蟹蜕壳后体质量平均增长率为33.19%,头胸甲长、头胸甲宽和体高的平均增长率为12.12%～14.97%,平均蜕壳间期为59.35 d。蜕壳前平均肥满度达60.84%,头胸甲的色度值(RGB)平均为109.17,蜕皮激素(EH)含量达14.18 IU/mL。试验河蟹在蜕壳前生长性状、EH含量和蜕壳间期长短与蜕壳后的增长率不存在显著相关性(P>0.05)。在"蟹龙宫"的个体养殖系统中,中华绒螯蟹的肥满度达60%,蜕皮激素含量升至14 IU/mL时会启动蜕壳。
The molting and growth characters of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis) reared in the "Crab Palace" system for one molting cycle were studied. The results showed that the average increment rate of body weight of the crab was 33.19%, the average increment rate of carapace length, width and height ranged from 12.12% to 14.97%, and the average molting interval was 59.35 d. The average condition factor before molting was 60.84%, and the mean RGB value of body color in back carapace was 109.17, and the content of ecdysone hormone(EH) reached 14.18 IU/mL. In the "Crab Palace" system, no significant correlation(P>0.05) was observed between the growth status, EH content, molting interval before molting and increment rate of the growth traits after molting(P>0.05). The Chinese mitten crab reared in the "Crab Palace" system would start molting when its condition factor reached 60%, and ecdysone hormone content was more than 14 IU/mL.
The molting and growth characters of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis) reared in the "Crab Palace" system for one molting cycle were studied. The results showed that the average increment rate of body weight of the crab was 33.19%, the average increment rate of carapace length, width and height ranged from 12.12% to 14.97%, and the average molting interval was 59.35 d. The average condition factor before molting was 60.84%, and the mean RGB value of body color in back carapace was 109.17, and the content of ecdysone hormone(EH) reached 14.18 IU/mL. In the "Crab Palace" system, no significant correlation(P>0.05) was observed between the growth status, EH content, molting interval before molting and increment rate of the growth traits after molting(P>0.05). The Chinese mitten crab reared in the "Crab Palace" system would start molting when its condition factor reached 60%, and ecdysone hormone content was more than 14 IU/mL.
引文
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[20] CHIEN Y H,SHIAU W C.The effects of dietary supplementation of algae and synthetic astaxanthin on body astaxanthin,survival,growth,and low dissolved oxygen stress resistance of Kuruma prawn,Marsupenaeus japonicus Bate[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2005,318(2):201-211.
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[2] 姜连峰.浅谈河蟹生产[J].垦殖与稻作,2003(6):46-47.JIANG L F.Preliminary studies on river crab production[J].Reclaiming and Rice Cultivation,2003(6):46-47.
[3] 何奇.河蟹蜕壳期间注意事项[J].渔业致富指南,2009(15):53.HE Q.Matters needing attention during crab molting[J].Fishery Guide to be Rich,2009(15):53.
[4] 杨培根,李晨虹.笼养中华绒螯蟹的蜕壳与生长[J].上海水产大学学报,1998,7(2):158-161.YANG P G,LI C H.Molting and growth of Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis,raised in plastics cage[J].Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,1998,7(2):158-161.
[5] 黄姝,王中清,茅海成,等.中华绒螯蟹在实验室条件下的成蟹阶段蜕壳与生长观察[J].上海海洋大学学报,2014,23(3):359-365.HUANG S,WANG Z Q,MAO H C,et al.Observation on molting and growth of adult Chinese mitten crab reared in the laboratory condition[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2014,23(3):359-365.
[6] 陈娇.中华绒螯蟹蜕壳、生长的个体观察和相关基因的表达分析[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2016:9.CHEN J.Observation on individual molting,growth and analysis of relative gene expression in Chinese mitten crab[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2016:9.
[7] 黄伟卿,张艺,叶海辉,等.“蟹公寓”培育红膏蟹养殖技术研究[J].科学养鱼,2017(1):35-36.HUANG W Q,ZHANG Y,YE H H,et al.Research on breeding technology of crabs in “crab apartment”[J].Scientific Fish Farming,2017(1):35-36.
[8] 张列士,陆锦天.中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)蜕壳和生长的研究进展[J].水产科技情报,2001,28(6):246-250.ZHANG L S,LU J T.Study progress of the moult and growth of Chinese mitten-handed crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J].Fisheries Science & Technology Information,2001,28(6):246-250.
[9] 张超.中华绒螯蟹幼蟹蜕壳与生长的初步研究[J].水利渔业,2007,27(2):58-60.ZHANG C.Studies on the molting and growth of the young mitten crab[J].Reservoir Fisheries,2007,27(2):58-60.
[10] 何杰.中华绒螯蟹池塘生态养殖群体生长特征研究[J].水利渔业,2005,25(6):10-11,28.HE J.Population growth characteristics of the mitten crab in ecological aquaculture ponds[J].Reservoir Fisheries,2005,25(6):10-11,28.
[11] 郑海波.中华绒螯蟹的品质分析与比较[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.ZHENG H B.Analysis and comparison of the quality of Chinese Mitten Crab[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2008.
[12] 高保全,刘萍,李健,等.三疣梭子蟹4个野生群体肥满度的初步研究与比较分析[J].中国海洋大学学报,2012,42(s1):51-53.GAO B Q,LIU P,LI J,et al.A preliminary study on relative fatness of Portunus trituberculatus[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2012,42(s1):51-53.
[13] 杨品红,李梦军,黄春红,等.大通湖中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)品质分析与评价[J].海洋与湖沼,2014,45(3):637-643.YANG P H,LI M J,HUANG C H,et al.Nutrients analysis and quality assessment of Eriocheir sinensis from Datong lake,Hunan Province[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2014,45(3):637-643.
[14] 陈娇,岳武成,陈晓雯,等.中华绒螯蟹蜕壳生长及其与相关基因表达的关联分析[J].动物学杂志,2016,51(6):1059-1070.CHEN J,YUE W C,CHEN X W,et al.Observation on individual molting,growth and association analysis with relative gene expression in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)[J].Chinese Journal of Zoology,2016,51(6):1059-1070.
[15] MELLON JR D,GREER E.Induction of precocious molting and claw transformation in alpheid shrimps by exogenous 20-hydroxyecdysone[J].Biological Bulletin,1987,172(3):350-356.
[16] WARNER A C,STEVENSON J R.The influence of ecdysones and eyestalk removal on the molt cycle of the crayfish Orconectes obscurus[J].General and Comparative Endocrinology,1972,18(3):454-462.
[17] 黄姝.EcR和MIH基因在中华绒螯蟹蜕壳过程中的相互调节机制研究[D].上海:上海海洋大学,2017:132.HUANG S.Study on reciprocal regulation mechanism of MIH and EcR genes in the molting process of Chinese mitten crab,Eriocheir sinensis[D].Shanghai:Shanghai Ocean University,2017:132.
[18] TERUHISA K,TADASHI K,CHICHESTER C O.The bio-synthesis of astaxanthin.VI.the carotenoids in the prawn,Penaeus japonicus Bate (part II)[J].International Journal of Biochemistry,1972,3(15):363-368.
[19] 冷向军,李小勤.水产动物着色的研究进展[J].水产学报,2006,30(1):138-143.LENG X J,LI X Q.The recent advance of aquatic animal pigmentation[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2006,30(1):138-143.
[20] CHIEN Y H,SHIAU W C.The effects of dietary supplementation of algae and synthetic astaxanthin on body astaxanthin,survival,growth,and low dissolved oxygen stress resistance of Kuruma prawn,Marsupenaeus japonicus Bate[J].Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology,2005,318(2):201-211.
[21] CIANCI M,RIZKALLAH P J,OLCZAK A,et al.The molecular basis of the coloration mechanism in lobster shell:β-crustacyanin at 3.2-A resolution[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,2002,99(15):9795-9800.